2003년 남서부산간고냉지 벼 저온피해 실태분석

A Survey on Low Temperature Injury of Rice at South-Western Alpine Area of Korea in 2003

  • 박홍규 (작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 최원영 (작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 백남현 (작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 남정권 (작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 김기영 (작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 김상수 (작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 김정곤 (작물과학원 호남농업연구소)
  • Park H.K. (Honam Agricultural Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Choi W.Y. (Honam Agricultural Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Back N.H. (Honam Agricultural Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Nam J.K. (Honam Agricultural Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Kim K.Y. (Honam Agricultural Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Kim S.S. (Honam Agricultural Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Kim C.K. (Honam Agricultural Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science)
  • 발행 : 2006.09.01

초록

이상기후에 의한 재해환경 대응 및 대책자료로 활용하고자 2003년 남부 산간고냉지를 중심으로 발생한 저온 피해에 대한 원인과 특성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 남부산간고냉지(운봉)의 생식생장기 평균기온은 $19.7^{\circ}C$로 평년대비 $3.1^{\circ}C$낮았고, 일조시간은 79시간으로 평년대비 49% 수준으로 경과되었으며, 냉해가 발생한 시기는 유수형성기인 6월 하순부터 감수분열기인 7월 중순까지로 이 시기의 기온이 $17^{\circ}C$이하의 저온으로 경과하여 장해영 냉해가 발생하였다. 지역별 저온 피해면적은 남원 2,723ha 순창 510ha, 진안 300ha, 장수 210ha이었으며, 이들 지역의 평균 불임율은 44%이었다. 이앙시기에 따른 불임율은 5월 20일경에 적기 이앙재배를 한 경우 $16%{\sim}58%$로, 4월 하순에 조기이앙재배시의 $29%{\sim}83%$에 비해 낮았으며, 오대벼, 운봉벼 진부벼 등의 품종이 저온피해 정도가 적었다. 따라서 냉해가 우려되는 지역에서는 기상조사 및 분석에 의한 벼 재배 작기를 고려하고, 가급적 지나친 조기 이앙을 지양하며, 내냉성이 강한 품종을 재배하여야 할 것으로 생각된다.

This survey was carried out to investigate the characteristics of low temperature injury in rice plants at a southwestern alpine area of Korea in 2003. During vegetative, reproductive, and ripening stage in a southwestern alpine area, mean air temperature was lower by 0.4, 3.1 and $1.7^{\circ}C$, respectively, as compared to those of a normal year, Minimum air temperature during the reproductive and ripening stage was lower by 2.6 and $1.7^{\circ}C$, respectively, as compared to those of a normal year, Sunshine hours during vegetative, reproductive, and ripening stage were lower by 40.6, 81.3 and 8.4 hours, respectively, than those of a normal year. Spikelet-sterility type cold injury occurred from the latter part of June to the middle of July, which is from panicle formation stage to meiosis stage, at temperatures less than $17^{\circ}C$. Spikelet sterility under normal transplanting (May 20) ranged from 16 to 58%, which was lower than that under early transplanting in the latter part of April (29 to 83%). The total area impacted by cold damage was 2,723ha in Namwon, 510ha in Sunchang, 300ha in Jinan, 250ha in Muju, and 210ha in Jangsu. Average spiklet sterility in these regions was 44%. Rice cultivars Odaebyeo, Unbongbyeo, and Jinbubyeo showed greater tolerance to low temperature than CV, Chugwangbyeo.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. 권순국, 권용웅, 1986: 농업재해와 방제과학 Workshop. 한국기술단체 연합회. 35-47
  2. 농림부, 2004: 농림업 주요통계. 246p
  3. 농진청, 1981: 수도냉해실태분석과 종합기술대책. 56-75
  4. Choi, H. O. and J. H. Lee, 1976: Studies on low temperature injury at each growth stage in rice plant. Korean Journal of Crop Science 21(2), 203-210. (in Korean with English abstract)
  5. Kim, D. K., Y. T. Jung, and R. K. Park, 1981: Effect of nitrogen and balanced application of NPK on the low temperature injury of paddy rice. Korea Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer 14(4), 201-209. (in Korean with English abstract)
  6. Kim, H. D., S. H. Kwon, T. Satake, B. H. Kim, and D. W. Ree, 1989: Influence of water temperature and depths on the occurrence of the sterile-type cold damage and growth in rice plants (Oryza sativa L.). Research Report of Rural Development Administration(rice) 31(2), 35-49. (in Korean with English abstract)
  7. Kim, K. S., J. R. Kim, H. S. Ji, J. H. Ko, M. A. Lee, D. Y. Kim, Y. B. Shin, and S. U. Park, 1995: A Survey on cool weather injury of rice at alpine area of kangwon provence in 1993. Rural Development Administration Journal of agricultural Science 37(2), 74-89. (in Korean with English abstract)
  8. Kim, Y. J., S. I. Choi, J. S. Ra, and J. H. Lee, 1982: Studies on the growth and nutrient uptake of flag leaf and chaff of rice plant in cold injury location. II. Influence of different transplanting date on nutrient uptake of flag leaf and chaff of rice plant. Korean Journal of Crop Science 27(3), 206-217. (in Korean with English abstract)
  9. Kim, Y. J., S. I. Choi, J. S. Ra, and J. H. Lee, 1983: Studies on the growth and nutrient uptake of flag leaf and chaff of rice plant in cold injury location. III. Influence of different nitrogen and silicate application on nutrient uptake of flag leaf and chaff of rice plant. Korean Journal of Crop Science 28(1), 81-88. (in Korean with English abstract)
  10. Lee, S. Y., S. S. Kim, J. S. Choi, Y. K. Choi, K. Y. Lee, M. S. Lee, and T. Murakami, 1988: Influence of cultural methods and climatic condition on rice yield in the southern plain area and alpine area. Research Report of Rural Development Administration(rice) 30(2), 25-31. (in Korean with English abstract)
  11. Matsushima, S., 1957: Analysis of development factors determining yield and predication in lowland rice. Bulletin of the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences. Series A 5, 1-271
  12. Satake, D. O., 1971: Sterility of rice in sterile-type cold damage. Agriculture and Horticulture 46(11), 1534-1538
  13. Satake, T. and H. Hayase, 1970: Male sterility caused by cooling treatment at the young microspore stage in rice plants. V. Estimations of pollen developmental stage and the most sensitive stage to coolness. Proceeding of Crop Science Society of Japan 39(4), 468-473
  14. Satake, T. and H. Hayase, 1974: Male sterility caused by cooling treatment at the young microspore stage in rice plants. X. A secondary sensitive stage at the beginning of meiosis. Proceeding of Crop Science Society of Japan 43(1), 36-39