Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP (대한전자공학회논문지SP)

The Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers (대한전자공학회)
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A Video Watermarking Using 3D DWT and Binary Image Watermark

3차원 웨이블릿 변환과 이진 영상 워터마크를 이용한 비디오 워터마킹

  • Kim Seung-Jin (School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim Tae-Su (School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kwon Ki-Ryong (Division of Digital and Information Engineering, Pusan University of Foreign Studies) ;
  • Lee Kuhn-Il (School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Kyungpook National University)
  • 김승진 (경북대학교 전자전기컴퓨터학부) ;
  • 김태수 (경북대학교 전자전기컴퓨터학부) ;
  • 권기룡 (부산외국어대학교 디지털정보공학부) ;
  • 이건일 (경북대학교 전자전기컴퓨터학부)
  • Published : 2005.11.01
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Abstract

An effective video watermarking algorithm is proposed to protect the copyright. The watermarking procedure is based on a three-dimensional discrete wavelet transform (3D DWT) and spread spectrum sequences. Two perceptual binary watermarks are preprocessed using mixing and pseudorandom permutation. After dividing the video sequence into video shots, the 3D DWT is performed, then the preprocessed watermarks are embedded into the 3D DWT coefficients, while considering robustness and invisibility, using two spread spectrum sequences defined as the user key. Experimental results show that the watermarked frames are subjectively indistinguishable from the original frames, plus the proposed video watermarking algorithm is sufficiently robust against such attacks as low pass filtering, frame dropping, frame average, and MPEG coding.

본 논문에서는 저작권 보호를 위한 3차원 웨이블릿 변환과 대역확산방법 (spread spectrum sequences)을 이용한 비디오 워터마킹 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제안한 방법에서는 두 개의 이진 영상 워터마크를 혼합(mixing)과 임의 교환 (pseudorandom permutation)을 이용하여 전처리 하고, 비디오 영상을 장면 단위로 나누어 3차원 DWT를 수행 한다. 전처리된 워터마크를 3차원 웨이블릿 계수에 대역확산방법을 이용하여 삽입한다. 실험결과 워터마크가 삽입된 프레임은 비가시성을 만족하였고, 저역통과 필터링, 프레임 누락 (dropping), 프레임 평균 (averaging), 및 MPEG 부호화와 같은 공격에 대한 견고성이 기존의 방법보다 우수함을 확인하였다.

Keywords

References

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