Journal of Microbiology

The Microbiological Society of Korea (한국미생물학회)
권호 표지

Axenic Culture of Gyrodinium impudicum Strain KG03, a Marine Red-tide Microalga that Produces Exopolysaccharide

  • Published : 2004.12.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

An exopolysaccharide-producing microalgal dinoflagellate was isolated from a red-tide bloom and des­ignated strain KG03. A bacteria-free culture of strain KG03 was achieved using a modified wash with phototaxis and antibiotic treatment. Combined treatment with neomycin and cephalosporin was the most effective for eliminating the bacteria associated with the microalgae. Strain KG03 was identified as Gyrodinium impudicum by analyzing the ITS regions of the 5.8S rDNA, 18S rDNA, morphological phenotype and fatty acid composition. The exopolysaccharide production and cell growth in a 300-ml photobioreactor were increased 2.7- and 2.4-fold, respectively, compared with that in a flask culture at the first isolation step.

Keywords

References

  1. Adachi, M., Y. Sako, and Y. Ishida. 1996. Analysis of Alexandrium (Dinophyceae) species using sequences of the 5.8S ribosomal DNA and internal transcribed spacer regions. J. Phycol. 32, 424-432
  2. Cho, E.S., G.Y. Kim, B.D. Choi, L.L. Rhodes, T.J. Kim, G.H. Kim, and J.D. Lee. 2001. A comparative study of harmful dinoflagellates Cochlodinium polykrikoides and Gyrodinium impudicum using transmission electron microscopy, fatty acid composition, carotenoid content, DNA quantification and gene sequences. Botanica Marina 44, 57-66
  3. Chun, J. 1995. Computer-assisted classification and identification of actinomycetes. Ph.D. Thesis. Univ. Newcastle, Newcastleupon-Tyne, UK
  4. Doucette, G.J., and C.L. Powell. 1998. Algal-bacterial interactions: Can they determine the PSP-related toxicity of dinoflagellates? p. 406-409. In Reguera, B. (ed.), Harmful Algae. Xunta de Galicia and Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO
  5. Droop, M.R. 1967. A procedure for routine purification of algal cultures with antibiotics. Br. Phycol. Bull. 3, 295-297
  6. Dubois, M., K.A. Gilles, J.K. Hamilton, P.A. Rebers, and F. Smith. 1956. Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Anal. Chem. 38, 350-356
  7. Fogg, G., and B. Thake. 1987. Algal Cultures and Phytoplankton Ecology, p. 19-20. The University of Wisconsin Press, Madison
  8. Guillard, R.R.L. 1975. Culture of phytoplankton for feeding marine invertebrates, p. 29-60. In Smith, W.L. and M.H. Chanley (eds.), Culture of Marine Invertebrate Animals. Plenum, New York
  9. Hanson, G., N. Daugbjerg, and P. Henriken. 2000. Comparative study of Gymnodinium mikimoto and Gymnodinium aureolum, comb. nov. (=Gymnodinium aureolum) based on morphology, pigment composition, and molecular data. J. Phycol. 36, 394-410
  10. Imai, I. and M. Yamaguchi. 1994. A simple technique for establishing axenic cultures of phytoflagellates. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Microb. Ecol. 9, 15-17
  11. Lewin, R.A. 1959. The isolation of algae. Res. Algol. 3, 181-19
  12. Linton, J.D. 1990. The relationship between metabolite production and the growth efficiency of the producing organisms. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 75, 1-18
  13. Park, J.G. and Y.S. Park. 1999. Comparison of morphological characteristics and the 24S rRNA sequences of Cochlodinium polykrikoides and Gyrodinium impudicum. J. Kor. Soc. Oce. 4, 363-370
  14. Pringsheim, E.G. 1951. Handbook of Biological Methods, AbtXI (II), p. 377-406. AlgenKultur
  15. Robert R. and L. Guillard. 1973 In. Stein J. R. (eds.) Handbook of Phycological Methods, p. 289-311. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
  16. Saitou, N. and M. Nei. 1987. The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol. Biol. Evol. 4, 406-425
  17. Sako, Y., C.H. Kim, and Y. Ishida. 1992. Mendelian inheritance of paralytic shellfish poisoning in the marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 56, 692-694
  18. Singh, H.T., Y. Oshima, and T. Yasumoto. 1982. Growth and toxicity of Protogonyaulax tamarensis in axenic culture. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish 48, 1341-1343 https://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.48.1341
  19. Sutherland, I.W. 1990. Biotechnology of microbial exopolysaccharides. Cambridge studies in Biotechnology, vol. 9. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
  20. Thompson, J.D., D.G. Higgins, and T.J. Gibson. 1994. CLUSTAL W: Improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Res. 22, 4673-4680
  21. Vincenzini, M., R. De Philippis, C. Sili, and D. Materassi. (1990). A novel exopolysaccharide from a filamentous cyanobacterium: production, chemical characterization and rheological properties, p. 295-310. In E. A. Dawes (ed.), Novel biodegradable microbial polymers, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
  22. Yim, J.H., S.J. Kim, S.H. Ahn, J.H. Lee, K.T. Rhie, and H.G. Lee. 2004. Antiviral effects of sulfated exopolysaccharide from the marine microalga Gyrodinium impudicum strain KG03. Mar. Biotechnol. 6, 17-25