Hydroponic Culture Possibility and Optimal Solution Strength of 'Pechika' Ever-bearing Strawberry on Highland in Summer

사계성 페치카' 딸기의 고랭지 여름철 양액재배 가능성 및 적정 양액농도 검토

  • Rhee Han-Cheol (Protected Horticultural Experiment Station, NHRI, RDA) ;
  • Kang Nam-Jun (Protected Horticultural Experiment Station, NHRI, RDA) ;
  • Rho Il-Rae (Protected Horticultural Experiment Station, NHRI, RDA) ;
  • Jung Ho-Jung (Protected Horticultural Experiment Station, NHRI, RDA) ;
  • Kwon Joon-Kook (Protected Horticultural Experiment Station, NHRI, RDA) ;
  • Kang Kyung-Hee (Protected Horticultural Experiment Station, NHRI, RDA) ;
  • Lee Jae-Han (Protected Horticultural Experiment Station, NHRI, RDA) ;
  • Lee Sung-Chan (Protected Horticultural Experiment Station, NHRI, RDA)
  • 이한철 (원예연구소 시설원예시험장) ;
  • 강남준 (원예연구소 시설원예시험장) ;
  • 노일래 (원예연구소 시설원예시험장) ;
  • 정호정 (원예연구소 시설원예시험장) ;
  • 권준국 (원예연구소 시설원예시험장) ;
  • 강경희 (원예연구소 시설원예시험장) ;
  • 이재한 (원예연구소 시설원예시험장) ;
  • 이성찬 (원예연구소 시설원예시험장)
  • Published : 2006.09.01

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the hydroponic culture possibility and the optimal solution strength of 'Pechika' ever-bearing strawberry in summer highland. Maximum room temperature and minimum root zone temperature of plastic house were $30.8^{\circ}C\;and\;19^{\circ}C$ in highland respectively and $4^{\circ}C\;and\;3^{\circ}C$ lower than in level and. The growth of 'Pechika' was better in highland. There was effective in producing the good yield and fruit quality in highland and the deformed fruits also were decreased. The soluble solid and titratable acidity content increased in highland. Early growth was the most effective in standard solution $(EC\;0.75dS\;m^{-1})$ and had a tendency to be inhibition with increasing nutrient concentration. Standard solution was also the highest to yield about 2,064kg/10a among treatments, and 2/3S, 4/3S, 5/3S by turns. The browning roots and root activity increased when the solution strength was increased, especially in EC $1.25dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. The soluble solids and acidity content of fruits were increased with higher solution strength. Therefor, the summer hydroponic culture of 'Pechika' ever-bearing strawberry was suitable in highland and effective in standard solution $(EC\;0.75dS{\cdot}m^{-1})$ in solution control.

수출 유망작목인 사철딸기의 페치카 품종을 이용하여 코랭지(해발 약 800m)의 여름 생산(6-9월) 가능성과 고설벤취식 양액재배의 적합한 양액관리 농도를 검토한 결과가 아래와 같다. 고랭지한천)에서는 평지(분산)보다 하우스내 상온이 $4^{\circ}C$ 정도 낮았고 야간온도가 $1^{\circ}C$ 정도 낮았다. 근권온도는 고랭지(최고 $25.5^{\circ}C$, 최저 $19^{\circ}C$)가 평지보다 평균 $3^{\circ}C$ 정도 낮았다. 초기생육(엽수, 엽장, 엽폭, 생체중 등)은 고랭지에서 평지보다 좋았으며 기형과 발생율도 낮았다. 주당과 중은 고랭지에서 평지에 비해 많았으며 특히 수출규격품 과실$(8{\sim}15g)$중도 높았다. 총수량은 고랭지에서 2,967kg/10a로 평지에 비해 52%증수하였으며 과실의 가용성 고형물과 유기산 함량이 높았고 Citric acid가 95% 이상이었다. 양액농도 관리에서는 S(EC $0.75dS\;m^{-1}$)에서 생체중 생육이 가장 좋았으며 양액농도가 증가할수록 억제되는 경향이었다. 특히 5/3S(EC $1.25dS\;m^{-1}$)에서는 뿌리의 갈변이 심하고 근활력이 낮았다. 총수량은 S(EC $0.75dS\;m^{-1}$)에서 2,064kg/10a로 가장 많았으며 양액농도와 수량간의 추세선은 $y=-808{\times}2+967x+1703$($R^2=0.7994$, 꼭지점 =3/5S)였다. 이상의 결과에서 페치카의 여름재배에 알맞은 양액농도(EC)는 3/5S이고, $1.0dS\;m^{-1}$ 이상에서는 과실의 당도는 높아지나 기형과의 발생이 많으므로 낮은 농도로 관리하는 것이 유리한 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Chi, S.H., K.B. Ann, S.W. Park, and J.I. Chang. 1998. Effect of ionic strength of nutrient solution on the growth and fruit yield in hydroponically grown strawberry plant. J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 39:166-169
  2. Hohjo, M. and T. Ito. 1990. Nutritional absorption, growth and yield of strawberry plant grown in nutrient film technique. Tech. Bull. Fac. Hort. Chiba. Univ. 43:129-134
  3. Jeong, C.S., Y.R. Yeung, I.S. Kim, S.S. Kim, and D.H. Cho. 1996. Effect of $CO_{2}$ enrichment on the net photosynthesis, yield content of sugar and organic acid in strawberry fruits. J. Kor. Soc. Hore. Sci. 37:736-740
  4. Jeong, S.K. Choi, K.H. Cha, H.J. Chung, and K.S. Seo. 2000. Deficiency symptom, growth characteristics, and nutrient uptake of 'Nyoho' strawberry as affected by controlled phosphorus concentrations in fertilizer solution. J. Kor. Soc., Hort. Sci. 41:345-349
  5. Jeong, S.K. J.M. Choi, K.H. Cha, H.J. Chung, J.S. Choi, and K.S. Seo. 2001. Deficiency symptom, growth characteristics, and nutrient uptake of 'Nyoho' strawberry as affected by controlled calcium concentrations in fertilizer solution. J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 42:284-288
  6. Lee, J.N., E.H. Lee, W.B. Kim, M.R. Lee, S.J. Hong, and Y.R. Yeoung. 2005b. Changes in productivity and fruit quality of ever-bearing strawberries during summer culture in highland. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 23:159-163
  7. Lee, J.N., J.G. Lee, E.H. Lee, S.Y. Ryu, Y.R. Yeoung, and H.Y. Park. 2005a. Growth response on ever-bearing strawberry for off-season production in highlands. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 23:153-158
  8. Lee, T.S. and Y.S. Chi. 1989. Studies on the change in chemical composition of strawberry during maturing. J. Kor. Agr. Agr. Chem. Soc. 32:232-239
  9. Okimura, M. 2000. Habit of flower bud formation and breeding of everbearing and intermediate types strawberries in japan. Proceeding of Japanese strawberry seminar. 9:15-23
  10. Ra, S.W., W.S. Kim, C.S. Moon, K.H. Han, I.S. Woo, T.H. Rho, and Y.K. Hong. 1995. Economic analysis of ever-bearing strawberry cultivation for summer season production. RDA. J. Agri. Sci. 37:665-668
  11. Ra, S.W., W.S. Kim, C.S. Moon, I.S. Woo, S.H Oh, and T.H. Rho. 1996a. Yield and quality of 'Samahberi' ever-bearing strawberry for off-season production by cultivated area. RDA. J. Agri. Sci. 38:439-442
  12. Rural Development Administration(RDA). 2001. Standard farming textbook (strawberry cultivation)
  13. Wang, Y.H. and S. Tachibana. 1996. Growth and mineral nutrition of cucumber seedlings as affected by elevated air and root-zone temperatures. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 64:845-852 https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.64.845
  14. Yamazaki, K. 1981. The whole book of hydroponic culture. Hakuyusha
  15. Yoon, H.K. and K.C. Yoo. 1992. Photosynthetic character at various growing stages in strawberry. J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 33:16-20