Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (대한기생충학·열대의학회)
권호 표지

Biting of anthropophilic Culicoides fulvithorax (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), a vector of Mansonella perstans in Nigeria

  • Published : 2006.03.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Anthropophilic Culicoides were investigated in a rural community endemic for Mansonella perstans in Ijebu North area of western Nigeria between December 2003 and October 2004. Three hundred and fifty-nine adults of Culicoides fulvithorax collected by human bait in the morning were dissected for Mansonella perstans larvae, and $1.95\%$of infection rate was found. Seasonal abundance of C. fulvithorax was investigated by monthly biting rates, and showed that higher prevalence was observed in rainy season, with peak in September. Culicoides prevalence was positively correlated with rainfall and relative humidity, but not temperature. Human perceptions on the behavior of these biting midges were determined by interviewing 854 self-selected villagers, of which $86.5\%$ of the interviewees confessed having experienced Culicoides bites. Between 76.5 and $99.1\%$ of the various age groups complained body reactions to Culicoides bites. Itching was the most frequent body reaction. No interviewees associated Culicoides with transmission of any parasitic infections. The results showed need to adequately control Culicoides in the community.

Keywords

References

  1. Agbolade OM, Akinboye DO (2001) Loa loa and Mansonella perstans infections in Ijebu North, Western Nigeria: a parasitological study. Jpn J Infect Dis 54: 108-110
  2. Agbolade OM (2002) Loiasis and mansonellosis: vectors' infection rates and haematological parameters in infected humans in some communities in Ogun State, Nigeria. Ph. D. Thesis, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
  3. Agbolade OM, Akinboye DO (2005) Detection of microfilariae with counting chamber technique in some Nigerian rural communities. Afr J Biotech 4: 367-370
  4. Anosike JC (1994) The status of human filariasis in northwestern zone of Bauchi State, Nigeria. Appl Parasitol 35: 133-140
  5. Arene FO, Atu FN (1986) Mansonella perstans microfilaraemia among the Bori community in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria. Ann Trap Med Parasitol 80: 535-53 https://doi.org/10.1080/00034983.1986.11812061
  6. Conte A, Giovannini A, Sav ini L, Goffredo M, Calistri P, Meiswinkel R (2003) The effect of climate on the presence of Culicoides imicola in Italy. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 50: 139-147 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0450.2003.00632.x
  7. Dipeolu 00 (1976a) Studies on the Culicoides species of Nigeria. II. Species collected around wild animals at Ibadan. Vet Parasitol 1: 257-263 https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4017(76)90098-4
  8. Dipeolu 00 (1976b) Studies on Culicoides species of Nigeria. III. Physiological conditions of species caught with light trap. Nigerian J Ent 1: 35-44
  9. Dipeolu OO, Ogunrinade AF (1977) Studies on Culicoides species of Nigeria. VII. The biology of some Nigerian Culicoides species. Z Parasitenkd 51: 289-298 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00384816
  10. Heyneman D (2004) Medical parasitology. In Medical microbiology, Brooks GF, Butel JS, Morse SA (eds.). 23rd ed. p661-701, McGraw Hill, Boston, USA
  11. Mercer DR, Spinelli GR, Watts DM, Tesh RB (2003) Biting rates and developmental substrates for biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Iquitos, Peru. J Med Entomol 40: 807-812 https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-2585-40.6.807
  12. Muihead-Thomson EC (1982) Behavior pattern of bloodsucking flies. pp171-183, Pergamon Press, Oxford, U.K
  13. Noireau F, Itoua A, Carme B (1990) Epidemiology of Mansonella perstans filariasis in the forest region of south Congo.Ann Trop Med Parasitol 84: 251-254 https://doi.org/10.1080/00034983.1990.11812464
  14. Oyerinde JP, Odugbemi T, Fagbenro-Beyioku AF (1988) Investigation of filarial worms of man in metropolitan Lagos. Acta Trop 45: 191-192
  15. Udonsi JK (1988) Filariasis in the Igwun River Basin, Nigeria: an epidemiological and clinical study with a note on the vectors. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 82: 75-82 https://doi.org/10.1080/00034983.1988.11812212
  16. Ufomadu GO, Nwoke BE, Akoh JI, Sato Y, Ekejindu GO, Uchida A, Shiwaku K, Tumbau M, Ugomo KK (1990) The occurrence of loiasis, mansonellosis and wuchereriasis in the Jarawa River Valley, central Nigeria. Acta Trop 48: 137-147 https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-706X(90)90053-3
  17. Ukoli FM (1992) Prevention and control of parasitic diseases in tropical Africa: The main issues. pp102-118, University Press PLC, Ibadan, Nigeria
  18. Ward PA (1980) Inflammation. In Principles of pathobiology, Hill RB, LaVia MF (eds.). 3rd ed. pp112-162, Oxford University Press, Oxford, U.K
  19. White GB (1977) Man-biting species of Chrysops Meigen, Culicoides Latreille and Simulium Latreille in Ethiopia, with discussion of their vector potentialities. Trans R Soc Trap Med Hyg 71: 161-175 https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(77)90087-6
  20. WHO (1984) Chemical method for the control of arthropod vectors and pests of public health importance. pp43-46, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
  21. Wijeyaratne PM, Verma OP, Singha P, Osuhor PC, Motha B, Saha AL, Slotboom AB, DeLeon A, Bandipo AB (1982) Epidemiology of filariasis in Malumfashi district of northern Nigeria. Indian J Med Res 76: 534-544