Effects of ChongMyung-Tang and MokguenpiChongMyung-Tang Extract on the Alzheimer's Disease Model Induced by CT105

총명탕(聰明湯)과 목근피총명탕(木槿皮聰明湯)이 CT105로 유도된 Alzheimer's Disease 병태(病態) 모델에 미치는 영향

  • Jung, In-Chul (Department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry, College of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Ryong (Department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry, College of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon University)
  • 정인철 (대전대학교 한의과대학 신경정신과학교실) ;
  • 이상룡 (대전대학교 한의과대학 신경정신과학교실)
  • Published : 2006.04.25

Abstract

This research investigated the effect of the CMT and MCMT on Alzheimer's disease. The effects of the CMT and MCMT extract on expression of proinflammatory cytokine($IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$) in the THP-1 cell; amyloid precursor proteins(APP), acetylcholinesterase(AChE) mRNA of PC-12 cells treated with CT105; the AChE activity and the APP production of PC-12 cell lysate treated with CT105 were investigated. The CMT and MCMT extract suppressed overexpression of $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$ in the THP-1 cell treated by LPS; the expression of APP, AChE mRNA in PC-12 cells treated with CT105; the AChE activity and the production of APP in PC-12 cell lysate treated with CT105 significantly. This study suggest that CMT and MCMT may be effective for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Keywords

References

  1. 金知赫, 黃義完. 東醫精神醫學. 서울, 現代醫學書籍社, pp 256- 271, 327-330, 1992
  2. 李定均. 精神醫學. 서울, 一潮閣, pp 87-88, 465-467, 514-518, 600, 1995
  3. McGeer, E.G., McGeer, P.L. The importance of inflammatory mechanisms in Alzheimer disease. Exp Gerontol, 33(5):371-378, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0531-5565(98)00013-8
  4. Li, W.Y., Butler, J.P., Hale, J.E., McClure, D.B., Little, S.P., Czilli, D.L., Simmons, L.K. Suppression of an amyloid beta peptide-mediated calcium channel response by a secreted beta-amyloid precursor protein. Neuroscience, 95(1):1-4, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4522(99)00479-0
  5. Downen, M., Amaral, T.D., Hua, L.L., Zhao, M.L., Lee, S.C. Neuronal death in cytokine-activated primary human brain cell culture ; role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Glia, 28(2):114-127, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-1136(199911)28:2<114::AID-GLIA3>3.0.CO;2-O
  6. Trabace, L., Cassano, T., Steardo, L., Pietra, C., Villetti, G., Kendrick, K.M., Cuomo, V. Biochemical and neurobehavioral profile of CHF2819, a novel, orally active acetylcholinesterase inhibitor for Alzheimer's disease. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 294(1):187-194, 2000
  7. Kasa, P., Papp, H., Torok, I. Donepezil dose-dependently inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity in various areas and in the presynaptic cholinergic and the postsynaptic cholinoceptive enzyme-positive structures in the human and rat brain. Neuroscience, 101(1):89-100, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(83)90083-0
  8. Sramek, J.J., Frackiewicz, E.J., Cutler, N.R. Review of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor galanthamine. Expert Opin Investig Drugs, 9(10):2393-2402, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1517/13543784.9.10.2393
  9. 張介賓. 張氏景岳全書. 서울, 翰成社, pp 610-611, 1978
  10. 陳士澤. 國譯石室秘錄. 서울, 書苑堂, p 102, 1984
  11. 錢鏡湖. 辨證奇問全書. 台北, 甘地出版社, pp 222-225, 233-235, 1990
  12. 陳 輝 외. 實用中醫腦病學. 北京, 學苑出版社, pp.242-251, 784-791, 1993
  13. 黃大東 외. 實用中醫內科學. 上海, 上海科學技術出版社, pp 378-381, 1989
  14. 許浚. 東醫寶鑑. 서울, 大星文化社, pp 55-56 , 1996
  15. 李尙仁 외. 漢藥臨床應用. 서울, 成輔社, pp 151-153, 308-313, 419-420, 426-428, 1990
  16. 최병만. 木槿皮가 CT-105로 유도된 Alzheimer's Disease 병태 모델에 미치는 영향. 大田大學校大學院, 2003
  17. 康秉秀 외. 本草學. 서울, 永林社, p 649, 650, 1991
  18. 채종걸, 이상용. 拱淸丸이 老化 白鼠의 血液變化 및 血淸과 腦組織의 抗酸化物活性에 미치는 影響. 동의신경정신과학회지 9(2):71-86, 1998
  19. 홍대성, 김종우, 황의완. 麝香蘇合元이 情緖反應性과 Alzheimer's disease 모델 白鼠의 學習에 미치는 影響. 동의신경정신과학회지 10(1):17-38, 1999
  20. 김명진, 이상룡. 醒心地黃湯이 老化白鼠의 血液 變化 및 血淸과 腦組織의 抗酸化活性에 미치는 影響. 동의신경정신과학회지 10(2):71-84, 1999
  21. 정인철, 이상룡. 導痰益氣活血湯이 Alzheimer's Disease 病態 모델의 生化學的 變化 및 記憶에 미치는 影響. 동의생리병리학회지 15(2):260-276, 2001
  22. 채종걸, 정인철, 이상룡. 山査肉이 CT-105로 誘導된 Alzheimer's Disease 病態 모델에 미치는 影響. 동의신경정신과학회지 13(1):79-115, 2002
  23. 김영욱 외. 聰明湯이 健忘誘導白鼠의 學習과 記憶에 미치는 영향. 韓方再活醫學科學會誌 8(2):464-479, 1998
  24. Skehan, P., Storeng, R., Scudiero, D., Monk, A., McMahon, J., Visca, D., Warren, J.T., Kennedy, S., Boyd, M.R. New colorimetric cytotoxicity assay for anticancer drug screening. J Natl Cancer Inst, 82(13):1107-1112, 1990 https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.13.1107
  25. Zor, T., Selinger, Z. Linearization of the Bradford protein assay increases its sensitivity ; theoretical and experimental studies. Anal Biochem, 236(2):302-308, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1996.0171
  26. 金宇哲 외. 統計學槪論. 서울, 英志文化社, pp 177-179, 1990
  27. 서무규. 성인병.노인병학. 서울, 高麗醫學, pp 225-267, 1986
  28. 우종인 외. 한국의 한 농촌 지역에 거주하는 老人에서의 치매의 유병율. 신경정신의학 36(1):92-101, 1997
  29. Reznik-Wolf, H., Machado, J., Haroutunian, V., DeMarco, L., Walter, G.F., Goldman, B., Davidson, M., Johnston, J.A., Lannfelt, L., Dani, S.U., Friedman, E. Somatic mutation analysis of the APP and Presenilin 1 and 2 genes in Alzheimer's disease brains. J Neurogenet, 12(1):55-65, 1998 https://doi.org/10.3109/01677069809108555
  30. Mattson, M.P., Guo, Z.H., Geiger, J.D. Secreted form of amyloid precursor protein enhances basal glucose and glutamate transport and protects against oxidative impairment of glucose and glutamate transport in synaptosomes by a cyclic GMP-mediated mechanism. J Neurochem, 73(2):532-537, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0730532.x
  31. Bryan-Sisneros, A.A., Fraser, S.P., Suh, Y.H., Djamgoz, M.B. Toxic effect of the beta-amyloid precursor protein C-terminus fragment and $Na^+/Ca^{2+}$ gradients. Neuroreport, 11(15):3357-3360, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200010200-00019
  32. Kim, H.S., Park, C.H., Cha, S.H., Lee, J.H., Lee, S., Kim, Y., Rah, J.C., Jeong, S.J., Suh, Y.H. Carboxyl-terminal fragment of Alzheimer's APP destabilizes calcium homeostasis and renders neuronal cells vulnerable to excitotoxicity. FASEB J, 14(11):1508-1517, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.14.11.1508
  33. Kontush, A. Amyloid-beta ; an antioxidant that becomes a pro-oxidant and critically contributes to Alzheimer's disease. Free Radic Biol Med, 31(9):1120-1131, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(01)00688-8
  34. Ho, P.I., Collins, S.C., Dhitavat, S., Ortiz, D., Ashline, D., Rogers, E., Shea, T.B. Homocysteine potentiates beta-amyloid neurotoxicity ; role of oxidative stress. J Neurochem, 78(2):249-253, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00384.x
  35. Racchi, M., Johnston, J.A., Flood, F.M., Cowburn, R.F., Govoni, S. Amyloid precursor protein metabolism in fibroblasts from individuals with one, two or three copies of the amyloid precursor protein(APP) gene. Biochem J, 338, 777-782, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1042/0264-6021:3380777
  36. Breakefield, X.O., Geller, A.I. Gene transfer into the nervous system. Mol Neurobiol, 1(4):339-371, 1987 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02935741
  37. Linert, W., Bridge, M.H., Huber, M., Bjugstad, K.B., Grossman, S., Arendash, G.W. In vitro and in vivo studies investigating possible antioxidant actions of nicotine ; relevance to Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1454(2):143-152, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-4439(99)00029-0
  38. Wu, D.C., Xiao, X.Q., Ng, A.K., Chen, P.M., Chung, W., Lee, N.T., Carlier, P.R., Pang, Y.P., Yu, A.C., Han, Y.F. Protection against ischemic injury in primary cultured mouse astrocytes by bis(7)-tacrine, a novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Neurosci Lett, 288(2):95-98, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3940(00)01198-8
  39. Hunot, S., Dugas, N., Faucheux, B., Hartmann, A., Tardieu, M., Debre, P., Agid, Y., Dugas, B., Hirsch, E.C. FcepsilonRII/CD23 is expressed in Parkinson's disease and induces, in vitro, production of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in glial cells. J Neurosci, 19(9):3440-3447, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-09-03440.1999
  40. Lee, S.C., Liu, W., Dickson, D.W., Brosnan, C.F., Berman, J.W. Cytokine production by human fetal microglia and astrocytes. Differential induction by lipopolysaccharide and IL-1 beta. The Journal of Immunology, 150(7):2659-2667, 1993
  41. Selmaj, K., Shafit-Zagardo, B., Aquino, D.A., Farooq, M., Raine, C.S., Norton, W.T., Brosnan, C.F. Tumor necrosis factor-induced proliferation of astrocytes from mature brain is associated with down-regulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein mRNA. J Neurochem, 57(3):823-830, 1991 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb08225.x
  42. Stephen, L.Y., Loyd, H.B., June, K.A., Joyce, M.A., Michael, D.D., Paula, B.E., Anthony, M.P., Piorkowski, Kurt, R.B. Amyloid ${\beta}$ and amylin fibrils induce increases in proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production by THP-1 cells and murine microglia. J Neurochem, 74(3):1017-1025, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0741017.x
  43. Stephen, L.Y., Loyd, H.B., June, K.A., Joyce, M.A., Michael, D.D., Paula, B.E., Anthony, M.P., Piorkowski, Kurt, R.B. Amyloid ${\beta}$ and amylin fibrils induce increases in proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production by THP-1 cells and murine microglia. J Neurochem, 74(3):1017-1025, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0741017.x
  44. Fukuyama, R., Izumoto, T., Fushiki, S. The cerebrospinal fluid level of glial fibrillary acidic protein is increased in cerebrospinal fluid from Alzheimer's disease patients and correlates with severity of dementia. Eur Neurol, 46(1):35-38, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1159/000050753
  45. Zhao, W., Bing-sheng, L., Alkon, D.L., Barker, J.L., Chang, Y.H., Wu, M., Rubinow, D.R. TNF-alpha induced over-expression of GFAP is associated with MAPKs. Neuroreport, 11(2):409-412, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200002070-00037
  46. 洪元植. 精校黃帝內經素問. 서울, 東洋醫學硏究院, pp 217, 218, 229, 1985
  47. 洪元植. 精校黃帝內經靈樞. 서울, 東洋醫學硏究院, p 68, 342, 1985
  48. 孫思邈. 備急千金要方. 서울, 杏林出版社, pp 129-135, 534, 545, 550, 1982
  49. 趙 佶. 聖濟總錄. 北京, 人民衛生出版社, pp 822-825, 1987
  50. 朱震亨. 金櫃鉤玄. 서울, 鼎談出版社, pp 306-307, 1992
  51. 楊思澎 외. 中醫臨床大全, 北京, 北京科學技術出版社, pp 224- 230, 1991
  52. Stephen, L.Y., Loyd, H.B., June, K.A., Joyce, M.A., Michael, D.D., Paula, B.E., Anthony, M.P., Piorkowski, Kurt, R.B. Amyloid ${\beta}$ and amylin fibrils induce increases in proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production by THP-1 cells and murine microglia. J Neurochem, 74(3):1017-1025, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0741017.x
  53. Yan, S.D., Chen, X., Fu, J., Chen, M., Zhu, H., Roher, A., Slattery, T., Zhao, L., Nagashima, M., Morser, J., Migheli, A., Nawroth, P., Stern, D., Schmidt, A.M. RAGE and amyloid-beta peptide neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease. Nature, 382(6593):685-691, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1038/382685a0