Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Performance of Growing Goats Fed Urea Sprayed Maize Stover and Supplemented with Graded Levels of Tithonia Diversifolia

  • Wambui, C.C. (Department of Animal Science, Egerton University) ;
  • Abdulrazak, S.A. (Department of Animal Science, Egerton University) ;
  • Noordin, Q. (World Agroforestry Centre)
  • Received : 2005.07.04
  • Accepted : 2005.12.08
  • Published : 2006.07.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

A study was carried out to examine the effect of supplementing urea-sprayed maize stover with incremental levels of Tithonia diversifolia (Tithonia) forage on dry matter (DM) intake, digestibility and live weight changes. Fifteen crossbred bucks were used in a completely randomised design for a duration of 7 weeks. The treatments comprised of a control: the basal diet (maize stover sprayed with 1% urea) plus 100 g maize germ offered alone or supplemented with: 10 (T1), 20 (T2), 30 (T3) or 40% (T4) Tithonia on a dry matter basis. All animals were allowed ad libitum access to water and mineral lick. Supplementing maize stover with Tithonia resulted in increased total DM intake (p<0.05) from 376.7 (control), to 444.1 (T1), 533.1 (T2), 519.7 (T3) and 578.9 g/day (T4) but did not significantly (p>0.05) influence the intake of stover. Diet DM digestibility increased with supplementation with T3 recording the highest value of 66.5% which was 10.6% higher than the control. Supplementation significantly increased daily weight gains (p<0.05). T4 had the highest ADG (43.7 g/day), even though there was no difference between T4 and T3 (35.7 g/day). In goats, Tithonia should be included up to 30% of ration on a DM basis for optimum production. The higher level of inclusion (40%) may be used for higher total output in terms of meat and milk but with few animals.

Keywords

References

  1. Abdulrazak, S. A. and T. Fujihara. 1999. Animal Nutrition: A laboratory manual. Kashiwangi Printing Company. Matsue-shi, Japan
  2. Abdulrazak, S. A., R. W. Muinga, W. Thorpe and E. R. Orskov. 1997. Supplementation with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary food intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation and live-weight gain of crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover. Livest. Prod. Sci. 49:53-62 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(97)00018-3
  3. Abdulrazak, S. A., R. W. Muinga, W. Thorpe and E. R. Orskov. 1996. Supplementation with Gliricidia and Leucaena on forage intake, digestion, and live-weight gains of Bos taurus$\times$Bos indicus steers offered Napier grass. Anim. Sci. 63:381-388 https://doi.org/10.1017/S1357729800015265
  4. AOAC. 1990. Official Methods of Analysis. 15th edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, Virginia
  5. Barry, T. N., T. R. Manley and J. S. Duncan. 1984. The role of condensed tannins in the nutritional value of Lotus pedunculatus L for sheep voluntary intake. Br. J. Nutr. 55:123-137
  6. Devendra, C. 1988. Forage supplements: Nutritional significance and utilisation for draught, meat and milk production in buffaloes. In: (A. Speedy and P. Pugliese), Legume trees and other fodder trees as protein sources for livestock. FAO Animal Production and Health Paper 102. FAO, Rome, pp. 95-114
  7. Gachengo, C. N. 1996. Phosphorus release and availability on organic materials to phosphorus fixing soils. M.Sc. Thesis, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
  8. Gachengo, C. N., C. A. Palm, B. Jama and C. Othieno. 1999. Tithonia and senna green manures and inorganic fertilisers as phosphorus sources for maize in western Kenya. Agroforestry Syst. 44:21-36 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006123404071
  9. Hindrichsen, I. K., P. O. Osuji, A. A. Odenyo, J. Madsen and T. Hvelplund. 2004. Effect of supplementation of maize stover with foliage of various tropical multipurpose trees and Lablab purpureus on intake, rumen fermentation, digesta kinetics and microbial protein supply of sheep. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 113:83-96 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2003.10.017
  10. Jama, B., C. A. Palm, R. J. Buresh, A. Niang, C. Gachengo, G. Nziguheba and B. Amadalo. 2000. Tithonia diversifolia as a green manure for soil fertility improvement in western Kenya: A review. Agroforestry Syst. 49:201-221 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006339025728
  11. Kaitho, R. J. 1997. Nutritive value of browses as protein supplement(s) to poor quality roughages. Ph.D. Thesis, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, Australia
  12. Norton, B. W. 1994. Tree legumes as dietary supplements for ruminants. In: Tropical Tree Legumes in Tropical Agriculture (Ed. R. C. Gutteridge and H. M. Shelton). CAB International, UK. pp. 177-201
  13. Pathirana, K. K., U. L. P. Mandalita and S. S. N. Gunaratne. 1992. Straw based supplementation of low output system for zebu heifers. In: International Atomic Energy Agency, TEC Document 691 IAEA Viena, Austria
  14. Phimphachanhvongsod, V. and I. Ledin. 2002. Performance of growing goats fed Panicum maximum and leaves of Gliricidia sepium. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 15(11):1585-1590 https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2002.1585
  15. Premarantne, S., J. Van Bruchem, X. B. Chen, H. G. D. Perera and S. J. Oosting. 1997. Effects of type and level of forage supplementation on voluntary intake, digestion, rumen microbial protein synthesis and growth in sheep fed a basal diet of rice straw and cassava. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 11(6):692-296
  16. Roothaert, R. L. and R. T. Paterson. 1997. Recent work on the production and utilisation of tree fodder in East Africa. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 69:39-51 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(97)81621-5
  17. SAS Institute Inc. 1998. SAS/STAT User's Guide; Version 6. 4th edn. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina
  18. Van Soest, P. J., J. B. Robertson and B. A. Lewis. 1991. Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3588-3597
  19. Wanjau, S., J. Mukalama and R. Thijssen. 1998. Biomass transfer: Harvesting free fertiliser. ILEIA Newsletter. 13(3):25

Cited by

  1. In vitro assessment of ruminal fermentation characteristics of tropical browse mixtures supplemented with yeast vol.58, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-697X.2011.00236.x