대한지리학회지 (Journal of the Korean Geographical Society)

대한지리학회 (The Korean Geographical Society)
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은행 자동화기기(CD/ATM기)의 공간 분포에 관한 연구

Spatial Analysis of Bank's ATMs in Korea

  • 발행 : 2004.12.01
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초록

본 연구는 은행 자동화기기(CD/ATM기)의 공간적 분포와 입지요인 분석을 통해 금융정보화 시대의 역동적인 공간 변화의 한 면모를 밝히고자 하였다. 자동화기기의 공간적 분포는 은행 점포와 비슷한 양상을 보였으므로. 입지계수 분석을 통해 두 분포의 상대적 차이를 밝혔다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 자동화기기의 입지에 중요한 영향을 끼치는 네 가지 요인을 규명하였다. 은행 점포의 입지에는 자동화기기에 비해 지역 경제기반 및 지역경제력 요인의 영향이 상대적으로 중요한데 반해. 자동화기기의 입지에는 인구나 수요유발 요인의 영향이 상대적으로 크게 작용하였다. 이러한 차이는 자동화기기와 은행 점포에서 제공되는 서비스가 차별적이라는 데 기인한다. 한편, 지역별로 점포와 자동화기기의 상대적 분포 차이를 가져오는 데 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 요인은 수요유발 요인으로 나타났다. 이는 점포에 비해 자동화기기의 설치 및 운영비용이 현저히 낮아 현금 수요가 빈번한 곳에 유동적으로 설치될 수 있기 때문이다.

Based on a case study of bank's Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs) in Korea, this paper attempts to reveal dynamic changes occurring across the financial landscape with special emphasis on distribution pattern and location factors. Since the distribution of ATMs showed a concentrated pattern similar to that of bank branches, location quotients were examined to consider the effect of branches on ATM distribution. Furthermore, this study identified four factors that play pivotal roles in the location of ATMs. Compared to branch, location of ATM was more closely related to the population and demand factor, while the importance of local economy base and local economic power factor was reduced to some degree. This difference is attributable to the peculiar characteristic of the services offered by ATM. Lastly, demand factor turned out to be most influential in determining the ratio of ATMs to branches in each district, since lower deployment and operation costs allow ATMs to be more flexibly placed where demand for cash services is high.

키워드

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