Information Systems Review (경영정보학연구)

The Korea Society of Management Information Systems (한국경영정보학회)
권호 표지

A Comparison of Internet Practices between U.S. and South Korean Firms from Value Chain Perspective

한.미 기업의 인터넷 활용 비교 연구: 가치사슬을 중심으로

  • Lee, Seog-Jun (College of Business, KonKuk University) ;
  • Nam, Kyung-Doo (College of Economics and Commerce, KonKuk University) ;
  • Koh, Chang-E. (Department of Business Computer Information Systems, College of Business Administration, University of North Texas)
  • Published : 2004.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The Internet is now an ubiquitous technology in business and possesses the potential to make the concept of value chain into an attainable reality. We posit that the way the Internet is utilized, the extent of the Internet's impact on business performance, and the extent the firms are prepared to take advantage of the Internet varies from country to country and from industry to industry. Based on data collected from 54 firms in the U.S. and 135 in South Korea, we compared the two countries (U.S. and South Korea) and two major industry groups (manufacturing and service) regarding the pattern of Internet utilization on the Internet from a value chain perspective. The findings show that U.S. companies utilize the Internet more extensively in such areas as human resources management, automation, sales, and advertising than the South Korean counterparts. However, we did not find a statistically significant difference in the way the two countries use the Internet within a value chain model. We also compared Internet practices by industry sector (i.e., service vs. manufacturing) within each country. The results show that firms in the service sector tend to use the Internet more extensively than the manufacturing counterparts in both countries. Particularly in Korea the difference between the sectors was significant in the extent to which they utilized the Internet to support such business activities as inter-organizational alliance, communication, and marketing.

본 연구에서는 기업에서의 인터넷 활용과 적용이 어떻게 이루어지고 있는지를 국가와 산업별로 비교 연구하였다. 미국의 54개 기업과 한국의 135개 기업을 대상으로 한 설문 조사를 통하여 국가간 인터넷 활용 정도를 비교하였으며 산업을 제조와 비제조 군으로 구분하여 산업별로 인터넷 활용에 차이가 있는지를 분석하였다 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 밝혀지지는 못하였지만, 연구 결과에 의하면 미국 기업은 인사관리, 자동화, 판매, 흥보 등의 업무분야에서 한국 기업보다 인터넷 활용도가 높은것으로 조사되었으며 전반적으로 비제조 기업들이 제조 기업들 보다 인터넷 활용도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 한국 기업의 경우 산업군별 인터넷 활용은 통계적으로도 유의한 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났으며 특히 운영 및 영업 마케팅 업무분야에 있어서 인터넷 활용도가 차이를 보이고 있는 것으로 분석되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Artto, K. A., ‘Life cycle cost concepts and methodologies,’ Journal of Cost Management, Vol. 83, No.3, 1994, pp.28-32
  2. Bakos, J. Y., ‘A strategic analysis of electronic marketplaces’, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 15, No. 3, 1991, pp.295-310
  3. Bakos, J. Y. and M.E. Treacy, ‘Information technology and corporate strategy’, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 10, No. 2, 1986, pp.107-119
  4. Banker, R. D. and R. J. Kauffman, ‘Quantifying the business value of information technology: an illustration of the ‘business value linkage’ framework’, Working paper, Stem School of Business, New York University, 1991
  5. Barna, A., P. Konana, A.B. Whinston and F. Yin, ‘Driving e-Business excellence’, Sloan Management Review, Vol. 43, No.1, 2001, pp.36-44
  6. Barna, A., C. H. Kriebel and T. Mukhopadhyay, ‘Information technologies and business value: an analytic and empirical investigation’, Information Systems Research, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1995, pp.3-23
  7. Benjamin, R and R Wigand, ‘Electronic markets and virtual value chain on the information superhighway’, Sloan Management Review, Vol. 36, No. 2, 1995, pp.62-72
  8. Berthon, P., L. F. Pitt and R. T. Watson, ‘The World Wide Web as an advertising medium: Toward an understanding of conversion efficiency’, Journal of Advertising Research, Vol. 36, No.1, 1996, pp.43-54
  9. Boer, G., ‘Management accounting beyond the year 2000’, Journal of Cost Management, Vol. 94, No. 4, 1996, pp.46-49
  10. Bollen, K. A., Structural Equations with Latent Variables, New York, NY: Wiley, 1989
  11. Business Week, ‘Broadband Boon’, April 2003
  12. Carr, C. and C. Tomkins, ‘Strategic investment decisions: the importance of SCM. A comparative analysis of 51 case studies in U.K., U.S. and German companies’, Management Accounting Research, Vol. 7, 1996, pp.199-217
  13. Chang, C. J. and N. R. Hwang, ‘The effects of country and industry an implementing value chain cost analysis’, The International Journal of Accounting, Vol. 37, 2002, pp.123-140
  14. Chan, P. and P. Artmangkorn, ‘Impact of the Internet on a Firm's Competitive Advantage’, International Journal of Management, Vol. 19, No. 1, 2002, pp.120-131
  15. Clarke, A, 'Playing catch-up', Asian Business, Vol. 35, No. 8, 1999, pp.61-63
  16. Clark, B., 'Welcome to my parlor', Marketing Management, Vol. 5, No. 4, 1997, pp.10-25
  17. Clark, M., ‘Creating Customer Value: Information-Chain-Based Management’, Information Strategy, Vol. 13, No.6, 1993
  18. Cooper, R., ‘Look out, management accountants’, Management Accounting, Vol. 77, 1996, pp.20-25
  19. Evans, J. R. and B. Berman, ‘Conceptualizing and Operationalizing the Business-to-Business Value Chain’, Industrial Marketing Management, Vol. 30, No. 2, 2001, pp.135-148
  20. Evans, P. B. and T. S. Wuster, ‘Strategy and the new economics of information’, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 75, No.5, Sep.-Oct, 1997, pp.71-82
  21. Forbes, ‘Korea's Weird Wired World’, July 2003
  22. Gadiesh, O. and J.L. Gilbert, ‘How to map your industry's profit pool’, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 76, No. 3, 1998, pp.149-162
  23. Gibson, C. F. and R. L. Nolan, ‘Managing the four stages of EDP growth’, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 52, No. 1, 1974, pp.76-87
  24. Hackney, R., G. Griffiths and A. Ranchhod, ‘Towards an E-Commerce Business Strategy’, International Journal of Services Technology and Management, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2002, pp.39-53
  25. Hergert, M. and D. Morris, ‘Accounting data for value chain analysis’, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 10, 1989, pp.175-188
  26. Hoffman, D. L. and T. P. Novak, ‘Marketing in hypermedia computer mediated environments: Conceptual foundations’, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 60, No. 3, 1996, pp.50-68
  27. Ives, B. and G.P. Learmonth, ‘The information system as a competitive weapon’, Communications of the ACM, Vol. 27, No. 12, 1984, pp.1193-1201
  28. Janssen, M. and H. G. Sol, ‘Evaluating the Role of Intermediaries in the Electronic Value Chain’, Internet Research, Vol. 10, No. 5, 2000, pp.406-417
  29. Kelley, M. R, ‘Productivity and information technology: the elusive connection’, Management Science, Vol. 40, No. 11, 1994, pp.1400-1425
  30. Koh, C. E. and K. Nam, 'Business use of the Internet: a longitudinal study from a value chain perspective', Industrial Management & Data Systems, Vol. 104, No. 3, 2004
  31. McFarlan, W., ‘Information technology changes the way you compete’, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 62, No. 3, 1984, pp.98-103
  32. Malone, T. W., 'Modeling coordination in organizations and markets', Management Science, Vol. 33, No. 10, 1987, pp.1317-1332 https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.33.10.1317
  33. Malone, T., J. Yates and R. Benjamin, 'Electronic Markets and Hierarchies,' Communications of the ACM, Vol. 30, No.6, 1987
  34. Mayer-Guell, A. M., ‘Business-to-Business Electronic Commerce’, Management Communication Quarterly, Vol. 14, No. 4, 2001, pp.644-652
  35. McFarlan, F. W. and J. L. McKenney, ‘The information archipelago - Gaps and bridges’, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 60, No. 5, 1982, pp.109-119
  36. Mishina, M., ‘Internet pushes business frontiers’, As/400 Systems Management, Vol. 26, No. 6, 1998, pp.8-9
  37. Mukhopadhyay, T., S. Kekre and S. Kalathur, ‘Business value of information technology: a study of electronic data interchange’, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 19, No. 2, 1995, pp. 137-156
  38. Normann, Rand R. Ramirez, ‘From value chain to value constellation: Designing interactive strategy’, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 71, No. 4, 1993, pp.65-77
  39. Nolan, R L., ‘Managing the crises in data processing’, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 57, No. 2, 1979, pp.115-126
  40. Palmer, J. W. and D. A. Griffith, ‘An emerging model of Web site design for marketing’, Communications of the ACM, Vol. 41, No. 3, 1998, pp.44-51
  41. Pennings, J. M. and A. Buitendam, New Technology as Organizational Innovation. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger, 1987
  42. Pine, B. J., D. Peppers and M. Rogers, ‘Do you want to keep your customer forever?’, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 73, No. 2, 1995, pp.103-108
  43. Porter, M. E., Competitive Advantage, New York: Free Press, 1985. Porter, M. E. and V. E. Millar, ‘How information gives you competitive advantage’, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 63, No.4, 1985, pp.2-13
  44. Sakar, M. B., B. Butler and C. Steinfield, ‘Intermediaries and Cybermediaries: A Continuing Role for Mediating Players in the Electronic Marketplace’, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, Vol. 1, No. 3, 1995
  45. Shank, J. K. and V. Govindarajan, ‘Strategic cost management and the value chain’, Journal of Cost Management, Vol. 63, No. 3, 1992, pp.5-21
  46. Shank, J. K. and V. Govindarajan, Strategic cost management: the new tools for competitive advantage, The Free Press, New York, 1993
  47. Shields, M. D. and S. M. Young, ‘Managing product life cycle costs: an organizational model’, Journal of Cost Management, Vol. 53, No. 3, 1991, pp.39-52
  48. Society of Management Accountants of Canada(SMAC), Value chain analysis for assessing competitive advantage, SMAC, Hamilton, Ontario, 1996
  49. Susman, G. L., ‘Product life cycle management,’ Journal of Cost Management, Vol. 32, No. 2, 1989, pp.8-12
  50. Tallon, P. P., K. L. Kraemer and V. Gurbaxani, ‘Executives' perceptions of the business value of information technology: a process-oriented approach’, Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol. 16, No. 4, 2000, pp.145-173
  51. Teo, T. S. H., V. K. G. Lim and R. Y. C. Lai, ‘Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in Internet usage’, Omega, Vol. 27, No.1, 1999, pp.25-37
  52. Whitley, R., Business systems in East Asia: firms markets, and societies, Sage, London, 1992
  53. Whitten, G. D., K. M. Casey and T. S. Ellis, ‘Electronic Economies of Scope: Investigating Synergies from Procuring and Selling on the Web’, Journal of Computer Information Systems Vol. 41, No. 1, 2000, pp.61-65
  54. Zmud, R. A., ‘Diffusion of modern software practices: Influence of centralization and formalization’, Management Science, Vol. 28, No. 12, 1982, pp.1421-1431
  55. Zmud, R. A., ‘An examination of push-pull theory applied to process innovation in knowledge work’, Management Science, Vol. 31, No.6, 1984, pp.727-738