Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters (한국미생물·생명공학회지)

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
권호 표지

Development of Bioreactors for Enrichment of Chemolithotrophic Methanogen and Methane Production

독립영양형 메탄생산세균의 농화 및 메탄생산 반응기의 개발

  • Na, Byung-Kwan (Department of Biological Engineering, Seokyeong University) ;
  • Hwang, Tae-Sik (Department of Biological Engineering, Seokyeong University) ;
  • Lee, Sung-Hun (Department of Biological Engineering, Seokyeong University) ;
  • Ju, Dong-Hun (Division of Water Environment and Remediation, KIST) ;
  • Sang, Byung-In (Division of Water Environment and Remediation, KIST) ;
  • Park, Doo-Hyun (Department of Biological Engineering, Seokyeong University)
  • 나병관 (서경대학교 이공대학 생물공학과) ;
  • 황태식 (서경대학교 이공대학 생물공학과) ;
  • 이성훈 (서경대학교 이공대학 생물공학과) ;
  • 주동훈 (한국과학기술원 유해물질연구센터) ;
  • 상병인 (한국과학기술원 유해물질연구센터) ;
  • 박두현 (서경대학교 이공대학 생물공학과)
  • Published : 2007.03.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

A gas-circulating bioreactor was used for enrichment of autotrophic methanogens. Mixture of hydrogen and carbon dioxide (5:1) was used as a sole energy and carbon source. Anaerobic digestive sludge isolated from wastewater treatment system was inoculated into the gas-circulating bioreactor. The enrichment of two chemolithotrophic methanogens, Methanobacterium curvum and Methanobacterium oryzae was accomplished in the gas-circulating bioreactor. The enriched bacteria were cultivated in a bioreactor equipped with hollow-fiber hydrogen-supplying system (hollow-fiber bioreactor), and a hybrid-type bioreactor equipped with hollow-fiber hydrogen-supplying system and electrochemical redox control system. The methane productivity was maximally 30% (V/V) in the hollow-fiber bioreactors and 50% (V/V) in the hybrid-type bioreactor.

수소-이산화탄소(5:1) 혼합가스 순환장치를 장착한 반응기를 이용하여 독립영양형 메탄생산세균을 농화하였으며, 생산된 메탄의 농도는 10%미만이었다. 30일 이상 농화배양한 후 16S-rDNA 동질성을 이용하여 반응기에서 생장하고 있는 세균을 분석한 결과 수소를 단일 에너지 원으로 이용하는 Methanobacterium curvum와 Methanobacterium oryzae로 확인되었다. 농화된 세균을 hollow-fiber수소 공급장치를 장착한 반응기에 배양하여 메탄의 농도를 30%까지 향상하였다. 그러나 농화된 세균을 hollow-fiber 수소 공급장치와 미량의 수소를 생산하고 전기화학적 환원성 환경을 유도할 수 있는 장치를 장착한 복합형 반응기에 적용한 결과 메탄의 생산성은 50%가지 향상하였다. 이러한 결과는 독립영양형 메탄생산세균을 농화 또는 대량 배양하기 위해서 hollow-fiber 수소 공급장치와 전기화학적 환원력을 복합적으로 이용하는 것이 유리하다는 것을 보여주는 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Breznak,J.A., and J.M. Switzer. 1986. Acetate synthesis from $H_2$ plus $CO_2$ by termite gut microbes. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 52: 623-630
  2. Chin, K.J., and P.H Janssen. 2002. Propionate formation by Optutus terrae in pure culture and in mixed culture with a hydrogenotrophic methanogen and implications for carbon fluxes in anoxic rice paddy soil. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68: 2089-2092 https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.4.2089-2092.2002
  3. Cord-Ruwisch, R., H. Seitz, and R. Conrad. 1988. The capacity of hydrogenotrophic anaerobic bacteria to compete for traces of hydrogen depends on the redox potential of the terminal electron acceptor. Arch. Microbiol. 149: 350-357 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00411655
  4. Daniel, S.L., T. Hsu, S.I. Dean, and H.L. Drake. 1990. Characterization of the $H_2$- and CO-dependent chemolithotrophic potentials of the acetogens Clostridium thermoaceticum and Acetogenium kivui. J. Bacteriol. 172: 4464-4471 https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.172.8.4464-4471.1990
  5. Dhillon, A., M. Lever, K.G. Lloyd, D.E. Albert, M.L. Sogin, and A. Teske. 2005. Methanogen diversity evidenced by molecular characterization of methyl coenzyme M reductase A (mcrA) genes in hydrothermal sediments of the Suaymas Basin. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71: 4592-4601 https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.8.4592-4601.2005
  6. Ferguson, T.J., and R.A, Mah. 1983. Isolation and characterization of an $H_2$-oxidizing thermophilic methanogen. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 46: 265-274
  7. Gottschalk, G 1985. Bacterial Metabolism, second edition, pp 252-260. Springer-Verlag, New York
  8. Harris, J.E., P.A. Pinn, and R.P. Davis. 1984. Isolation and characterization of a novel thermophili, freshwater methanogen. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 48: 1123-1128
  9. Inloes, D.S., D.P. Taylor, S.N. Cohen, A.S. Michaels, and C.R. Robertson. 1983. Ethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilized in hollow-fiber membrane bioreactor. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 46: 264-278
  10. Lueders, T., and M.W. Friedrich. 2003. Evaluation of PCR amplification bias by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of small-subunit rRNA and mcrA genes by using defined template mixtures of methanogenic pure cultures and soil DNA extracts. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69: 320-326 https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.1.320-326.2003
  11. Oremland, R.S., R.P. Kiene, I. Mathrani, M.J. Whitica, and D.R. Boone. 1989. Description of an estuarine methylotrophic methanogen which grows on dimethyl sulfide. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 55: 994-1002
  12. Robinson, J.A., and J.M. Tiedje. 1982. Kinetics of hydrogen consumption by rumen fluid, anaerobic digestor sludge, and sediment. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 44: 1374-1384
  13. Thauer, R.K., K. Jungermann, and K. Decker. 1977. Energy conservation in chemolithotrophic anaerobic bacteria. Bacteriol. Rev. 41: 100-180
  14. Westermann, P, B.K. Ahring, and Mah, R.A. 1989. Threshold acetate concentrations for acetate catabolism by aceticlastic methanogenic bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 55: 514-515
  15. Zinder, S.H., S.C. Cardwell, T. Anguish, M. Lee, and M. Koch. Methanogenesis in a thermophilic ($58^{\circ}C$) anaaerobic digestor: Methanothrix sp. an important aceticlastic methanogen. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 47: 796-807