The korean journal of orthodontics (대한치과교정학회지)

The Korean Association Of Orthodontists (대한치과교정학회)
권호 표지

Shear bond strength of brackets bonded with different self etching primers

Self etching primer를 사용하여 부착된 교정용 브라켓의 전단결합강도의 비교

  • Yang, Jin-Young (Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Korea University) ;
  • Kim, Min-Ji (Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Korea University) ;
  • Lim, Yong-Kyu (Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Korea University) ;
  • Lee, Dong-Yul (Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Korea University)
  • 양진영 (고려대학교 임상치의학대학원) ;
  • 김민지 (고려대학교 임상치의학대학원) ;
  • 임용규 (고려대학교 임상치의학대학원) ;
  • 이동렬 (고려대학교 임상치의학대학원)
  • Published : 2007.08.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of 4 self etching primers by measuring the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets and examining the failure pattern of bracket-tooth interfaces. Methods: Seventy-five, defect-free, premolars were randomly assigned into five groups: control group (37% phosphoric acid + Transbond XT primer) and self etching primer treated groups (Transbond Plus self etching primer, Unifil bond, Clearfil SE bond, and Adhese). The shear bond strength was measured with a universal testing machine and the amount of residual adhesive remaining on the brackets after debonding was assessed by the adhesive remnant index (ARI). Results: The results showed that the groups conditioned with self etching primer had significantly lower shear bond strength than the control group (p < 0.05), although clinically acceptable. However, there were no significant differences in shear bond strength among the self etching primer groups (p > 0.05). Evaluation of the ARI scores indicated there was less resin remnant on the teeth in the groups conditioned with self etching primers, although not statistically significant. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that all four of the self etching primers have shown acceptable bond strength for clinical use.

새로운 접착 시스템의 개발로 브라켓의 접착 과정이 단순화되고 있는 추세이다. 본 연구에서는 통상적인 산 부식 방법과 더불어 수종의 교정용 및 수복용 self etching primer를 이용하여 브라켓을 접착한 후 전단결합강도를 측정하고 접착 파절 양상을 비교함으로써 self etching primer 유용성을 평가하였다. 교정 치료를 위해 발거한 상, 하악 소구치 75개를 레진 블록에 매몰하여 시편을 제작하였고, 산 부식이 필요한 Transbond XT primer와, 4종의 self etching primer (Transbond Plus Self Etching Primer, Unifill Bond, Clearfil SE bond, Adhese)를 각각 이용하여 브라켓을 접착한 후, 만능시험기로 전단결합강도를 측정하고, 브라켓 기저면을 광학현미경으로 관찰하여 접착 파절 양상을 관찰하였다. 접착제 잔류지수를 비교한 결과, 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었으나, 인산 처리군이 self etching primer 처리군에서 보다 낮은 값을 보여, self etching primer 처리군이 인산 처리군 보다 법랑질-레진 접착계면 부위에서의 파절이 많이 일어나는 경향이 있었음을 알 수 있었다. Self etching primer 처리군에서의 전단결합강도는 37% 인산 처리군의 전단결합강도보다 낮았지만(p < 0.05), 임상적으로 유용한 수준 이상이었으며, self etching primer 처리군 내에서 각각의 전단결합강도는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다 (p > 0.05). 따라서 self etching primer를 이용할 경우, 기존의 산 부식법에 비하여 다소 낮은 전단결합강도를 보이지만 임상적으로 충분히 사용 가능하다고 생각된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Buonocore MG. A simple method of increasing the adhesion of acrylic filling materials to enamel surfaces. J Dent Res 1955;34:849-53 https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345550340060801
  2. Newman GV. Epoxy adhesives for orthodontic attachments: progress report. Am J Orthod 1965;51:901-12 https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(65)90203-4
  3. Proffit WR, Fields Jr HW. Contemporary orthodontcs. 3rd edition. St Louis: Mosby; 2000. p.385-416
  4. Miller RA. Laboratory and clinical evaluation of a self-etching primer. J Clin Orthod 2001;35:42-5
  5. Grandhi RK, Combe EC, Speidel TM. Shear bond strength of stainless steel orthodontic brackets with a moisture-insensitive primer. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2001;119:251-5 https://doi.org/10.1067/mod.2001.110988
  6. Bishara SE, Olsen ME, Damon P, Jakobsen JR. Evaluation of a new light-cured orthodontic bonding adhesive. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1998;114:80-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-5406(98)70242-2
  7. Chigira H, Koike T, Hasegawa T, Itoh K, Wakurnoto S, Hayakawa T. Effect of the self etching dentin primers on the bonding efficacy of a dentin adhesive. Dent Mater J 1989;8:86-92 https://doi.org/10.4012/dmj.8.86
  8. Bishara SE, VonWald L, Laffoon JF, Warren JJ. Effect of a self-etch primer/adhesive on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2001;119:621-4 https://doi.org/10.1067/mod.2001.113269
  9. Cacciafesta V, Sfondrini MF, De Angelis M, Scribante A, Klersy C. Effect of water and saliva contamination on shear bond strength of brackets bonded with conventional, hydrophilic, and self-etching primers. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003;123:633-40 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-5406(03)00198-7
  10. Fritz UB, Diedrich P, Finger WJ. Self-etching primers-an alternative to the conventional acid etch technique? J Orofac Orthop 2001;62:238-45 https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00001931
  11. Korbmacher H, Klocke A, Huck L, Kahl-Nieke B. Enamel conditioning for orthodontic bonding with a single-step bonding agent. J Orofac Orthop 2002;63:463-71 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-002-0130-5
  12. Arnold RW, Combe EC, Warford JH Jr. Bonding of stainless steel brackets to enamel with a new self-etching primer. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;122:274-6 https://doi.org/10.1067/mod.2002.125712
  13. Larmour CJ, Stirrups DR. An ex vivo assessment of a bonding technique using a self-etching primer. J Orthod 2003;30:225-8 https://doi.org/10.1093/ortho/30.3.225
  14. Buyukyilmaz T, Usumez S, Karaman AI. Effect of self-etching primers on bond strength-are they reliable? Angle Orthod 2003;73:64-70
  15. Bishara SE, Gordan VV, VonWald L, Olson ME. Effect of an acidic primer on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1998;114:243-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-5406(98)70205-7
  16. Kim YK, Lee JW, Cha KS. A comparative study on bond strength and adhesive failure pattern in bracket bonding with self-etching primer. Korean J Orthod 2004;34:325-32
  17. Bishara SE, Oonsombat C, Ajlouni R, Denehy G. The effect of saliva contamination on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets when using a self-etch primer. Angle Orthod 2002;72:554-7
  18. Cacciafesta V, Sfondrini MF, De Angelis M, Scribante A, Klersy C. Effect of water and saliva contamination on shear bond strength of brackets bonded with conventional, hydrophilic, and self-etching primers. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003;123:633-40 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-5406(03)00198-7
  19. Zeppieri IL, Chung CH, Mante FK. Effect of saliva on shear bond strength of an orthodontic adhesive used with moisture-insensitive and self-etching primers. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003;124:414-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-5406(03)00405-0
  20. Nam EH, Yoon YA, Kim IK. Change in shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets using self-etching primer according to adhesive types and saliva contamination. Korean J Orthod 2005;35:433-42
  21. Ahn YP, Kim HY, Jeon YM, Kim JG. Shear bond strength of metal orthodontic brackets bonded with Self-Etching Primer. Korean J Orthod 2003;33:51-61
  22. Perdigao J, Lopes L, Lambrechts P, Leitao J, Van Meerbeek B, Vanherle G. Effects of a self-etching primer on enamel shear bond strengths and SEM morphology. Am J Dent 1997;10:141-6
  23. Imazato S, Imai T, Ebisu S. Antibacterial activity of proprietary self-etching primers. Am J Dent 1998;11:106-8
  24. International Organization for standardization. Dental materials-guidance on testing of adhesion to tooth structure. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization (ISO),TR 11405; 1994. p.1-14
  25. Artun J, Bergland S. Clinical trials with crystal growth conditioning as an alternative to acid-etch enamel pretreatment. Am J Orthod 1984;85:333-40 https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(84)90190-8
  26. Surmont P, Dermaut L, Martens L, Moors M. Comparison in shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets between five bonding systems related to different etching times: an in vitro study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1992;101:414-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(92)70114-P
  27. Gorelick L, Geiger AM, Gwinnett AJ. Incidence of white spot formation after bonding and banding. Am J Orthod 1982;81:93-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(82)90032-X
  28. Brown CR, Way DC. Enamel loss during orthodontic bonding and subsequent loss during removal of filled and unfilled adhesives. Am J Orthod 1978;74:663-71 https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(78)90005-2
  29. O'Reilly MM, Featherstone JD. Demineralization and remineralization around orthodontic appliances: an in vivo study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1987;92:33-40 https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(87)90293-9
  30. Zachrisson BU, Arthun J. Enamel surface appearance after various debonding techniques. Am J Orthod 1979;75:121-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(79)90181-7
  31. Sfondrini MF, Cacciafesta V, Pistorio A, Sfondrini G. Effects of conventional and high-intensity light-curing on enamel shear bond strength of composite resin and resin-modified glass-ionomer. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2001;119:30-5 https://doi.org/10.1067/mod.2001.111399
  32. Bishara SE, Ajlouni R, Oonsomabat C. Evaluation of a new curing light on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets. Angle Orthod 2003;73:431-5
  33. Ashcraft DB, Staley RN, Jakobsen JR. Fluoride release and shear bond strengths of three light-cured glass ionomer cements. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1997;111:260-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-5406(97)70183-5
  34. Berry TG, Barghi N, Knight GT, Conn LJ Jr. Effectiveness of nitric-NPG as a conditioning agent for enamel. Am J Dent 1990;3:59-62
  35. Meehan MP, Foley TF, Mamandras AH. A comparison of the shear bond strengths of two glass ionomer cements. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1999;115:125-32 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-5406(99)70338-0
  36. Lalani N, Foley TF, Voth R, Banting D, Mamandras A. Polymerization with the argon laser: curing time and shear bond strength. Angle Orthod 2000;70:28-33
  37. Reynolds IR. A review of direct orthodontic bonding. Br J Orthod 1975;2:171-8 https://doi.org/10.1080/0301228X.1975.11743666
  38. Lopez JI. Retentive shear strengths of various bonding attachment bases. Am J Orthod 1980;77:669-78 https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(80)90158-X
  39. Knoll M, Gwinnett AJ, Wolff MS. Shear strength of brackets bonded to anterior and posterior teeth. Am J Orthod 1986;89:476-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(86)90003-5
  40. Retief DH. Failure at the dental adhesive-etched enamel interface. J Oral Rehabil 1974;1:265-84 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1974.tb01438.x
  41. Sunna S, Rock WP. Clinical performance of orthodontic brackets and adhesive systems: a randomized clinical trial. Br J Orthod 1998;25:283-7 https://doi.org/10.1093/ortho/25.4.283
  42. Cal-Neto JP, Miguel JA, Zanella E. Effect of a self-etching primer on shear bond strength of adhesive precoated brackets in vivo. Angle Orthod 2006;76:127-31
  43. Turk T, Elekdag-Turk S, Isci D. Effects of self-etching primer on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets at different debond times. Angle Orthod 2007;77:108-12 https://doi.org/10.2319/011606-22R.1
  44. Romano FL, Tavares SW, Nouer DF, Consani S, Borges de Araujo Magnani MB. Shear bond strength of metallic orthodontic brackets bonded to enamel prepared with Self-Etching Primer. Angle Orthod 2005;75:849-53
  45. Britton JC, McInnes P, Weinberg R, Ledoux WR, Retief DH. Shear bond strength of ceramic orthodontic brackets to enamel. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1990;98:348-53 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-5406(05)81492-1