Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss with Runoff and Leachate from Soils Applied with Different Agricultural By-product Composts

부산물 퇴비를 시용한 토양에서 표면유거와 용탈에 의한 질소와 인의 유실

  • Park, Chol-Soo (National Institute of Highland Agriculture, RDA) ;
  • Joo, Jin-Ho (Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Won-Jung (Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Yoo, Kyung-Yoal (Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Yang, Jae-E (Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Ok, Yong-Sik (Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University)
  • 박철수 (농촌진흥청 고령지농업연구소) ;
  • 주진호 (강원대학교 자원생물환경학과) ;
  • 이원정 (강원대학교 자원생물환경학과) ;
  • 유경열 (강원대학교 자원생물환경학과) ;
  • 양재의 (강원대학교 자원생물환경학과) ;
  • 옥용식 (강원대학교 자원생물환경학과)
  • Received : 2005.11.10
  • Accepted : 2005.11.25
  • Published : 2005.12.30

Abstract

Since alpine upland in Pyungchang-gun has been typically applied every two or three years with saprolite, agricultural by-products are inputted to raise soil properties. Therefore, the effect of saprolite application on water quality in runoff and leachate should be monitored. To investigate water quality in runoff and leachate with various treatments of agricultural by-product, lysimeter with dimension of $0.85m{\times}1.75m{\times}0.30m$ was installed in Kangwon National University. Control, mixed compost with cow, chicken and sawdust by-product (CCSC), chicken manure by-product compost (CC), food waste by-product compost (FWC), and beer sewage sludge by-product compost (BSSC) at the rate of $10Mg\;ha^{-1}$ were mixed with soil in 25 cm depth, and water qualities in runoff and leachate were monitored from Jun. 4, 2004 to Oct. 18, 2004. EC ($0.8-2.2dS\;m^{-1}$) and concentrations of total N ($25-75mg\;L^{-1}$) and total P ($0.12-0.43mg\;L^{-1}$) were highest in both runoff and leachate of CC treatment. EC values in CC and FWC treatments continuously increased during lysimeter experiment, while total N and total P concentrations continuously decreased. Average total N concentrations in runoff taken from CCSC, FWC and BSSC treatments were 41, 34 and $37mg\;L^{-1}$, and in leachate were 35, 28 and $34mg\;L^{-1}$, respectively. Average total P concentrations were not different with different treatments. EC values in leachate were higher than those in runoff, and total N concentrations in runoff were higher than those in leachate.

고령지의 대표지인 강원도 평창 지역의 밭은 석비레 사양토로 객토 및 성토를 하고 다량의 부산물 퇴비를 투입하여 영농활동을 하는 곳이 많다. 석비레 사양토에 부산물퇴비를 처리하여 퇴비의 종류별 유출수와 유거수의 양분농도를 경시적으로 조사하였다. 전기전도도는 유거수 ($0.9-2.0dS\;m^{-1}$)와 침출수 ($0.8-2.2dS\;m^{-1}$)에서 모두 계분퇴비 처리구에서 가장 높은 값을 보였고, 총질소 ($25-75mg\;L^{-1}$)와 총인 ($0.12-0.43mg\;L^{-1}$)의 농도도 처리한 부산물 중에서 계분퇴비 처리구가 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 시험기간 동안 전기전도도는 지속적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였고, 총질소와 총인의 농도는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 우분과 계분을 톱밥과 혼합해서 만든 퇴비 처리구와 음식물퇴비 처리구, 맥주공장의 폐수오니를 처리한 시험구에서 발생한 유거수의 평균 총질소 농도는 각각 41, 34, $37mg\;L^{-1}$이었고, 침출수의 평균 총질소 농도는 35, 28, $34mg\;L^{-1}$이었으며, 총인 농도는 처리간에 비슷한 경향을 보였다. 전체적으로 전기전도도는 침출수가 높았고, 총질소의 농도는 유거수에서 다소 높게 나타났다. 본 시험 결과 고령지 농경지의 대표지인 평창지역에서 성토로 많이 이용하고 있는 석비레 사양토에 부산물퇴비를 과량 투입하여 영농활동을 하게 되면 물에 의한 총질소와 총인의 이동이 다량 발생할 수 있음을 알 수 있었고, 특히 계분퇴비에서 유출이 높게 나타나 계분퇴비의 사용법에 대한 연구가 시급한 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

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