Long-Term Results for Repair of Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ventricular Septum

온전한 심실중격를 가진 폐동맥 폐쇄증에 대한 수술적 치료의 장기 결과

  • Lee Chang-Ha (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute) ;
  • Hwang Seong Wook (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute) ;
  • Lim Hong Gook (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute) ;
  • Kim Woong-Han (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim Chong Whan (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute) ;
  • Lee Cheul (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute)
  • 이창하 (세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소) ;
  • 황성욱 (세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소) ;
  • 임홍국 (세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소) ;
  • 김웅한 (서울대학교병원 흉부외과, 서울대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 김종환 (세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소) ;
  • 이철 (세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소)
  • Published : 2005.06.01

Abstract

Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum is morphologically heterogeneous, and the surgical outcome remains suboptimal compared to other complex congenital heart defects. We evaluated the long-term results for repair of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum, Material and Method: Between January 1992 and June 2004, 38 patients underwent repair of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum. The average age was 18 days $(2\~382\;days)$. The average Z-value of the tricuspid annulus diameter was -3.1$(-5.6\~0.8)$. Thirteen $(36\%)$ patients had right ventricle-to-coronary artery fistulas, and $4(11\%)$ patients had right ventricle-dependent coronary circulation. Average follow-up was 55 months $(3\;months\~2.2\;years)$, Result: Twenty-four patients under-went initial right ventricle (RV) decompression and 14 patients underwent systemic-to-pulmonary arterial shunt only. The average size of the tricuspid annulus of the patients who underwent RV decompression was significantly larger than that of the patients who underwent systemic-to-pulmonary arierial shunt only (Z-value -2.2 vs. -4.8, p=0.000). There were $5(13\%)$ early and 1 late deaths. Early deaths occurred in 3 patients who had undergone RV decompression, and in 2 patients who had undergone systemic-to-pulmonary arterial shunt only (p=1.0). Biventricular repair was achieved in $12(32\%)$ patients, single ventricular repair in $8(21\%)$, and one and a half ventricular repair in $4(l1\%)$ patients. Nine $(24\%)$ patients are waiting for the definitive repair. Kaplan-Meier survival at 5 and 8 years was $83.2\%$, respectively. Conclusion: Most of the deaths occurred after the initial palliation. Overall long-term survival was satisfactory. Early mortality should be reduced with careful preoperative evaluation and proper surgical strategy.

온전한 심실중격을 가진 폐동맥 폐쇄증은 병변의 다양성으로 인하여 여러 가지의 외과적 술식이 요구되는 질환이다. 본 연구에서는 온전한 심실중격을 가진 폐동맥 폐쇄증으로 수술을 받은 환자들을 대상으로 수술 방법에 따른 결과 및 장기 성적에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1992년 1월부터 2004년 6월 사이에 외과적 치료를 받았던 총 38명의 환자들을 대상으로 하였다. 평균 연령은 18일$(2\~382일)$이었으며, 삼첨판막륜 크기의 평균 Z값은 $-3.1(-5.6\~0.8)$이었다. 우심실-관상동맥루를 동반한 환자는 13명$(36\%)$이었으며, 우심실의존 관상동맥순환을 보인 환자는 4명$(11\%)$이었다. 평균 추적기간은 55개월(3개월-12.2년)이었다. 결과: 24명의 환자들에서 우심실 감압술이 시행되었고, 14명의 환자들에서는 체폐동맥 단락술만이 시행되었다. 우심실 감압술을 시행받은 환자들의 평균 삼첨판막륜 Z-값은 $-2.2\pm1.1$로 체폐동맥 단락술만 시행받은 환자들의 평균 Z값 $-4.8\pm0.6$보다 컸다(p=0.000). 5명$(13\%)$의 조기 사망과 1명의 만기 사망이 발생하였다. 조기 사망은 우심실 감압술을 시행받은 환자들 중 3명$(13\%)$, 체페동맥 단락술만 시행받은 환자들 중에서 2명$(14\%)$이 발생하였다(p=1.0). 양심실 교정을 받은 환자가 12명$(32\%)$, 단심실 교정을 받은 환자가 8명$(21\%)$, 부분양심실 교정을 받은 환자가 4명$(11\%)$, 최종 교정을 기다리고 있는 환자가 9명$(24\%)$이었다. Kaplan-Meier방법으로 산출한 5년 및 8년 생존율은 $83.2\%$이었다. 결론: 대부분의 사망은 초기 수술 후에 발생하였으며, 양심실 혹은 단심실 교정을 의도한 군간에 사망률의 차이는 없었다. 전체적인 장기 생존율은 비교적 양호하였다. 환자 각각의 삼첨판막륜 및 우심실 크기, 그리고 관상동맥 이상 유무를 정확히 평가하여 적절한 수술 방법을 적용하면 조기 사망률의 개선을 기대할 수 있으리라 생각한다.

Keywords

References

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