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Nutrients and Antioxidant Activity of Red Seaweeds

홍조류의 영양 성분과 항산화 활성

  • Shin Jung-Hye (Dept. of Hotel Curinary arts & Bakery, Namhae College) ;
  • Choi Duk-Ju (Dept. of Hotel Curinary arts & Bakery, Namhae College) ;
  • Lim Hyun-Cheol (Yeongnam Food-Service Consulting Co.) ;
  • Seo Jong-Kwon (Division of Food Science, Jinju International University) ;
  • Lee Soo-Jung (Dept. of Food Scienre and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Choi Sun-Young (Dept. of Food Scienre and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Sung Nak-Ju (Dept. of Food Scienre and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 신정혜 (남해전문대학 호텔조리제빵과) ;
  • 최덕주 (남해전문대학 호텔조리제빵과) ;
  • 임현철 (영남외식산업 컨설팅) ;
  • 서종권 (진주국제대학교 식품과학부) ;
  • 이수정 (경상대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 최선영 (경상대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 성낙주 (경상대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Published : 2006.06.01

Abstract

Nutritional components of 4 kinds of red seaweeds, Meristotheca papulosa, Chondrus ocellatus, Gracilaria verrucosa, Gigartina tenella, were investigated to elucidate their functionality. Antioxidant activity and nitrite scavenging activity were analyzed from 70% ethanol extracted from these red seaweeds. Large difference in ash contents was found to exhibit among all samples analyzed in this study; $9.8{\pm}0.2g/100g$ for Gracilaria verrucosa and Gigartina tenella for $17.8{\pm}0.6g/100g$. While its crude fiber content was almost the same as those in other sample within a range between $2.0{\pm}0.4g/100g$ and $6.0{\pm}0.7g/100g$. Phenolic compounds content of Gracilaria verrucosa was also the highest as $78.4{\pm}1.0mg/g$, while the total flavonoids contents of Chondrus ocellatus and Gracilaria verrucosa were $14.9{\pm}0.5mg/g$ and $13.9{\pm}0.8mg/g$, respectively. These amounts were two folds higher than Meristotheca papulosa and Gigartina tenella. The total content of minerals was the highest in Meristotheca papulosa(12,107.7 mg/kg). The amount of glutamic acid was relatively high despite of small variation in measured levels of composition amino acid ($49.1{\sim}125.6mg/g$) for most samples investigated. SOD-like ability was significantly increased with increasing sample concentration, but its activity was lower. Gigartina tenella with highest electron donation ability exhibited increases in activity as $53.96{\pm}0.98%$ in concentration of 250 ${\mu}g/ml$ and $70.52{\pm}1.09%$ in 1000 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively. In case of concentration of 100 ${\mu}g/ml$, particularly, the level of hydroxy radical scavenging activity were $57.87{\pm}1.70{\sim}62.07{\pm}0.87%$ which was significantly higher activity than ascorbic acid and BHT. Nitrite scavenging activity was the highest in Gracilaria verrucosa. Its activity was also increased from $24.04{\pm}1.9{\sim}27.52{\pm}0.82%$ in $100{\sim}500{\mu}g/ml$ concentration tp $34.81{\pm}1.36%$ in concentration of 1000 ${\mu}g/ml$.

갈래곰보(Meristotheca papulosa (Montagne) Kylin), 진두발 (Chondrus ocellatus, Holmes), 꼬시래기(Gracilaria verrucosa (Hudson) Papenfuss) 및 돌가사리(Gigartina tenella, Harvey) 를 대상으로 영양성분을 분석하고, 에탄을 추출물의 항산화 및 아질산염 소거 활성을 실험함으로서 그 기능성을 규명하고자 하였다. 회분의 함량은 시료간의 차가 커 꼬시래기의 경우 $9.8{\pm}0.2g/100g$이었으나 돌가사리는 $17.8{\pm}0.6g/100g$으로 가장 높은 함량이었다. 조섬유의 함량은 $2.0{\pm}0.4{\sim}6.0{\pm}0.7\;g/100g$의 범위였다. 페놀화합물은 꼬시래기에서 $78.4{\pm}1.0mg/g$으로 가장 높은 함량이었으며, 총 플라보노이드의 함량은 진두발과 꼬시래기에서 각각 $14.9{\pm}0.5mg/g$$13.9{\pm}0.8mg/g$으로 정량되어 갈래곰보와 돌가사리에 비해 약 2배 정도 더 높은 함량이었다. 무기물의 총 함량은 갈래곰보에서 12,107.7 mg/kg으로 가장 높았다. 구성 아미노산은 $49.1{\sim}125.6mg/g$으로 시료에 따른 함량 차가 켰으며 대부분의 시료에서 glutamic acid의 함량이 가장 높게 정량되었다. SOD 유사활성은 시료의 농도가 증가함에 따라 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으나 전체적인 활성은 낮았다. 전자공여능이 가장 높은 돌가사리의 경우 $250{\mu}g/ml$농도에서 $53.96{\pm}0.98%$로 50% 이상의 활성을 보였으며 1000 ${\mu}g/ml$농도에서는 $70.52{\pm}1.09%$로 그 활성이 증가하였다. 100 ${\mu}g/ml$의 농도에서는 시료들의 hydroxy radical 소거활성은 $57.87{\pm}1.70{\sim}62.07{\pm}0.87%$의 범위로 ascorbic acid나 BHT에 비해 유의적으로 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 아질산염 소거능은 꼬시래기에서 가장 높았는데 $100{\sim}500{\mu}g/ml$ 농도에서는 $24.04{\pm}1.9{\sim}27.52{\pm}0.82%$의 범위였으나 1000 ${\mu}g/ml$ 농도에서는 $34.81{\pm}1.36%$로 증가하였다. 이상의 항산화 활성을 평가한 결과 본 실험에 사용된 홍조류 4종은 전자공여능과 hydroxy radical 소거활성이 우수하였다.

Keywords

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