BONE RESPONSE OF THREE DIFFERENT SURFACE IMPLANTS : HISTOMORPHOMETRIC, PERIO TEST VALUE AND RESONANCE FREQUENCY ANALYSIS IN BEAGLE DOGS

  • Choi, Joon-Eon (Grraduate School of Medical science, Korea University) ;
  • Suh, Kyu-Won (Grraduate School of Medical science, Korea University) ;
  • Lee, In-Ku (Grraduate School of Medical science, Korea University) ;
  • Ryu, Jae-Jun (Grraduate School of Medical science, Korea University) ;
  • Shin, Sang-Wan (Grraduate School of Medical science, Korea University)
  • 발행 : 2007.06.30

초록

Statement of problem. The intial stability for osseointegration of implant has been an interesting factor. Especially, in the case of poor bone quality or immediately loaded implant, various strategies have been developed focusing on the surface of materials to improve implant fixation to bone. The microscopic properties of implant surfaces play a major role in the osseous healing of dental implants. Purpose. The aims of this study are to perform a histologic and histomorphometric comparison of the healing characteristics of three different surfaces and the comparison of resonance frequency analysis (RFA) values measured by $Osstell^{TM}$ and perio-test values (PTV) measured by Periotest. Material and methods. A total of 24 screw titanium implants (Dentium Co., Seoul, Korea) with 6mm in length and 3.4mm in diameter, were placed in the mandible of 4 beagle dogs. Implants were divided into three groups following the surface treatment methods: Group I is machined(control group). Group II is anodically oxidized. Group III is coated 500nm in thickness with hydroxyapatite(HA) by ion beam assisted deposition(IBAD) on the anodized oxidization. Bone blocks from 2 dogs were caught after 3 weeks of covered healing and another blocks from 2 dogs after 6 weeks. RFA values and PTV were measured right after insertion and at 3 and 6weeks. Histomorphometric analysis was made with Kappa Image Base System to calculate bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area inside the threads. Pearson's correlation analyses were performed to evaluate the correlation between RFA and PTV, BIC and bone area ratio of three different surfaces at 3 and 6 weeks. Results. 1) In all surface treatment methods, the RFA values decreased and the PTV values increased until 6 weeks in comparison to initial values. 2) At 3 weeks, no significant difference was found from bone-to-implant contact ratio and bone area ratio of three different surface treatment methods(P>0.05). However, at 6 weeks, different surface treatment methods showed significantly different bone-toimplant contact ratio and bone area ratio(P<0.05). 3) In the implants with the IBAD on the anodic oxidization, significant difference was found between the 3 weeks and the 6 weeks bone area ratio(P<0.05). 4) Correlation was found between the RFA values and the bone area ratio at 3 and 6 weeks with significant difference(P<0.05). Conclusions. These results indicate that the implants with the IBAD on the anodic oxidization may have a high influence on the initial stability of implant.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Jaffin RA, Berman CL. The excessive loss of Branemark fixtures in type IV bone 5-year analysis. J Periodont 1991;62:2-4 https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.1991.62.1.2
  2. Lekholm M, Zarb GA. Patient selection and preparation Tissue integrated Prostheses. J Periodont 1985;3:199-209
  3. Albrektsson T, Branemark PI, Hansson HA, Kasemo B, Larsson K. The interface zone of inorganic implant in vivo ; Titanium implants in bone. Ann Biomed Eng 1983;11:1-27 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02363944
  4. Glauser R, Portmann M, Ruhstaller P. Initial implant stability using different implant designs and surgical techniques. Applied Osseointegration Research 2001;2:6-8
  5. Song WS, Kim YS, Kim CW, Lim YJ. Bone response of three different surface implants : histomorphometric and resonance frequency analysis in dogs. J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2004;42:671-678
  6. Zechner W, Tangl S, Furst G, Tepper G, Thams U, Mailath G, Watzek G. Osseous healing characteristics of three different implant types. Clin Oral Impl Res 2003;14:150-157 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.2003.140203.x
  7. Knobloch L, Larsen PA, Rashid B, Carr AB. Sixmonth performance of implants with oxidized and machined surfaces restored at 2, 4, and 6 weeks postimplantation in adult beagle dogs. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2004;19:350-356
  8. Yoshinari M, Ohtsuka Y, Derand T. Thin hydroxyapatite coating produced by the ion beam dynamic mixing method. Biomaterials 1994;25:529-535
  9. Yoshinari M, Ozeki K, Sumii T. Properties of hydroxyapatite- coated Ti-6Al-4V alloy produced ion plating method. Bull Tokyo Dent Coll 1991:32:147-156
  10. Overgaard S, Soballe K, Josephsen K, Hansen ES, Bunger C. Role of different loading conditions on resorption of hydroxyapatite coating evaluated by histomorphometric and stereological methods. J Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy 1997;25:409
  11. Brossa F, Cigada AR, Chiesa R, Paracchini L, Consonni C. Post-deposition treatment effects on hydroxyapatite vacuum plasma spray coatings. J Master Sci Mater Med 1994;5:855-857 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01172024
  12. Chen J, Tong W, Cao Y, Feng J, Zhang X. Effect of atmosphere on phase transformation in plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings during heat treatment. J Biomed Mater Res 1997;34:15-20 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(199701)34:1<15::AID-JBM3>3.0.CO;2-Q
  13. Cook SD, Thomas KA, Kay JF, Jarcho M. Hydroxyapatite coated titanium for orthopedic implant applications. Clin Orthop 1988;232:225-243
  14. Ong JL, Chan DC. Hydroxyapatite and their use as coatings in dental implants : A review. Crit Rev Biomed Eng 2000;28(5-6):667-707
  15. Cui FZ, Luo ZS, Feng QL. Highly adhesive hydroxyapatite coatings on titanium alloy formed by ion beam assisted deposition. J Master Sci Mater Med 1997;8:403-405 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018597320022
  16. Jeffcoat MK, McGlumphy EA, Reddy MS, Geurs NC, Proskin HM. A comparison of hydroxyapatite(HA)-coated threaded, HA-coated threaded, HA coated cylindric, and titanium threaded endosseous dental implants. Int J Oral & Maxillofacial Implants 2003;18:406-410
  17. McGlumphy EA, Peterson LJ, Larsen PE, Jeffcoat MK. Prospective study of 429 hydroxyapatitecoated cylindric Omniloc implants placed in 121 patients. Int J Oral & Maxillofacial Implants 2003;18:82-92
  18. Jung YC, Han CH, Lee IS, Kim HE. Effects of ion beam-assisted deposition of hydroxyapatite on the osseointegration of endosseous implants in rabbit tibiae. Int J Oral & Maxillofacial Implants 2001;16:809-818
  19. Lee IS, Kim DH, Kim HE, Jung YC, Han CH. Biological performance of calcium phosphate films formed on commercially pure Ti by electron- beam evaporization. Biomaterials 2002;23:609-615 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9612(01)00147-8
  20. Park YS. The effect of ion beam-assisted deposition of hydroxyapatite on the grit-blasted surface of endosseous implant in rabbit tibiae. Int J Oral & Maxillofacial Implants 2005;20:31-38
  21. Kim SJ, Shin SW, Jung SM, Ryu JJ. A study on the stability of 5 different surface treatment methods to dental implant using resonance frequency and histomor-phometric analysis. J Korean Acad Prosthocont 2005;43:78-92
  22. Meredith N. On the clinical measurement of implant stability and osseointegration. Ph. D. thesis, Institute for Surgical Sciences, Goteborg University, Sweden, 1997
  23. Meredith N, Alleyne D, Cawley P. Quantitative determination of the stability of the implant-tissue interface using resonance frequency analysis, Clin Oral Impl Res 1996;7:221
  24. Meredith N, Book K. Friberg, Jemt T, Sennerby L. Resonance frequency measurements of implant stability in vivo. Clin Oral Impl Res 1997;12:226
  25. Meredith N, Rasmussen L, Sennerby L, Alleyne D. Mapping implant stability by resonance frequency analysis. Med Sci Research 1996;24:191
  26. Teerlink J. Perio test : An object clinical diagnosis of bone apposition toward implants. Int J Oral & Maxillofacial Implants 1991;5:55-61
  27. Olive J, Aparicio C. The peiobest method as a measure of osseointegrated oral implant stability. Int J Oral & Maxillofacial Implants 1990:5:390- 400
  28. Faulkner MG, Lipsett AW, Wolfarddt JF. The use and abuse of the periotest for 2 piece implant / abutment systems. Int J Oral & Maxillofacial Implants Vol. 16, 2001
  29. Yi YA, Cha IH, Lee HY, Han DH. The influencing factors of periotest value and implant stability quotient J Korean Acad Pro-sthocont 2006;44:40-50
  30. Ivanoff CJ, Sennerby L, Lekholm U. Influence of mono-and bicortical anchorage on the integration of titanium implants. A study in the rabbit tibia. Int J Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery 1996;25:229-235 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0901-5027(96)80036-1
  31. Buser D, Schenk RK, Steinemann S, Fiorelli JP, Fox CH, Stich H. Influence of surface characteristics on Bone integration of titanium implants. A histomorphometric study in miniature pigs. J Biomed Mater 1991;28:889-902
  32. Carlsson L, Rostlund T, Albrektsson T. Removal torques for polished and rough titanium implants. Int J Oral & Maxillofacial Implants 1988;3:21-24
  33. Sul YT, Johansson CB, Wennerberg A, Cho LR, Chang BS, Albrektsson T. Optimum surface properties of oxidized implnats for reinfofcement of osseointegration: surface chemistry, oxide thcikness, porosity, roughness, and crystal structure. Int J Oral Maxillofac implants 2005;20:349-359
  34. Sennerby L, Thomsen P, Ericson LE. Ultrastructure of the bone-titanium interface in rabbits. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 1992;3:262- 271 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00705291
  35. Sul YT, Johansson CB, Petronis S, Krozer A, Jeong Y, Wennerberg A, Albrektsson T. Characteristics of the surface oxides on turned and electrochemically oxidized pure titanium implnants up to dielectric breakdown : the oxide thickness, micropore configurations, surface roughness, crystal structure and chemical composition. Biomaterials 2002;23:491-501 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9612(01)00131-4
  36. Eser Tufekci, William A. Brantley, John C. Mitchell. Crystallographic Characteristics of Plasma-Sprayed Calcium Phospate coatings on Ti-6Al-4V. Int J Oral & Maxillofac Implants 1999;14:661-672
  37. Wennerberg A, Albrrektsson T. Suggested guidelines for the topographic evaluation of implant surfaces. Int J Oral & Maxillofacial Implants 2000;15: 331-344
  38. Sul YT, Johansson CB, Petronis S, Krozer A, Jeong Y, Wennerberg A, Albrektsson T. Resonance frequency and removal torque analysis of implants with turned and anodized surface oxides. Clin Oral Impl Res 2002;13:252-259 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.2002.130304.x
  39. Tayler GC, Waddington RZ, Moseley R, Williams KR. Influence of titanium oxide and titanium peroxy gel on the breakdown of hyaluronan by reactive oxygen species. Biomaterials 1996;13:1212-19
  40. Choi JM, Kong YM, Kim S, Kim HE, Hwang CS, Lee IS. Formation and characterization of hydroxyapatite coating layer on Ti-based metal implant by electronbeam deposition. J Mater Res 1999;14:2980-2985 https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.1999.0399
  41. Schulte W, d Hoedt B, lukas C. Periotest for measuring periodontal characteristics- dorrelation with periodontal bone loss. J of Periodontal Res 1992;27:184-190 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1992.tb01667.x
  42. Chavez H, Ortman LF, DeFranco RL, Medige J. Assessment of oral implant mobility. J Prosthet Dent 1993;70:421-426 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(93)90078-3
  43. Meredith N, Cawley P, Alleyne D. Quantitative determination of stability of the implant-tissue interface using resonance frequency analysis. Clin Oral Implants Res 1996;7:261-267 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.1996.070308.x
  44. Huang HM, Chiu CL, Yeh CY, Lin LH, Lee SY. Early detection of implant healing process using resonance frequency analysis. Clin Oral Implants Res 2003;14:437-443 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.2003.00818.x