대한지리학회지 (Journal of the Korean Geographical Society)

대한지리학회 (The Korean Geographical Society)
권호 표지

유럽 단일항공시장 형성에 관한 지역주의적 접근 - EU의 미국에 대한 전략적 대응 관점에서 -

An Approach to Regionalism on the Creation of a European Single Aviation Market: From the Viewpoint of the EU's Strategic Response against the US

  • 서정욱 (외교통상부 국제에너지물류과)
  • Suh Jeongwook (International Energy and Logistics Division, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade)
  • 발행 : 2004.12.01
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

세계항공시장은 최근 세계화의 흐름속에서 자유화. 규제완화, 민영화 추세에 있으며. 항공자유화를 지역적 단위에서 실현하는 지역블록화 현상이 뚜렷해지고 있다. 본 연구는 세계항공시장의 지역블록화 현상과 그 배후에 작용하고 있는 정치경제학적인 메카니즘을 유럽 단일항공시장 형성을 중심으로 고찰한다. 연구결과 유럽 단일항공시장 형성은 미국이라는 거대한 항공시장의 역내 자유화와 이를 바탕으로 한 미국중심의 범세계적 항공자유화 네트워크 구축에 대응하여 유럽 항공산업의 대미경쟁력 제고를 위한 전략적 고려의 산물이라는 것을 보여 준다. 보다 구체적으로 유럽 단일항공시장은 미국의 유럽 항공산업에 대한 분리지배 및 포위전략에 맞서 유럽항공사들이 세계최대의 항공노선인 북대서양 노선에서 미국항공사들과 보다 효율적으로 경쟁할 수 있도록 하기 위한 유럽연합 차원의 전략적 대응이라는 현상을 보여준다. 최근 유럽 단일항공시장은 주변의 지중해연안국가 및 발칸국가들까지 편입시킴으로써 범유럽항공협력의 지속적인 추진과 유럽공동항공지역의 확대 및 심화를 통해 향후 역외국가와의 교섭에 있어 협상 레버리지를 더욱 높여 나가려는 추세에 있다. 이러한 연구결과는 우리나라를 포함한 동북아 지역도 항공부문의 지역주의를 창설하는 것이 역내 항공산업의 발전 및 역외교섭력 제고면에서 시급하다는 것을 시사한다.

With the flow of globalization, world aviation markets are showing growing trends toward liberalization, deregulation, and privatization. At the same time, also apparent is a strong trend toward regionalism on aviation markets to realize open skies at the regional level. This research examines the recent trend of regionalism in the world aviation market from a political economic perspective, taking a single European aviation market as an example. The results show that the creation of a single European aviation market is the EU's strategic response against the US to enhance the European aviation industry's competitiveness. More specifically, the results show that the European countries are creating a single European aviation market in order to stand against the US' so-called 'divide and nile policy' and 'encirclement strategy' and to make their airliners to have competitive advantages over the US airliners on the lucrative North-Atlantic air routes. Recently, the single European aviation market is expanding by including the Mediterranean and Balkan states to pursue Pan European aviation cooperation and to develop European Common Aviation Area so that it can continuously enhance its negotiating leverage against external markets. The results imply that it is urgent for the Northeast Asian countries to create their own regional aviation bloc to develop their aviation industry and to increase their negotiating power against external countries.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. 건설교통부, 1995, 속초지역 공항개발 기본조사 설계 최종보고서
  2. 건설교통부, 1999, 전주신공항건설 타당성 재검토
  3. 김제철, 2003, 21세기 항공운송 환경변화와 항공정책방향, 교통개발연구원
  4. 박기찬, 1992a, 'EC 항공자유화정책의 최신 동향.' 항공교통(2), 16-28
  5. 박기찬, 1992b, '1993년 이후 EC와 한국간의 항공관계 전망,' 항공교통(2), 29-50
  6. 신동춘, 2001, 항공운송정책론, 선학사
  7. 외교통상부, 2004, EU 개황
  8. 이승창, 2001, 항공자유화에 따른 경제적 효과에 관한 연구, 한국항공우주법학회
  9. 인천국제공항, 2001, 인천국제공항 마스터플랜 재검토 보고서
  10. 정인교, 2001, FTA 시대에 어떻게 대처할 것인가?, 대외경제정책연구원
  11. 홍석진, 1998, 항공자유화(규제완화)와 전략적 제휴-생존전략의 모색, 교통물류(봄/여름호), 한진교통물류연구원
  12. 홍석진, 2004, '동북아 항공물류허브 구축을 위한 항공자유화 정책의 추진방안,' 대외경제정책연구원
  13. Bailey, E., Graham, D. and Kaplan, D., 1985, Deregulating the Airlines, MIT Press
  14. Baldwin, R., 1993, A domino theory of regionalism, NBER (National Bureau of Economic Research) Working Paper, No.4465(Sep.)
  15. Banfe, C., 1992, Airline Management, Prince Hall
  16. Borenstein, S., The evolution of U.S. airline competition, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 6, 45-73
  17. Button, K., 1998, Opening U.S. skies to global airline competition, Trade Policy Analysis, CATO Institute Center for Trade Policy Studies
  18. Button, K., 2003, Implementation of the process of the European Common Air Transport Market and the Common Air Transport Policy, EWC/KOTI Conference
  19. Caves, R., 1962, Air Transport and Its Regulators: An Industry Study, Harvard University Press, Cambridge
  20. Cooper, R., 1993, Round table on Regional Integration, in De Melo and Panagariya (ed.), New Dimensions in Regional Integration, Cambridge University Press
  21. DeMelo and Panagariya, 1993, The new regionalism: a country perspective, in De Melo and Panagariya (ed.), New Dimensions in Regional Integration, Cambridge University Press
  22. Doganis, R., 2001, The Airline Business in the 21st Century, Routledge
  23. Doganis, R., 2002, Flying Off Course: The Economics of International Airlines (3rd. ed.), Routledge
  24. Fraser, Donherser, and Miller, 1972, Civil Aviation Development: A Policy and Operations Analysis, Praeger, New York
  25. ICAO, 1995, Manual on Air Traffic Demand
  26. ICAO, 1999, Annual Report of the Council
  27. ICAO, 2004, Annual Report of the Council
  28. Kahn, A., 1990, Deregulation: looking backward and looking forward, Yale Journal on Regulation, 7, 325-54
  29. Kasper, D., 1988, Deregulation and Globalization, Ballinger, Cambridge
  30. Keeler, T., 1991, Airline deregulation and market performance: the economic basis for regulatory reform and lessons from the U.S. experience, in Bannister and Button (ed.), Transport in a Free Market Economy, Macmillan
  31. Krugman, P., 1992, Does the new trade theory require a new trade policy? World Economy, 15, 423-41
  32. Krugman, P., 1993, Regionalism versus multilateralism analytical notes, in De Melo and Panagariya (ed.) New dimensions in Regional Integration, Cambridge University Press
  33. Lawrence, R., 1991, Emerging regional arrangements: building blocks or stumbling blocks? in Richard O'Brien (ed.), Finance and the International Economy, Oxford University Press
  34. Levine, M., 1987, Airline competition in deregulated markets: theory, firm strategy, and public policy, Yale Journal on Regulation, 4, 393-494
  35. Martindale, D., 1988, Ten years after deregulation, Travel Weekly, Oct
  36. McConnell, J., 2001, International trade: geographic Aspects, in Smelser and Baltes (ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, Pergamon, Oxford, 7848-7852
  37. Meyer, J., and Oster, C., 1987, Deregulation and the Future of Intercity Passenger Travel, MIT Press
  38. Morrison, S. and Winston, C., 1986, The Economic Effects of Airline Deregulation, Brookings Institute
  39. Morrison, S. and Winston, C., 1990, The dynamics of airline pricing and competition, American Economic Review, 80, 389-93
  40. Morrison, S. and Winston, C., 1995, The Evolution of the Airline Industry, Brookings Institute
  41. Morrison, S. and Winston, C., 1999, Regulatory reform of US intercity transportation, in Peltzman and Winston (ed.), Deregulation of Network Industries: What's Next?, AEI-Brookings Joint Center for Regulatory Studies, 1-40
  42. Morrison, S. and Winston, C., 2000, The remaining role for government policy in the deregulated airline industry, in Gomez-Ibanez, Tye, and Winston (ed.), Essays in Transportation Economics and Policy, Brookings Institute
  43. Murias, R., 1989, The Economic Regulation of International Air Transport, Jefferson: McFarland
  44. Pavaux, J., 1994, Le Transport Aerien a l'Horizon 2020, Institut du Transport Aerien, Paris
  45. Reiss, P. and Spiller, P., 1989, Competition and entry in small airline markets, Journal of Law and Economics, 32, 179-202
  46. Shaw, S., 1990, Airline Marketing and Management (3rd. ed.), Pittman Publishing, London
  47. Toh, R., 1998, Toward an international open skies regime: advances, impediments, and impacts, Journal of Air Transportation World Wide, 3(1), 61-71
  48. US Department of Transportation, 1999, International Aviation Developments: Global Deregulation Takes Off
  49. US Department of Transportation, 2000, Transatlantic Deregulation-The Alliance Network Effect
  50. Viner, J., 1950, The Customs Union Issue, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, New York
  51. Wonnacott and Lutz, 1989, Is there a case for free trade areas? in Schott, J. (ed.), Free Trade Areas and US Trade Policy, Institute for International Economics, Washington D.C. 59-84
  52. Zhang, A., 2002, Assessment of Intra-China Transportation and Logistics Services Industry: Focus on Shanghai Region, EWC/KOTI Conference
  53. Zhang, A., and Zhang, Y., 2002, Issues on liberalization of air cargo services in international aviation, Journal of Air Transport Management, 8, 275-287