DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Seasonal Changes of Microbiological Counts and Sanitation State on the Surface of Foodservice Facilities and Utilities

급식시설 . 설비 표면의 위생상태 및 계절별 미생물 균수의 변화

  • 김지현 (부산대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김이선 (부산대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 한지숙 (부산대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Published : 2004.12.01

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate seasonal changes of microbiological counts and sanitation state on the surface of food service facilities and utilities of elementary schools in Busan area. Samples swabbed using sponge were collected from the surface of food service facilities and utilities, that is ceiling, wall, floor, trench, grease trap, hood, pest control net and dumb waiter, and analyzed by measuring the total plate, coliform and Salmonella spp. count. The total plate counts at foodservice facilities and utilities except ceiling and wall were ranged from 10$^4$∼10$^{6}$ CFU/100 $\textrm{cm}^2$. The coliform counts were ranged from 10$^2$∼10$^4$ CFU/100 $\textrm{cm}^2$ at foodservice facilities and utilities except ceiling. The grease trap was the severely contaminated facility. It was indicated that the sanitary condition at the foodservice facilities and utilities except ceiling and wall should be improved promptly. As a result of investigating the seasonal changes of microbiological counts, floor, trench, grease trap and dumb waiter should be carried out disinfection before foodserving everyday in summer season, and the disinfection frequencies of wall, hood and pest control net should not be less than three times per week. In winter season floor, trench, and dumb waiter should be carried out disinfection after foodserving, grease trap should be carried out disinfection before foodserving everyday and the disinfection frequencies of wall, hood and pest control net should not be less than twice per week.

부산시내 초등학교 5곳을 방문하여 현 급식소에서 보유하고 있는 급식시설$.$설비에 대한HACCP 적용시 중점관리점을 파악하기 위하여 위생평가를 실시하였다. 학교 급식 시설$.$설비는 학교급식소에서 사용하고 있는 천장, 벽, 바닥, 트렌치, 그리스 트랩, 후드, 방충망, 덤웨이터 등 총 8곳으로 분류하여 총균수, 대장균군수 측정을 통해 위생상태를 확인하였다. 급식시설$.$설비 표면의 위생상태를 검사한 결과 천장, 벽을 제외한 나머지에서 $10^4$$10^{6}$ CFU/100 $\textrm{cm}^2$의 세균이 검출되어 여전히 학교급식소의 위생수준이 낮은 것으로 파악되었고 특히, 그리스 트랩의 경우가 가장 위생상태가 불량한 것으로 나타났다. 대장균군수의 경우는 천장을 제외한 나머지 장소에서 $10^2$$10^4$ CFU/100 $\textrm{cm}^2$의 세균이 검출되었고 그리스 트랩에서 가장 높은 수의 세균과 대장균이 발견되어 특별히 관리 해야 되는 부분으로 확인되었다. 또한 학교급식 시설$.$설비의 하절기 및 동절기의 위생상태를 알아보고 중점 관리 점을 제시하기 위하여 급식 후 세 척 및 소독을 실시한 다음 시간 및 요일의 경과에 따른 오염도를 측정한 결과, 하절기에는 매일 소독을 실시해야 하는 바닥, 트렌치, 그리스 트랩, 덤웨이터의 경우는 급식 전에 소독을 실시한 후 급식을 시작해야 하는 것으로 나타났고, 주 1회 소독을 실시 하는 벽, 후드, 방충망은 주 3회 이상으로 소독횟수를 늘려 실시해야 하는 것으로 나타났다. 동절기에는 바닥, 트렌치, 덤웨이터의 경우는 현재와 마찬가지로 급식 후에 소독을 실시하여야 하는 것으로 나타났고 그리스 트랩의 경우는 급식 전에 실시한 후 급식을 시작해야 하는 것으로 나타났다. 벽, 후드, 방충망은 주 2회 이상으로 소독횟수를 늘려 실시해야 하는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

  1. Management Report of School Lunch Program (2/2). 2001. The control and management of the sanitary facilities in accordance with HACCP. Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development. Seoul
  2. Lee YW. 1997. Guidelines of sanitation and safety for school lunch program. The Korean Nutrition Society, Seoul. p23-47
  3. Korea Food & Drug Administration. 2004. The epidemiological characteristics of food poisoning in Korea. Seoul
  4. Kassa H, Harrirgton B, Bisesi M, Khuder S. 2001. Comparisons of microbiological evaluation of selected kitchen areas with visual inspections for preventing potential risk of foodborne outbreaks in food service operations. J Food Protection 64: 509-513 https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-64.4.509
  5. Tebbutt GM. 1991. Development of standardized inspection in restaurants using assessments and microbiological Sam-pling to quantify the risks. Epidemiol Infect 107: 393-394 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268800049037
  6. Tebbutt GM, Southwell JM. 1989. Comparative study of visual inspections and microbiological sampling in premises manufacturing and selling high-risk foods. Epidemiol Infect 103: 475-489 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268800030880
  7. Kwak TK. 1999. Implementation of HACCP to the food-service industry and HACCP plans development. Food Industry and Nutrition 4: 1-13
  8. Lee SY, Jang YS, Choi HJ. 1999. Current status and further prospect on HACCP implementation. Food Industry and Nutrition 4: 14-26
  9. Heo YS, Lee BH. 1999. Application of HACCP for hygiene control in university foodservice facility-Focused on Vege-table dishes (Sengchae and Namul)-. J Fd Hyg Safety 14: 293-304
  10. Kim SH. 1996. Relationships between actual sanitary man agement practices during production and distribution, and microbiological quality of Dosirak items marketed in CVS. Korean J Diet Cutture 11: 235-242
  11. Kwak TK, Kim SH, Park SJ, Cho YS, Choi EH. 1996. The improvement of the sanitary production and distribution pratices for packaged meals (Kim Pab) marketed in Convenience stores using hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) system. Korean J Food Hygiene 11: 177-187
  12. Kim JE. 1998. The application of HACCP model to the development of the sanitation management tools for quality control of food service establishment. MS Thesis. Sook myoung Woman's University, Seoul, Korea
  13. Lee JS. 1999. Development of the computer-assisted HACCP system program and HACCP-based sanitation evaluation tools for institutional food service operations. MS Thesis. Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
  14. Chun HJ. 1998. The microbiological assessment of plastic container and kitchen utensils used in employee feeding foodservice operation in Seoul. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 14: 21-24
  15. Kim YS, Jeon YS, Han JS. 2001. Disinfection state and effective factors of utensils & equipments used to food service of elementary schools in Busan. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 30: 969-977
  16. Park HY, Kim KG, Shin HW, Kye SH, Yoo WC. 2000. Evaluation of microbiological hazards of cooking utensils and environment of mass catering establishments. J Fd Hyg Safety 15: 315-323
  17. Kim EM, Kim HS. 2002. Nutritional evaluation, stability of cereals and sanitation status of processing utensils and environments based on hygiene education. Korean J Com munity Nutr 7: 833-843
  18. Kim JY, Kim YS, Han JS. 2004. Disinfection state and effective factors of foodservice facilities and utilities of elementary schools in Busan-based on the characteristics of dietitian, employee and foodservice. Korean Dietetic Assoc 10: 34-46
  19. Food and Drug Administration. 1992. Bacteriotogicat analytical manual. 7th ed. AOAC International, Arlington
  20. Education of ministry. 2002. School foodservice operation
  21. Harrigan WF, McCance ME. 1976. Laboratory methods in food and dairy microbiology. Academic Press Inc, New York
  22. Jeong DK, Lyu ES. 2002. The microbiological evaluation of environments and facilities at food service operations in elementary school. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 31: 216-220 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2002.31.2.216
  23. Lee JS. 2001. Growth of Escherichia coti 0157:H7 at $21^{\circ}C$ in biofilms with microorganism isolated from meat Proc-essing environments. MS Thesis. Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
  24. Jeong DK, Lee JS. 2000. The evaluation of environmental microflora at foodservice facilities at Youngdo-Gu, Busan The Kosin J Youngdo Studies 2: 375-390
  25. Bryan FL. 1982. Microbiological hazards of feeding systems. In Microbiotogical safety of food in feeding systems. ABMPS Report No. 125, National Academy Press, Washington, DC. p 64

Cited by

  1. Evaluation and Reduction of Microbiological Hazard of Spoon and Spoon Case Carried by Nursery School Children vol.40, pp.1, 2011, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2011.40.1.116
  2. Evauation of Hygienic Status of High School Foodservice using ATP Bioluminescence Assay & Microorganism Test Strips vol.28, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2015.28.5.918
  3. Survey on Internal Facilities and Sanitary Management of Elementary, Middle, and High School Foodservice in Chonbuk Area of Korea vol.18, pp.5, 2009, https://doi.org/10.5934/KJHE.2009.18.5.1135
  4. Antioxidant Activity of Hwangki and Beni-Koji Extracts and Mixture vol.40, pp.1, 2011, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2011.40.1.001
  5. Comparison of Microbiological Risks in Hand-Contact Surfaces of Items in Cafeteria versus Items in Other Facilities in a College Campus vol.49, pp.1, 2013, https://doi.org/10.7845/kjm.2013.018
  6. Microbiological Quality Evaluation of Foods(Ojingeochaesomoochim : Vegetable Salad with Blanched Squid) That Went through Cooking Process after Heating Treatment in School Food Services vol.30, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.9724/kfcs.2014.30.1.051
  7. Developing Food Safety Education Program for Employees at School Foodservice Implementing HACCP vol.21, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2016.21.1.84
  8. The Microbiological Assessment and Identification of Food Utensils and Food Service Facilities in School vol.29, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.13103/JFHS.2014.29.3.189
  9. Effectiveness of a dry kitchen system on controlling the microbiological safety of food and contact surfaces vol.22, pp.4, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-013-0195-5
  10. 한식당 설비와 기구의 미생물 평가 vol.34, pp.10, 2005, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2005.34.10.1611
  11. Evaluation of Food Safety Management Status of Children’s Foodservice Facilities Using Sanitary Check Scores and ATP Bioluminescence Assay in Gyoengbuk Area vol.50, pp.2, 2004, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2021.50.2.196