References
- Ackerley, D. F., C. F. Gonzalez, C. H. Park, R. Blake II, M. Keyhan, and A. Matin. 2004. Chromate-reducing properties of soluble flavoproteins from Pseudomonas putida and Escherichia coli. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70: 873-882 https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.2.873-882.2004
- Ackerley, D. F., C. F. Gonzalez, M. Keyhan, R. Blake II, and A. Matin. 2004. Mechanism of chromate reduction by the Escherichia coli protein, NfsA, and the role of different chromate reductases in minimizing oxidative stress during chromate reduction. Environ. Microbiol. 6: 851-860 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2004.00639.x
- Blake II, R. C., D. M. Choate, S. Bardhan, N. Revis, L. L. Barton, and T. G. Zocco. 1993. Chemical transformation of toxic metals by a Pseudomonas strain from a toxic waste site. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 12: 1365-1376 https://doi.org/10.1897/1552-8618(1993)12[1365:CTOTMB]2.0.CO;2
-
Camargo, F. A. O., B. C. Okeke, F. M. Bento, and W. T. Frankenberger. 2003. In vitro reduction of hexavalent chromium by a cell-free extract of Bacillus sp. ES 29 stimulated by
$Cu^{2+}$ . Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 62: 569-573 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-003-1291-x - Charity, J. C., K. Pak, C. F. Delwiche, and S. W. Hutcheson. 2003. Novel exchangeable effector loci associated with the Pseudomonas syringae hrp pathogenicity island: From transposed gene cassettes. Molec. Plant-Microbe Interact. 16: 495-507 https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI.2003.16.6.495
-
Cheung, K. H. and J.-D. Gu. 2003. Reduction of chromate (
$CrO_{4}^{2-}$ ) by an enrichment consortium and an isolate of marine sulfate-reducing bacteria. Chemosphere 52: 1523-1529 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00491-0 - Cheung, K. H. and J.-D. Gu, 2005. Chromate reduction by Bacillus megaterium TKW3 isolated from marine sediments. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 21: 213-219 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-004-3619-9
- Daniels, L., R. S. Hanson, and J. A. Phillips. 1994. Chemical analysis, pp. 512-554. In P. Gerhardt, R. G. E. Murray, W. A. Wood, and N. R. Kried (eds.), Methods for General and Molecular Bacteriology. American Society for Microbiology, Washington DC
- Ehrlich, H. L. 2002. Geomicrobiology, p. 768. 4th Ed. Marcel Dekker, New York, U.S.A
- Gibb, H. J., P. S. J. Lees, P. F. Pinsky, and B. C. Rooney. 2000. Lung cancer among workers in chromium chemical production. Am. J. Industr. Med. 38: 115-126 https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0274(200008)38:2<115::AID-AJIM1>3.0.CO;2-Y
- Gu, J.-D., R. Mitchell, B. Mitton, and T. E. Ford. 1998. Microbial degradation of polymeric protective coatings determined by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Biodegradation 9: 39-45 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008252301377
- Ishibashi, Y., C. Cervantes, and S. Silver. 1990. Chromium reduction in Pseudomonas putida. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56: 2268-2270
- Kato, H. J. and H. Ohtake. 1991. Effects of heavy metal cations on chromate reduction by Enterobacter cloacae strain HO1. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 37: 519-522 https://doi.org/10.2323/jgam.37.519
- Kwak, Y. H., D. S. Lee, and H. B. Kim. 2003. Vibrio harveyi nitroreductase is also a chromate reductase. Appl. Environ.Microbiol. 69: 4390-4395 https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.8.4390-4395.2003
- Michel, C., M. Brugna, C. Aubert, A. Bernadac, and M. Bruschi. 2001. Enzymatic reduction of chromate: Comparative studies using sulfate-reducing bacteria. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 55: 95-100 https://doi.org/10.1007/s002530000467
- Park, C.-H., D. Gonzalez, D. Ackerley, M. Keyhan, and A. Matin. 2002. Molecular engineering of soluble bacterial proteins with chromate reductase activity, pp. 103-111. In M. Pellei, A. Porta, and R. E. Hinchee (eds.), Remediation and Beneficial Reuse of Contaminated Sediments, vol. 3. Batelle Press, Columbus, Ohio
- Park, C. H., M. Keyhan, B. Wielinga, S. Fendorf, and A. Matin. 2000. Purification to homogeneity and characterization of a novel Pseudomonas putida chromate reductase. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66: 1788-1795 https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.66.5.1788-1795.2000
- Ryan, M. P., D. E. Williams, R. J. Chater, B. M. Hutton, and D. S. McPhail. 2002. Why stainless steel corrodes. Nature (London) 415: 770-774 https://doi.org/10.1038/415770a
- Sambrook, J., E. F. Fritsch, and T. Maniatis. 1989. Small scale preparations of plasmid DNA, pp. 1.25-31. In N. Ford, C. Nolan, and M. Ferguson (eds.), Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 2nd Ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, U.S.A
- Shen, H. and Y.-T. Wang. 1993. Characterization of enzymatic reduction of hexavalent chromium by Escherichia coli ATCC 33456. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59: 3771-3777
- Spiers, A. J., A. Buckling, and P. B. Rainey. 2000. The causes of Pseudomonas diversity. Microbiology 146: 2345-2350 https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-146-10-2345
- Suzuki, T., N. Miyata, H. Horitsu, K. Kawai, K. Takamizawa, Y. Tai, and M. Okazaki. 1992. NAD(P)H-dependent chromium(VI) reductase of Pseudomonas ambigua G-1: A Cr(V) intermediate is formed during the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III). J. Bacteriol. 174: 5340-5345 https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.174.16.5340-5345.1992
- Turick, C. E., W. A. Apel, and N. S. Carmiol. 1996. Isolation of hexavalent chromium-reducing anaerobes from hexavalentchromium- contaminated and noncontaminated environments. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 44: 683-688 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00172503
- Urone, P. F. 1955. Stability of colorimetric reagent for chromium, s-diphenylcarbazide, in various solvents. Analyt. Chem. 27: 1354-1355 https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60104a048
- Venitt, S. and L. S. Levy. 1974. Mutagenicity of chromates in bacteria and its relevance to chromate carcinogenesis. Nature (London) 250: 493-495 https://doi.org/10.1038/250493a0
- Wang, Y. 2003. Isolation and characterization of environmental Vibrio species from Mai Po Nature Reserve, Hong Kong. M.Phil. Thesis. Department of Ecology & Biodiversity, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR
- Wang, P.-C., T. Mori, K. Toda, and H. Ohtake. 1990. Membrane-associated chromate reductase activity from Enterobacter cloacae. J. Bacteriol. 172: 1670-1672 https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.172.3.1670-1672.1990
- Xu, X.-R., H.-B. Li, X.-Y. Li, and J.-D. Gu. 2004. Reduction of hexavalent chromium by ascorbic acid in aqueous solutions. Chemosphere 57: 609-613 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.07.031
- Zehr, J. P. and R. S. Oremland. 1987. Reduction of selenate to selenide by sulfate-respiring bacteria: Experiments with cell suspensions and estuarine sediments. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 53: 1365-1369