The Effects of Air-borne Particulate Matters on the Alveolar Macrophages for the TNF-α and IL-1β Secretion

미세분진이 흰쥐의 폐포대식세포에서 TNF-α와 IL-1β의 형성에 미치는 효과

  • Received : 2005.12.13
  • Accepted : 2006.05.02
  • Published : 2006.05.30

Abstract

Background: PM is known to induce various pulmonary diseases, including asthma, cancer, fibrosis and chronic bronchitis. Despite the epidemiological evidence the pathogenesis of PM-related pulmonary diseases is unclear. Methods: This study examined the effects of PM exposure on the secretion of $TNF-{\alpha}$ and $IL-1{\beta}$ in the cultured alveolar macrophages. The cultured primary alveolar macrophages were treated with the medium, PM ($5{\sim}20{\mu}g/cm^2$), LPS (5ng/ml), and PM with LPS for 24h and 48h respectively. ELISA was used to assay the secreted $TNF-{\alpha}$ and $IL-{\beta}$ in the culture medium. Western blotting was used to identify and determine the level of proteins isolated from the culture cells. The cells cultured in the $Lab-Tek^{(R)}$ chamber slides were stained with immunocytochemical stains. Results: PM induced $TNF-{\alpha}$ and $IL-1{\beta}$ secretion in the culturing alveolar macrophages, collected from the SPF and inflammatory rats. However, the effects were only dose-dependent in the inflammatory macrophages. When the cells were co-treated with PM and LPS, there was a significant synergistic effect compared with the LPS in the both cell types. Conclusion: PM might be play an important role in the induction and/or potentiation of various lung diseases by oversecretion of $TNF-{\alpha}$ and $IL-1{\beta}$.

연구 배경: 대도시의 대기오염은 점차 악화되어 시민의 건강을 위협하고, 심 폐 질환의 발병률과 이 로 인한 사망률을 증가시키고 있다. 서울시 도로가의 PM이 $TNF-{\alpha}$$IL-1{\beta}$의 생성에 직접적으로 어떠한 영향을 미치는지와 PM의 노출이 LPS의 $TNF-{\alpha}$$IL-1{\beta}$의 생성효과에는 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 평가하고자 하였다. 방 법: 폐렴이 있는 흰쥐와 SPF 흰쥐의 폐포대식세포 각각에 PM을 농도별로 처리하여 분비되는 $TNF-{\alpha}$$IL-1{\beta}$의 농도를 측정하였다. 측정 방법으로는 western blot, ELISA 및 세포면역화학염색법을 이용하였다. 또한 동일 PM 농도에서 배양시간을 달리하여 위와 같이 측정하였다. 결 과: SPF인 흰쥐에서 분리된 페포대식세포에 PM을 단독으로 투여하였을 때 대조군에 비해서 $TNF-{\alpha}$$IL-1{\beta}$의 생성도가 모든 투여군에서 유의하게 증가하였으나, 투여용량의 증가에 따른 유의성은 없었다. 그러나 염증성인 쥐에서 분리된 폐포대식세포에서는 모든 투여군에서 대조군에 비하여 통계학적으로 유의하게 증가하였으며, PM 투여농도의 증가에 따른 생성량도 유의하게 증가하였다. 결 론: PM을 장기간 혹은 일정 농도 이상으로 흡입할 경우 폐포대식세포의 $TNF-{\alpha}$$IL-1{\beta}$의 분비에 영향을 미쳐 새로운 폐질환을 유발할 수 있다. 그러므로 기존에 염증성 폐질환이나 기관지천식이 있는 환자가 미세먼지를 흡입할 경우에는 $TNF-{\alpha}$$IL-1{\beta}$의 생성에 커다란 영향을 미쳐 호흡기 질환을 더욱 악화시킬 가능성이 있을 것으로 추정된다.

Keywords

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