도심지역에 위치한 탄산염암 석탑 표면에 형성된 흑색층의 특성과 그 기원

Characteristics of the Black Surface Layer on Carbonate Stone Pagoda in Urban Area and Its Origin

  • 도진영 (경주대학교 문화재학부) ;
  • 김정진 (안동대학교 지구환경과학과) ;
  • 조현구 (경상대학교 지구환경과학과)
  • Do, Jin-Young (School of Cultural Assets, Gyeongju University) ;
  • Kim, Jeong-Jin (Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Andong National University) ;
  • Cho, Hyen-Goo (Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 발행 : 2006.12.31

초록

도심에 위치한 탄산염암 석조문화재는 주로 대기 오염으로 인하여 흑색층이 형성되어 있으며 심하게 손상되어 있는 상태이다. XRF, XRD, SEM 등의 분석을 통하여 도심에 위치한 석탑 표면에 형성된 흑색층의 화학조성, 구성광물, 미세조직에 대해 연구하였다. 또한 흑색층이 원암에 끼치는 영향을 밝히고, 나아가 안정환동위원소분석법을 적용하여 흑색층 내에 함유되어 있는 황성분의 기원을 밝혔다. 석탑 원암의 구성광물은 방해석이지만 흑색층은 석고와 소량의 석영을 포함하고 있다. 흑색층을 구성하는 다량의 석고는 석탑 내부에 균열을 생성시키는 원인 물질이며, 흑색층과 원암의 경계면은 흑색을 띠는 것은 아니지만 그 특성이 흑색층과 유사하여 대기오염 물질을 쉽게 흡착하여 흑화될수 있다는 것을 보여주었다. 안정황동위원소분석 결과 흑색층에 함유되어 있는 황의 주 기원이 다를 수 있음이 밝혀졌다.

Calcium carbonate stone deterioration has been intensified in urban area, mainly due to the action of atmospheric pollutant. Samples from the black surface layer were examined under petrographic and scanning electron microscope, coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analyser X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction analysis was also carried out for chemical composition and mineral phase analysis, respectively. Moreover, sulphur isotope ratio was measured, in order to identify the origin of sulphate compounds in the black surface layer. Optical and electronic petrographic analysis indicated that gypsum and Quartz were contained in the black surface layer and led to microcracks. Microstructure and chemical composition analysis showed that the interface between black layer and original stone is not black but its characteristic is similar to black layer The results indicated that during deterioration process the black layer can be expanded gradually into the interface by adsorption of atmospheric pollutants. The sulphur isotope analysis demonstrates that there are different origins of the sulphur component in black surface layer.

키워드

참고문헌

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