The Results of Extracardiac Fontan Operation in the Patients with Heterotaxy Syndrome

이소성증후군에서의 심장외도관 폰탄 수술의 결과

  • Lim Hong Gook (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospotal, Sejong Heart Insititute) ;
  • Kim Soo-Jin (Department of Pediatrics, Sejong Ceneral Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute) ;
  • Lee Chang-Ha (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospotal, Sejong Heart Insititute) ;
  • Kim Woong-Han (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Hwang Seong Wook (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospotal, Sejong Heart Insititute) ;
  • Lee Cheul (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospotal, Sejong Heart Insititute) ;
  • Oh Sam-Sae (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospotal, Sejong Heart Insititute) ;
  • Baek Man-Jong (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospotal, Sejong Heart Insititute) ;
  • Na Chan-Young (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospotal, Sejong Heart Insititute) ;
  • Kim Jae Hyun (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospotal, Sejong Heart Insititute) ;
  • Seo Hong Joo (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospotal, Sejong Heart Insititute) ;
  • Jung Sung Chol (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospotal, Sejong Heart Insititute) ;
  • Kim Chong Whan (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospotal, Sejong Heart Insititute)
  • 임홍국 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소) ;
  • 김수진 (부천세종병원 소아과, 세종심장연구소) ;
  • 이창하 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소) ;
  • 김웅한 (서울대학교병원 흉부외과, 서울대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 황성욱 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소) ;
  • 이철 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소) ;
  • 오삼세 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소) ;
  • 백만종 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소) ;
  • 나찬영 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소) ;
  • 김재현 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소) ;
  • 서홍주 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소) ;
  • 정성철 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소) ;
  • 김종환 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소)
  • Published : 2005.08.01

Abstract

Background: Historically the Fontan operation in patients with single ventricle and heterotaxy syndrome has been associated with high mortality because of systemic or pulmonary anomalous venous drainage, incompetent common atrioventricular valve, right ventricle type univentricular heart, and arrhythmia. Material and Method: A retrospective review of 62 patients $(age:\;54.79\pm33.97\;months)$ with heterotaxy syndrome who underwent a extracadiac Fontan operation between 1996 and 2005 was performed. Twenty one patients had left atrial isomerism, and 41 had right isomerism. The Fontan procedure was staged in all but 2 patients, and a fenestration was less placed in left isomerism. Result: Left isomerism was associated more with interrupted inferior vena cava and pulmonary arteriovenous fistula, and right isomerism was associated more with anomalous pulmonary venous drainage, common atrioventricular valve and morphologic right ventricle. There were 3 hospital deaths$(4.8\%)$ and 3 late deaths $(5.2\%)$ with a follow-up duration of $48.8\pm31.0$ months. Eight-year survivals were $90.5\pm6.4\%$ in left isomerism and $88.6\pm5.4\%$ in right isomerism (p=0.94). At 8 years, freedom from reoperation was $73.9\pm11.3\%$ in left isomerism, and $82.3\pm6.7\%$ in right isomerism (p=0.87). Atrioventricular valve regurgitation progressed after Fontan operation in heterotaxy syndrome, and reoperation for pulmonary arteriovenous fistula and permanent pacemaker implantation for sinus node dysfunction were required more in left isomerism. Conclusion: The extracardiac Fontan operation can now be performed in patients with heterotaxy syndrome with excellent survival. However, morbidity in terms of postoperative atrioventricular valve regurgitation, arrhythmia, and pulmonary arteriovenous fistula remains significant.

배경: 이소성증후군과 기능적 단심실을 동반한 환자들은 체정맥 또는 폐정맥의 연결이상, 폐쇄부전을 동반한 공통 방실판막, 우심실형의 단심실과 부정맥이 많이 동반되어 폰탄 수술의 결과가 좋지 않은 것으로 알려져 있다. 이 환자들에 대한 심장외 도관 폰탄 수술의 치근 결과를 연구하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1996년부터 2005년까지 기능적 단심실로 폰탄 수술을 받은 62명(연령: $54.79\pm33.97$개월)의 이소성증후군 환자들에 대하여 심장외 도관 폰탄 수술을 시행하였다. 좌측 이소성 환자가 21명이었고, 우측 이소성 환자가 41명이었다. 2명을 제외한 모든 환자들에서 양방향성 대정맥폐동맥 단락술을 시행하였으며, 천공은 좌측 이소성에서 더 적게 필요하였다. 걸과: 좌측 이소성 군에서 하대정맥 단절과 폐동정맥루가 더 많았으며, 우측 이소성 군에서 페정맥의 연결 이상,공통 방실판막과 우심실형의 단심실이 더 많았다. 병원 내 사망은 3예$(4.8\%)$였으며, $48.8\pm31.0$개월간 추적 관찰하여 만기 사망은 3예$(5.2\%)$였다. 누적생존율은 8년에 좌측 이소성에서 $90.5\pm6.4\%$와 우측 이소성에서 $88.6\pm5.4\%$로 차이가 없었다(p=0.94). 재수술의 자유도는 8년에 좌측이소성에서 $73.9\pm11.3\%$와 우측 이소성에서 $82.3\pm6.7\%$ 로 차이가 없었다(p=0.87). 술 후 이소성증후군에서 방실판막 페쇄부전이 진행하였으며, 좌측 이소성 군에서는 폐동정맥루에 대한 재수술과 동결절 기능장애에 의한 인공심박조율기 삽입이 더 필요하였다. 걸론: 이소성증후군이 있는 기능적 단심실 환자는 심장외 도관 폰탄 수술, 천공, 단계적 수술과 동반된 기형의 적극적인 수술로 폰탄 수술 후 생존율은 호전되었다. 그러나 수술 후 방실판막 폐쇄부전, 부정맥, 그리고 페동정맥루에 대한 술 후 지속적인 추적 관찰이 필요하다.

Keywords

References

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