References
- Aberle, E. D., R. A. Merkel, J. C. Forrest and C. W. Alliston. 1975. Physiological responses of stress susceptible and stress resistant pigs to heat stress. J. Anim. Sci. 38:954-959.
- Amakiri, S. F. and O. N. Funsho. 1979. Studies of rectal temperature, respiratory rates and heat tolerance in cattle in the humid tropics. Anim. Prod. 28:329-335. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003356100023230
- Berbigier, P. 1975. Echanges thermiques au niveau de la peau des porcelets eleves en climat tropical 1. Influence des conditions climatiques et de la race. Ann. Zootech. 24:423-432. https://doi.org/10.1051/animres:19750308
- Berbigier, P. 1988. Description des climats equatoriaux et tropicaux. Pages 11-18 in INRA (Ed.) Bioclimatologie des ruminants domestiques en zone tropicale
- Black, J. L., B. P. Mullan, M. L. Lorschy and L. R. Giles. 1993. Lactation in the sow during heat stress. Livest. Prod. Sci. 35:153-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-6226(93)90188-N
- Burrow, H. M. 2001. Variances and covariances between productive and adaptative traits and temperament in composite breed of tropical beef cattle. Livest. Prod. Sci. 70:213-233. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(01)00178-6
- Canope, I. and Y. Raynaud. 1980. Etude comparative des performances de reproduction des truies de races Creoles et Large White en Guadeloupe. Annales de Genetiques et de Selection Animale. 12:267-280. https://doi.org/10.1186/1297-9686-12-3-267
- Dourmad, J. Y., M. Etienne, A. Prunier and J. Noblet. 1994. The effect of energy and protein intake of sows on their longevity: a review. Livest. Prod. Sci. 40:97.
- Finch, V. A. 1985. Comparison of non evaporative heat transfert in different cattle breeds. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 36:497-508. https://doi.org/10.1071/AR9850497
- Gourdine, J. L., H. Quesnel, J. P. Bidanel and D. Renaudeau. 2006a. Effects of season, parity and lactation on reproductive performance of sows in a tropical humid climate. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 19:1111-1119. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2006.1111
- Gourdine, J. L., J. P. Bidanel, J. Noblet and D. Renaudeau. 2006b. Effects of season and breed on the feeding behavior of multiparous lactating sows in a tropical humid climate. J. Anim. Sci. 84:469-480. https://doi.org/10.2527/2006.842469x
- Gourdine, J. L., J. P. Bidanel, J. Noblet and D. Renaudeau. 2006c. Effects of breed and season on performance of lactating sows in a tropical humid climate. J. Anim. Sci. 84:360-369. https://doi.org/10.2527/2006.842360x
- Hagen, K., J. Langbein, C. Schmied, D. Lexer and S. Waiblinger. 2005. Heart rate variability in dairy cow-influences of breed and milking system. Physiol. Behav. 85:195-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.03.019
-
Herpin, P., A. Vincent and M. Damon. 2004. Effect of breed and body weight on thermoregulatory abilities of European (Pietrain
$\times$ (Landrace$\times$ Large White)) and Chinese (Meishan) piglets at birth. Livest. Prod. Sci. 88:17-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2003.11.006 - Holmes, M. A. 1973. The energy and protein metabolism of pigs growing at a high temperature. Anim. Prod. 16:117-133. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003356100029937
- Huynh, T. T. T. 2005. Heat stress in growing pigs. PhD. Thesis Wageningen Institute of Animal Science, Wageningen University, Wangeningen, The Netherlands.
- Kadzere, C. T., M. R. Murphy, N. Silznikove and E. Maltz. 2002. Heat stress in lactating dairy cows: a review. Livest. Prod. Sci. 77:59-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(01)00330-X
- Koga, A., K. Kurata, R. Furukawa, M. Nakajima, Y. Kanai and T. Chikamune. 1999. Thermoregulatory responses of Swamp Buffaloes and Friesian Cows to Diurnal Changes in Temperature. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 12:1273-1276. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.1999.1273
- Korthals, R. L., R. A. Eigenberg, G. L. Hahn and J. A. Nienaber. 1999. Measurements and spectral analysis of typanic temperature regulation in swine. Transactions Am. Soc. Agric. Eng. 38:905-909.
- Labroue, F., L. Maignel, P. Sellier and J. Noblet. 1999. Consommation residuelle chez le porc en croissance alimente a volonte: methode de calcul et variabilite genetique. Journ. Rech. Porcine Fr. 31:167-174.
- Littledike, E. T., D. A. Witzel and J. L. Riley. 1979. Body temperature changes in sows during the periparturient period. Laboratory Anim. Sci. 5:621-624.
- Lorschy, M. L., L. R. Giles, C. R. Smith, J. M. Gooden and J. L. Black. Food intake, heat production and milk yield of lactating sows exposed to high temperature. Page 81 in Manipulating Pig Production. APSA Committee (Ed.). Aust. Pig Sci. Assoc. Anim. Res. Institute, Werribee, Australia.
- Mackinnon, M. J., K. Meyer and D. J. S. Hetzel. 1991. Genetic variation and covariation for growth, parasite resistance and heat tolerance in tropical cattle. Livest. Prod. Sci. 27:105-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-6226(91)90090-D
- Makkink, C. A. and J. W. Schrama. 1998. Thermal requirements of the lactating sow. Pages 271-284 in The lactating sow. (Ed. M. W. Verstegen, P. J. Moughan and J. W. Schrama), Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Morris, C. A., K. R. Jones and J. A. Wilson. 1989. Heritability of rectal temperature and relationships with growth in young cattle in a temperate climate. N. Z. J. Agric. Res. 375-378.
- Nardone, A. 1998. Thermoregulatory capacity among selection objectives in dairy cattle in hot environment. Zootc. Nutr. Anim. 6:295-306.
- Noblet, J., J. Y. Dourmad and M. Etienne. 1990. Energy utilization in pregnant and lactating sows: Modelling of energy requirements. J. Anim. Sci. 68:562-572. https://doi.org/10.2527/1990.682562x
- Noblet, J. and M. Etienne. 1987. Metabolic utilization of energy and maintenance requirements in lactating sows. J. Anim. Sci. 64:774-781. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1987.643774x
- Noblet, J. and M. Etienne. 1989. Estimation of sow milk nutrient output. J. Anim. Sci. 67:3352-3359. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1989.67123352x
- Noblet, J., C. Karege, S. Dubois and J. van Milgen. 1999. Metabolic utilization of energy and maintenance requirements in growing pigs: effects of sex and genotype. J. Anim. Sci. 77:1208-1216. https://doi.org/10.2527/1999.7751208x
- NRC. 1998. Nutrient Requirement of Swine 10th ed. Natl. Acad. Press, Washington, DC.
- Nunez-Anton, V. and D. L. Zimmerman. 2000. Modeling nonstationary longitudinal data. Biometrics 56:699-705. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0006-341X.2000.00699.x
- Prunier, A., M. Messias de Braganca and J. Le Dividich. 1997. Influence of high ambiant temperature on performance of reproductive sows. Livest. Prod. Sci. 52:123-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(97)00137-1
- Quiniou, N. and J. Noblet. 1999. Influence of high ambient temperatures on performance of multiparous lactating sows. J. Anim. Sci. 77:2124-2134. https://doi.org/10.2527/1999.7782124x
- Refinetti, R. and G. Piccione. 2005. Intra- and inter-individual variability in the circadian rhythm of body temperature of rats, squirrels, dogs, and horses. J. Therm. Biol. 30:139-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2004.09.003
- Renaudeau, D. 2001. Adaptation nutritionnelle et physiologique aux temperatures ambiantes elevees chez la truie en lactation. Thesis, Univ. Rennes I, Rennes, France.
- Renaudeau, D. 2005. Effects of short-term exposure to high ambient temperature and relative humidity on thermoregulatory responses of European (Large White) and Carribbean (Creole) restrictively fed growing pigs. Anim. Res. 54:81-93. https://doi.org/10.1051/animres:2005005
- Renaudeau, D., N. Mandonnet, M. Tixier-Boichard, J. Noblet and J. P. Bidanel. 2004. Attenuer les effets de la chaleur sur les performances des porcs : la voie genetique. Prod. Anim. 17:93-108.
- Renaudeau, D., N. Quiniou and J. Noblet. 2001. Effects of exposure to high ambient temperature and dietary protein level on performance of multiparous lactating sows. J. Anim. Sci. 79:1240-1249. https://doi.org/10.2527/2001.7951240x
- Rinaldo, D., I. Canope, R. Christon, C. Rico, J. Ly and F. Dieguez. 2003. Creole pigs in Guadeloupe and Cuba: a comparison of reproduction, growth performance and meat quality in relation to dietary and environmental conditions. Pig News Inform. 24:17N-26N.
- Saama, P. M. and I. L. Mao. 1993. Sources of variation in partitioning of intake energy for lactating Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 76:1334-1341. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(93)77464-0
- Schoenherr, W. D., T. S. Stahly and G. L. Cromwell. 1989. The effects of dietary fat or fiber addition on energy and nitrogen digestibility in lactating, primiparous sows housed in a warm or hot environment. J. Anim. Sci. 67:473-481. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1989.672473x
- Sethi, R. K., A. Bharadwaj and S. C. Chopra. 1992. Effect of heat stress on buffaloes under different shelter strategies. Indian J. Anim. Sci. 64:1282-1285.
- Spencer, J. D., R. D. Boyd, R. Cabrera and G. L. Allee. 2003. Early weaning to reduce tissue mobilization in lactating sows and milk supplementation to enhance pig weaning weight during extreme heat stress. J. Anim. Sci. 81:2041-2052. https://doi.org/10.2527/2003.8182041x
- Spiers, D. E., J. N. Spain, J. D. Sampson and R. P. Rhoads. 2004. Use of physiological parameters to predict milk yield and feed intake in heat stressed dairy cows. J. Therm. Biol. 29:759-764. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2004.08.051
- Taouis, M., V. De Basilio, S. Mignon-Gastreau, S. Crochet, C. Bouchot, K. Bigot, A. Collin and M. Picard. 2002. Early age thermal conditionning reduces uncoupling protein messenger RNA expression in pectoral muscle of broiler chicks at seven days of age. Poult. Sci. 80:1640-1643.
- Tauson, A. H., A. Chwalibog, J. Ludviqsen, K. Jakobsen and G. Thorbek. 1998. Effect of Short-term exposure to high ambient temperatures on gas exchange and heat production in boars of different breeds. Anim. Sci. 66:431-440. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1357729800009589
- Thiel, P. K., H. Jorgensen and K. Jakobsen. 2004. Energy and protein metabolism in lactating sows fed two levels of dietary fat. Livest. Prod. Sci. 89:265-276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livprodsci.2004.01.001
- Turner, H. G. 1982. Genetic variation of rectal temperature in cows and its relationship to fertility. Anim. Prod. 35:401-412. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003356100001094
- Turner, H. G. 1984. Variation in rectal temperature of cattle in a tropical environment and its relation to growth rate. Anim. Prod. 38:417-427. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003356100041611
- van Milgen, J., J. F. Bernier, Y. Le Cozler, S. Dubois and J. Noblet. 1998. Major determinants of fasting heat production and energetic cost of activity in growing pigs of different body weight and breed/castration combination. Br. J. Nutr. 79:509-517. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19980089
- West, J. W. 2003. Effects of heat-stress on production in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 86:2131-2144. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73803-X
Cited by
- Heat stress in pregnant sows: Thermal responses and subsequent performance of sows and their offspring vol.84, pp.9, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1002/mrd.22844
- The Genetics of Thermoregulation in Pigs: A Review vol.8, pp.None, 2007, https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.770480
- Infrared Thermography of the Mammary Gland in Sows with Regard to Health and Performance vol.11, pp.10, 2007, https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11101013