Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education (한국과학교육학회지)

The Korean Association for Science Education (한국과학교육학회)
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Analyses of the Basic Inquiry Process in Korean 3-10 Grade Science Textbooks: Focused on Observation and Measurement

우리나라 3-10학년 과학 교과서에 나타난 기초탐구과정 분석: 관찰 및 측정 탐구요소를 중심으로

  • Published : 2007.08.30
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of observation and measurement inquiry process in the Korean science textbooks. For the inquiry process of observation, the higher grade textbooks contained more 'comparative observation' rather than 'simple observation'. Students should express their observation results in written words rather than verbal descriptions in the higher grade. For the inquiry process of measurement, the temperature measurement was the most frequent measurement activity. 'Measurement design' was found more frequently in the lower grade textbooks. The uses of measurement tools were not presented systematically and were presented restrictively when the relevant experiment wanted to use these tools. The higher grade textbooks include 'quantitative measurements' rather than 'qualitative measurements' and 'operation measurement' rather than 'simple measurement'. In the application of measurement results, we had difficulty in finding the activities related with the usage of unit, unit conversion, significant figure, error and uncertainty.

본 연구의 목적은 우리나라 3학년부터 10학년까지의 과학교과서에 나타난 기초탐구과정 중 관찰과 측정이 어떻게 제시되어 있는지 알아보는 것이다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 관찰에서는 시각을 많이 사용하고, 고학년으로 올라가면서 관찰의 수준이 높아져 '단순관찰'에서 '비교하며 관찰하기'의 수가 증가하였고, 언어표현보다 글표현 방식이 증가하였다. 측정대상은 온도측정이 가장 많았고, 저학년에서 고학년보다 측정 설계가 많이 발견되었다. 측정도구의 사용법은 학년에 맞게 계획적으로 제시되지 않고 교과서의 탐구활동에서 관련된 측정도구가 제시될 때 설명되어 학생들이 측정방볍을 체계적으로 학습하지 못하도록 되어 있었다. 학년이 올라가면서 정성적 측정에서 정량적 측정이 많아졌으며, 단순측정보다 조작측정의 수가 급격하게 증가하였다. 측정결과의 활용에서는 단위사용, 단위변환, 유효 숫자처리, 오차와 불확실도 등에 대한 내용은 거의 제시되지 않는 문제점이 발견되었다.

Keywords

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