Diagnostic Performance of Routine Objective Tests and Cost-Effective Approach for Chronic Cough

만성 기침의 진단 성적과 경제적 접근 모델

  • Jeon, Gang (Hallym University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine) ;
  • Jang, Seung Hun (Hallym University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine) ;
  • Song, Hae Geun (Hallym University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine) ;
  • Ha, Jun-Wook (Hallym University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine) ;
  • Eom, Kwang-Seok (Hallym University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine) ;
  • Bahn, Joon-Woo (Hallym University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Dong-Gyu (Hallym University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine) ;
  • Shin, Tae Rim (Hallym University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine) ;
  • Park, Sang Myon (Hallym University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine) ;
  • Park, Yong Bum (Hallym University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Chul-Hong (Hallym University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine) ;
  • Hyun, In-Gyu (Hallym University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine) ;
  • Jung, Ki-Suck (Hallym University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine)
  • 전강 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 장승훈 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 송혜근 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 하준욱 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 엄광석 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 반준우 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 김동규 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 신태림 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 박상면 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 박용범 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 김철홍 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 현인규 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 정기석 (한림대학교 의과대학 내과학교실)
  • Received : 2004.06.30
  • Accepted : 2004.10.12
  • Published : 2004.12.30

Abstract

Background : Despite the clinical clues of bronchial asthma, some chronic coughers fail to be diagnosed due to negative test results. This study was aimed at evaluating the diagnostic performance of routine objective tests and identifying a cost-effective approach for asthmatics with a chronic cough. Methods : Patients with a chronic cough of more than 3 weeks duration, and showing normal chest radiograph and spirometry were enrolled. On the first visit, objective tests, composed of serum total IgE, peripheral blood eosinophil count, spontaneous sputum eosinophil count, methacholine bronchial provocation test (MBPT) and paranasal sinus radiograph, were performed, with the simultaneous administration of oral prednisolone (0.5mg/kg) for one week. The final diagnoses were made on the basis of the test results, and the patients grouped according to their steroid responsiveness. The role of the etiologic diagnosis tests was evaluated, and the medical costs of the final management plan simulated with respect to three assumed models. Results : Sixty chronic coughers were finally analyzed. The final diagnoses were as follows: bronchial asthma 21.7%, eosinophilic bronchitis 6.7%, paranasal sinusitis 18.3%, presumptive allergy 8.3% and non-diagnostic case 45.0%. Ninety percent were steroid responder. With the bronchial asthma cases, the positive rate of MBPT was 38.5%, with sputum eosinophil count in 84.6%, serum total IgE in 38.5%, and a peripheral blood eosinophil count rate of 30.8%. When the test results and steroid responsiveness data were applied to the 3 models, the chest radiograph, spirometry, sputum eosinophil count and paranasal sinus radiograph test results, and simultaneous short term steroid treatment seemed to have acceptable diagnostic performances, which could be used as a further guide to cost-effective planning. Conclusion : Objective tests, composed of chest radiograph, spirometry, paranasal sinus radiograph and sputum eosinophil count, with simultaneous short term steroid treatment, are suggested as cost-effective approaches for asthmatics with a chronic cough.

연구배경 : 본 연구는 만성 기침 환자의 원인 진단을 위하여 흔히 사용되는 검사의 진단 성적을 알아보고, 이들에 대한 경제적 진료모델을 구축하기 위하여 시행하였다. 방 법 : 3주 이상의 만성 기침 환자를 대상으로 첫 내원일에 혈청 총 IgE, 말초혈액 호산구, 객담 호산구, 메타콜린 기관지유발검사, 부비동 촬영을 시행하는 동시에 prednisolone 0.5mg/kg를 7일간 경구 투약하고 추적 방문토록 하였다. 추적일에 환자 증상의 개선도에 따라 스테로이드 반응군과 불응군으로 분류하고 검사의 진단성적을 조사하였다. 조사된 환자 검사 결과와 스테로이드 반응률을 근거로 만성 기침 환자를 진료하는데 소요되는 의료 비용을 가상적인 3가지 진료 모델에 대입하여 비교하였다. 결 과 : 60명의 만성 기침 환자가 최종 분석되었고, 스테로이드 경구 투여로 기침의 호전이 있었던 경우는 90.0%였다. 내원시에 단순흉부방사선 검사, 기본 폐기능 검사, 객담 호산구 검사, 부비동방사선 검사를 시행하면서 동시에 단기간 스테로이드를 투여하여 약제 반응성을 살피는 것이 진단 성적을 유지하면서 향후 치료 방침을 세우는 비용-효과적 방법이었다. 결 론 : 만성 기침 환자를 진료할 때 검사를 시행하는 동시에 스테로이드를 단기간 투여하는 것이 검사의 진단적 한계를 극복하고 최종 진료 지침을 세우는 동시에 사회적 의료비용을 줄이는 방법이 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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