Natural Product Sciences

The Korean Society of Pharmacognosy (한국생약학회)
권호 표지

Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Carissa carandas Linn fruits and Microstylis wallichii Lindl Tubers

  • Reddy, G.D. (Ethno pharmacology and Pharmacognosy Division, N.B.R.I.) ;
  • Kaushik, Atul (Formulation and Development Section, Ranbaxy Laboratories) ;
  • Shanker, K. (Drug Standardisation Research Unit, C.R.I.) ;
  • Tiwari, R.K. (Drug Standardisation Research Unit, C.R.I.) ;
  • Mukherjee, Alok (Dept. of Pharmacy, Allahabad Agriculture Institute-Deemed University) ;
  • Rao, Ch.V. (Ethno pharmacology and Pharmacognosy Division, N.B.R.I.) ;
  • Sharma, Alok (Ethno pharmacology and Pharmacognosy Division, N.B.R.I.)
  • Published : 2007.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The ethanolic (50% v/v) extracts of Carissa carandas (fruits) (Apocynaceae) and Microstylis wallichii (tubers) (Orchidaceae) were examined for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities in experimental animals. Carissa carandas and Microstylis wallichii (50-200 mg/kg) caused a dose dependent inhibition of swelling caused by carrageenin significantly in cotton pellet induced granuloma in rats (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001). There was a significant increase in the analgesy meter induced pain in rats. The extracts of Carissa carandas and Microstylis wallichii resulted in an inhibition of stretching episodes and percentage protection was 16.05-17.58%respectively in acetic acid induced writhing.

Keywords

References

  1. Alcaraz, M.J. and Jimenez, M.J., Flavonoide, an anti-inflammatory agents. Fitoterapia 59, 25-38 (1988)
  2. Bentley, G.A., Newton, S.H., and Starr, J., Studies on the antinociceptive action of a-against drugs and their interaction with opioid mechanisms. Br. J. Pharmacol. 79, 125-134 (1983) https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.1983.tb10504.x
  3. Castro, J., Saseme, H., Sussman, H., and Bullette, P., Diverse effect of SKF 52 and antioxidants on $CCl_{4}$ induced changes in liver microsomal P-450 content and ethylmorphine metabolism. Life Sciences 7, 129-136 (1968)
  4. Rao, Ch.V., Ojha, S.K., Amresh, Mehrotra, S., and Pushpangadan, P., Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antiulcerogenic activity of the unripe fruit of Aegle marmelos, Acta Turcica 45, 85-91 (2003)
  5. Chopra, I.C., Handa, K.L., and Sobti, S.N., Need for the cultivation of vegetable drugs used in ayurvedic and unani medicine Ind. J. Pharm. 18, 264-268 (1956)
  6. Chunekar, K.C., Bhavaprakasa Nighantu, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, India, (1982) p. 64
  7. Collier, H.O.J., Dinneen, L.C., Johnson, C.A., and Schneider, C., The abdominal constriction response and its suppression by analgesic drugs in the mouse. Br. J. Pharmacol. 32, 295-310 (1968)
  8. Della Loggia, A., Tubaro, A., Dri, P., Zilli, C., and Del Negro, P., The role of flavonoids in the anti-inflammatory activity Chamomilla recutita. Clini. Biol. Res. 213, 481-486 (1968)
  9. Deraedt., R., Jougney, S., Delevalacee, F., and Falthour, M., Release of prostaglandin E and F in an algogenic reaction and its inhibition. European J. Pharmacol. 51, 17-24 (1980)
  10. Di Rosa, M., Biological properties of Carrageenan. J. Pham. Pharmacol. 24, 89-102 (1972) https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1972.tb08940.x
  11. Meier, R., Schuler W., Desaulles, P., and Zur Frage, des Mechananismus der Hemmung des Bindegewebswachstums durch Cortisone. Experientia. 6, 469-470 (1950) https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02154110
  12. Miller, L.C. and Tainter, M.L., Evaluation of $ED_{50}$ and its error by means of logarithmic probic graph papers. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 57, 261-264 (1994)
  13. Padmanabha pillai, N., Ramaswamy, S., Gopalakrishinan, V., and Ghosh, M.N., Effect of cholinergic drugs on acute and chronic morphine dependence. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. 257, 147-154 (1982)
  14. Phadke, J.D. and Anderson, L.A., Ethnopharmacology and Western medicine. J. Ethnopharmacol. 25, 61 (1988)
  15. Pushpangadan, P., Karanda., Rural India's rich fruit In: Down To Earth. Society for Environmental Communication, Thomson Press (India), New Delhi. 12(6), 52 (2003)
  16. Rodriguez Alia, R.E., Antinociceptive activity of glycosidic enkephalin analogues. Psychopharmacolog. 101, 222-225 (1990) https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02244130
  17. Sharma, P.C., Yelne M.B., and Dennis T.J., Database on Medicinal Plants Used in Ayurveda. Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddhha. 3, 369-377 (2001)
  18. Sheth, U.K., Dadkar, N.K., Kamat, G., and Usha, G., Miscellaneous topics. In selected topics in experimental Pharmacology. Pare & Botany, The Kothari Book Depot, 1972, p. 194
  19. Trease, G.E. and Evans, W.C. Pharmacognosy. Baillier Tindall Press, London, 1983, 309-315 and 706-708
  20. Vogel G.H. and Vogel W.H., Drug discovery and evaluation, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1998, p. 413-415
  21. Vohra M.M. and. De, N.N., Comprative cardiotonic activity of carissa carandus 1. and carissa spinarum A.Dc. Ind. Jour. Med. Res. 51(5) Sept, 937-940 (1963)
  22. Winter, C.A. and Porter, C.C., Effect of alteration in side chain upon anti-inflammatory and liver glycogen activities in hydrocortisone esters. J. Am. Pharm. Assoc. Sci. 46, 515-520 (1957) https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.3030460902
  23. Winter, C.A., Risley, E.A., and Nuss, G.W., Carrageenin induced edema in hind paw of the rats as an assay for anti-inflammatory drug, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 111, 544-547 (1962)
  24. Witkin, L.B., Huebner, C.F., Galdi, F.O., Keefe, E., Spitaletta, P., and Plumer, A.J., Pharmacognosy of 2 amino-indane hydrochloride (SU 8629); A potent non-nacrotic analgelic. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap. 133, 400-408 (1961)
  25. Zimmerman M., Ethical guidelines for investigations of experimental pain in conscious animals. Pain 16, 109-110 (1983) https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(83)90201-4