Journal of Community Nutrition

The Korean Society of Community Nutrition (대한지역사회영양학회)
권호 표지

The Relative Influence of Diet and Physical Activity on Obesity in China

  • Cui Zhao-Hui (National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention) ;
  • Li Yan-Ping (National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention) ;
  • Di Yu-Feng (National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention) ;
  • Ba Lei (National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention) ;
  • Hu Xiaoqi (National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention) ;
  • Ma Guan-Sheng (National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention)
  • Published : 2004.12.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relative influence of diet and physical activity on obesity. The subjects were 155 adults aged 35-52 years from 24 neighborhood committees in 4 urban districts of Beijing (male : 78, female : 77). They were divided into normal weight, overweight and obese groups according to their BMI. The general information of the subjects was collected by interview-administered questionnaire. Dietary intake was obtained by three-day(two weekdays and one weekend day) food weighted method, physical activity was assessed by a validated combination of data obtained from activity monitors, bicycling information and activity records. There were no significant differences of age, gender, height, educational, family economic level, smoking and drinking between different groups. The proportion of flour intake was higher in obese group compared to normal weight and overweight groups, and that of vegetables is lower in obese group. The physical activity (PAL) was not significantly different between two groups of the normal, overweight and obese groups. After the adjustment for confounding factors using logistic regression model, we found that the proportion of flour intake was positively associated with obesity, while the proportion of vegetable intake was inversely associated with obesity. It is concluded that dietary patterns were associated with obesity and diets composed of more vegetables and less staple combined with physical activities could contribute to obesity prevention.

Keywords

References

  1. Agus M (2000) : Dietary composition and physiologic adaptations to energy restriction. Am J Clin Nutr 71 : 901-907 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/71.4.901
  2. Ainsworth BE, Haskell WL, Whitt MC (2000) : Compendium of physical activities : an update of activity codes and MET intensities. Med Sci Sports Exerc 32 : S498-S516 https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200009001-00009
  3. Andersen RE, Crespo CJ, Bartlett SJ (1998) : Relationship of physical activity and television watching with body weight and level of fatness among children : Results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA 279 : 938-942 https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.279.12.938
  4. Bouchard C, Despres JP, Tremblay A(1993) : Exercise and obesity. Obes Res 1: 133-147 https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1550-8528.1993.tb00603.x
  5. Brown WJ, Dobson AJ, Mishra G(1998) : What is a healthy weight for middle aged women? Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 22 : 520-528 https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0800617
  6. Ching PLYH, Willett WC, Rimm EB (1996) : Activity level and risk of overweight in male health professionals. Am J Public Health 86 : 25-30 https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.86.1.25
  7. Coakley EH, Kawachi I, Manson JE(1998) : Lower levels ofphysical functioning are associated with higher body weight among middle-aged and older women. Int IObes Relat Metab Disord 22 : 958-965 https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0800698
  8. David S, Ludwig (2000) : Dietary glycemic index and obesity. J Nutr 130 : 280S-283S https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/130.2.280S
  9. Dietz WH, Gortmaker SL(1985) : Do we fatten our children at the television set? Obesity and television viewing in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 75 : 807-812
  10. DiPietro L(1995) : Physical activity, body weight, and adiposity an epidemiologic perspective. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews 23 : 275-303
  11. Duncan GE(2001) : Can sedentary adults accurately recall the intensity of their physical activity? Prev Med 33:18-26 https://doi.org/10.1006/pmed.2001.0847
  12. Febbraio MA (2000) : Pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion, glucose kinetics, and muscle glycogen use : effect of glycemic index. J Appl Physiol 89 : 1845-1851 https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2000.89.5.1845
  13. French SA, Jeffery RW, Forster JL(1994) : Predictors of weight change over two years among a population of working adults: the Healthy Worker Project. Inter J Obes 18 : 145-154
  14. Gortmaker SL, Must A, Sobol AM, Peterson K(1996) : Television viewing as a cause of increasing obesity among children in the United States, 1986-1990. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 150 : 356-362 https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1996.02170290022003
  15. Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (1991) : Chinese food composition table. Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House
  16. Irwin ML (2001) : Estimation of energy expenditure from physical actiivty measures: determinants of accuracy. Obes Res 9 : 517-525 https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2001.68
  17. Kaye FP, Susanna HH, Janette CB (2002) : International table of glycemic index and glycemic load values. Am J Clin Nutr 76 : 5-56 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/76.1.5
  18. Lahti-Koski M, Pietinen P, Heliovaara M(2002) : Associations of body mass index and obesity with physical activity, food choices, alcohol intake, and smoking in 1982-1997 FlNRISK Studies. Am J Clin Nutr 75 : 809-817 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/75.5.809
  19. Li Y, Ma G(2002) : Nutrition and health action of vegetable. Nutrition and health, p.2
  20. McCrory MA, Fuss PJ, McCallum JE, Yao M, Roberts SB (1999) : Dietary variety within food groups: association with energy intake and body fatness in adult men and women. Am J Clin Nutr 69 : 440-447 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/69.3.440
  21. Morvarid Kabir, Salwa W. Rizkalla, Annie Quignard-Boulange (1998) : A high glycemic index starch diet affects lipid storagerelated enzymes in normal and to a lesser extent in diabetic rats. J Nutr 128 : 1878-1883 https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/128.11.1878
  22. Obarzanek E, Schreiber GB, Crawford PB (1994) : Energy intake and physical activity in relation to indexes of body fat : the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study. Am J Clin Nutr 60 : 15-22 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/60.1.15
  23. Pawlak D (2000) : Long term feeding with high glycemic index starch leads to obesity in mature rats. Proc Nutr Soc Aust 24 : 215 (abstr)
  24. Schoeller DA (1990) : Inaccuracies in self-reported intake identified by comparison with the doubly labelled water method. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 68 : 941-949 https://doi.org/10.1139/y90-143
  25. Schoeller DA (1990) : How accurate is self-reported dietary energy intake? Nutr Rev 48 : 373-379 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.1990.tb02882.x
  26. Slabber M (1994) : Effects of a low-insulin-reponse, energy-restricted diet on weight loss and plasma insulin concentrations in hyperinsulinemic obese females. Am J Clin Nutr 60 : 48-53 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/60.1.48
  27. Slattery ML, McDonald A, Bild DE(1992) : Associations of body fat and its distribution with dietary intake, physical activity, alcohol, and smoking in blacks and whites. Am J Clin Nutr 55 : 943-950 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/55.5.943
  28. Stefanick ML, Mackey S, Sheehan M (1998) : Effects of diet and exercise in men and postmenopausal women with low levels of HDL cholesterol and high levels of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. N Engl J Med 339 : 12-20 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199807023390103
  29. Thomas DE, et al (1991) : Carbohydrate feeding before exercise: effect of glycemic index. Int J Sports Med 12 : 180-186 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1024664
  30. Williamson DF, Madans J, Anda RF(1993) : Recreational physical activity and ten-year weight change in a US national cohort. Inter J Obes 17 : 279-286
  31. Wu Xianzhen (1999) : Obesity status investigation and risk factors analysis of primary and high school student of Xicheng district, Beijing. Chin Sch Health 20 : 8-9
  32. Yao M, McCrory MA, Ma G(2003) : Relative influence of diet and physical activity on body composition in urban Chinese adults. Am J Clin Nutr 77:1409-1416 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/77.6.1409