Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics

The Korean Pediatric Society (대한소아청소년과학회)
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Frequency and clinical characteristics of prenatally diagnosed congenital hydronephrosis and outcomes of ureteropelvic junction stenosis

산전 진단된 선천성 수신증의 빈도 및 임상적 특성과 신우요관 이행부 협착의 경과

  • Kang, Hyun Soo (Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Sung, June Seung (Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Sun Hui (Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Back, Hee Jo (Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Young Ok (Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Chan Jong (Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Choi, Young Youn (Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Hwang, Tai Ju (Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University)
  • 강현수 (전남대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 성준승 (전남대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 김선희 (전남대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 백희조 (전남대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 김영옥 (전남대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 김찬종 (전남대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 최영륜 (전남대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 황태주 (전남대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실)
  • Received : 2006.04.12
  • Accepted : 2006.06.15
  • Published : 2006.08.15
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Abstract

Purpose : Popular use of fetal ultrasonography has increased to detect congenital hydronephrosis(CH) which is the most common anomaly prenatally detected. We'd like to determine the frequency and clinical characteristics of prenatally diagnosed CH and outcome of ureteropelvic junction stenosis(UPJS). Methods : The records of births between January 1994 and June 2003 in Chonnam National University Hospital(CNUH), and the records of children who were diagnosed with CH in the Department of Pediatrics of CNUH during the above period, were retrospectively analyzed. In the patients with UPJS, the initial anterior posterior diameters of renal pelvis(APD) were compared between the spontaneous regression (SR) and operation group(OP). In the SR group, sequential regression rates of APD were estimated. Results : Among a total 9,076 births, 231(2.54 percent) patients with 293 renal units were diagnosed as CH and 19(6.78 percent) renal units spontaneously regressed 3 days after birth. In 228 children(56 bilateral; 172 unilateral; total 284 renal units) diagnosed with CH in the department of pediatrics of CNUH, male(71.9 percent) and left kidney(69.2 percent) predilection were found and 78.1 percent of CH were caused by UPJS. The initial APD of the SR group(121 units) in UPJS was $7.8{\pm}6.28mm$, which was significantly smaller than the APD($26.8{\pm}12.14mm$) of the OP group(25 unit)(P<0.05). In the SR group, 81 percent spontaneously regressed within one year. Conclusions : In CH, male and left kidney predilection were found. UPJS was the most common cause of CH and initial APD in UPJS at 3 days of age was a good prognostic indicator. Close monitoring should be done for at least one year because most SR in UPJS regressed spontaneously within one year.

목 적 : 선천성 수신증은 산전 초음파검사로 발견되는 태아기형 중 가장 흔하며 초음파검사의 발달로 인해 발견되는 빈도가 늘어나고 있다. 본 연구는 산전 진단되는 선천성 수신증의 빈도 및 임상적 특징들을 알아보고 주요 원인인 신우요관 협착증의 생후 경과에 대해 조사하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 본 연구는 1994년 1월부터 2003년 6월말까지 전남대학교 병원 산부인과에서 출생한 총 환아 9,076명을 대상으로 산전 진단된 선천성 수신증의 빈도 및 생후 3일째 호전 빈도를 조사하였다. 또한 상기 기간 동안 소아과에서 산전 진단된 선천성 수신증으로 진료를 받았던 228명(284신단위)을 대상으로 수신증의 임상 특성을 알아보았다. 이들 중 신우 요관 이행부 폐색(222신단위)에 대하여서는 자연 회복군(121신단위)과 수술군(25신단위)에서 초기 수신증의 크기를 비교하였으며, 자연 회복군에서 시간에 따른 신우 크기의 자연 소실 빈도를 조사하였다. 결 과 : 상기 9년 동안 출생했던 환아 총 9,076명중 231명의 환아(2.54%, 293신단위)가 선천성 수신증으로 산전 진단되었으며, 이들 중 생후 3일경 시행한 초음파 검사에서 수신증이 자연호전되었던 경우는 19신단위(6.5%)였다. 상기 기간 동안 소아과진료를 받았던 산전 진단된 선천성 수신증 환아 228명은 일측성 172명(75.4%, 좌측 119명 및 우측 53명), 양측성 56명(24.6%)으로 총 284신단위였으며, 남아(71.9%)가 여아(28.1%)에 비해 많았고, 그 원인으로는 신우요관 이행부 폐색이 222신단위(78.1%)로 가장 흔하였다. 신우요관 이행부 폐색의 경우 자연 회복군(121신단위)에서 초기 신우 전후 직경이 $7.8{\pm}6.28mm$으로 수술군(25신단위)의 $26.8{\pm}12.14mm$보다 통계적으로 유의하게 작았으며, 자연 회복된 경우 1년 이내에 81%에서 자연 호전되었다. 결 론 : 선천성 수신증은 좌측신장이 우측에 비하여, 남아가 여아에 비하여 많았다. 원인으로는 신우요관 이행부 폐색이 가장 흔하며, 신우요관 이행부 폐색의 경우 생후 3일째 시행한 초음파검사상의 신우전후직경의 크기는 수신증의 예후를 알수 있는 주요한 예측인자가 되며 자연 회복의 경우 12개월 내 81%에서 자연 호전되는 것으로 보아 생후 1년 내에는 면밀한 추적관찰이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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