Enhancing TCP Performance to Persistent Packet Reordering

  • 발행 : 2005.09.01

초록

In this paper, we propose a simple algorithm to adaptively adjust the value of dupthresh, the duplicate acknowledgement threshold that triggers the transmission control protocol (TCP) fast retransmission algorithm, to improve the TCP performance in a network environment with persistent packet reordering. Our algorithm uses an exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) and the mean deviation of the lengths of the reordering events reported by a TCP receiver with the duplicate selective acknowledgement (DSACK) extension to estimate the value of dupthresh. We also apply an adaptive upper bound on dupthresh to avoid the retransmission timeout events. In addition, our algorithm includes a mechanism to exponentially reduce dupthresh when the retransmission timer expires. With these mechanisms, our algorithm is capable of converging to and staying at a near-optimal interval of dupthresh. The simulation results show that our algorithm improves the protocol performance significantly with minimal overheads, achieving a greater throughput and fewer false fast retransmissions.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. J. Bennett, C. Partridge, and N. Shectman, 'Packet reordering is not pathological network behavior,' IEEE/ACM Trans. Networking, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 789-798, Dec. 1999 https://doi.org/10.1109/90.811445
  2. K.-C. Leung and V. O. K. Li, 'Generalized load sharing for packet-switching networks I: Theory and packet-based algorithm,' IEEE Trans. Parallel Dist. Syst., to be published
  3. K.-C. Leung and V. O. K. Li, 'Generalized load sharing for packet-switching networks II: Flow-based algorithms,' IEEE Trans. Parallel Dist. Syst., to be published
  4. N. F. Maxemchuk, 'Dispersity routing in high-speed networks,' Computer Networks ISDN Syst., vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 645-661, Jan. 1993 https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-7552(93)90059-D
  5. S.-J. Lee and M. Gerla, 'AODV-BR: Backup routing in ad hoc networks,' in Proc. IEEE WCNC 2000, Chicago, IL, USA, vol. 3, 26-29 Sept. 2000, pp.1311-1316 https://doi.org/10.1109/WCNC.2000.904822
  6. P. P. Pham and S. Perreau, 'Performance analysis of reactive shortest path and multi-path routing mechanism with load nalance,' in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM 2003, San Francisco, CA, USA, vol. 1, 30 Mar.-3 Apr. 2003, pp.251-259
  7. S. Floyd and K. Fall, 'Promoting the use of end-to-end congestion control in the Internet,' IEEE/ACM Trans. Networking, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 458-472, Aug. 1999 https://doi.org/10.1109/90.793002
  8. S. Floyd, J. Mahdavi, M. Mathis, and M. Podolsky, 'An extension to the selective acknowledgement (SACK) option for TCP,' RFC 2883, Network Working Group, Internet Engineering Task Force, July 2000
  9. M. Mathis, J. Mahdavi, S. Floyd, and A. Romanow, 'TCP selective acknowledgment options,' RFC 2018, Network Working Group, Internet Engineering Task Force, Oct. 1996
  10. M. Allman, V. Paxson, and W. Stevens, 'TCP congestion control,' RFC 2581, Network Working Group, Internet Engineering Task Force, Apr. 1999
  11. V. Jacobson, 'Modified TCP congestion avoidance algorithm,' end2end-interest mailing list, 30 Apr. 1990
  12. E. Blanton and M. Allman, 'On making TCP more robust to packet reordering,' Computer Commun. Rev., vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 20-30, Jan. 2002
  13. M. Zhang, B. Karp, S. Floyd, and L. Peterson, 'RR-TCP: A reordering-robust TCP with DSACK,' in Proc. IEEE ICNP 2003, Atlanta, GA, USA, 4-7 Nov. 2003, pp. 95-106 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNP.2003.1249760
  14. V. Paxson, 'End-to-end Internet packet dynamics,' IEEE/ACM Trans. Networking, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 277-292, June 1999 https://doi.org/10.1109/90.779192
  15. S. Bohacek, J. P. Hespanha, J. Lee, C. Lim, and K. Obraczka, 'TCP-PR: TCP for persistent packet reordering,' in Proc. IEEE ICDCS 2003, Providence, RI, USA, 19-22 May 2003, pp. 222-231 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDCS.2003.1203469
  16. R. Ludwig and R. H. Katz, 'The Eifel algorithm: Making TCP robust against spurious retransmissions,' Computer Commun. Rev., vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 30-36, Jan. 2000
  17. Y. Lee, J. Park, and Y. Choi, 'Improving TCP performance in multipath packet forwarding networks,' J. Commun. Networks, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 148-157, June 2002 https://doi.org/10.1109/JCN.2002.6596897
  18. K.-C. Leung and V. O. K. Li, 'Flow assignment and packet scheduling for multipath routing,' J. Commun. Networks, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 230-239, Sept. 2003 https://doi.org/10.1109/JCN.2003.6596817
  19. V. Jacobson, 'Congestion avoidance and control,' Computer Commun. Rev., vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 314-329, Aug. 1988 https://doi.org/10.1145/52325.52356
  20. L. Kleinrock, Queueing Systems (Volume I: Theory), John Wiley & Sons, 1975
  21. D. G. Luenberger, Introduction to Dynamic Systems: Theory, Models, and Applications. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1979
  22. W. Theilmann and K Rothermel, 'Dynamic distance maps of the Internet,' in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM 2000, vol. 1, Tel Aviv, Israel, 26-30 Mar. 2000, pp. 275-284 https://doi.org/10.1109/INFCOM.2000.832197
  23. R. V. Hogg and E. A. Tanis, Probability and Statistical Inference, 5th ed, Prentice Hall, 1996