Journal of Life Science (생명과학회지)

Korean Society of Life Science (한국생명과학회)
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Structural and Functional Analysis of Nitrogenase Fe Protein with MgADP bound and Amino Acid Substitutions

MgADP 결합 및 아미노산 치환 Nitrogenase Fe 단백질의 구조 및 기능 분석

  • Jeong, Mi-Suk (Korea Nanobiotechnology Center, Pusan National University) ;
  • Jang, Se-Bok (Korea Nanobiotechnology Center, Pusan National University)
  • Published : 2004.10.01
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Abstract

The function of the [4Fe-4S] cluster containing iron (Fe-) protein in nitrogenase catalysis is to serve as the nucleotide-dependent electron donor to the MoFe protein which contains the sites for substrate binding and reduction. The ability of the Fe protein to function in this manner is dependent on its ability to adopt the appropriate conformation for productive interaction with the MoFe protein and on its ability to change redox potentials to provide the driving force required for electron transfer. The MgADP-bound (or off) conformational state of the nitrogenase Fe protein structure described reveals mechanisms for long-range communication from the nucleotide-binding sites to control affinity of association with the MoFe protein component. Two pathways, termed switches I and II, appear to be integral to this nucleotide signal transduction mechanism. In addition, the structure of the MgADP bound Fe protein provides the basis for the changes in the biophysical properties of the [4Fe-4S] observed when Fe protein binds nucleotides. The structures of the nitrogenase Fe protein with defined amino acid substitutions in the nucleotide dependent signal transduction pathways of the Switch I and Switch II have been determined by X-ray diffraction methods. These two pathways have been also implicated by site directed mutagenesis studies, structural analysis and analogies to other proteins that utilize similar nucleotide dependent signal transduction pathways. We have examined the validity of the assignment of these pathways in linking the signals generated by MgATP binding and hydrolysis to macromolecular complex formation and intermolecular electron transfer. The results provide a structural basis for the observed biophysical and biochemical properties of the Fe protein variants and interactions within the nitrogenase Fe protein-MoFe protein complex.

Nitrogenase 촉매에서 Fe-단백질을 포함하는 [4Fe-4S] 클라스터의 기능은 기질의 결합과 환원 자리를 포함하는 MoFe-단백질로 핵산 의존 전자 주개로 작용하는 것이다. 이러한 방법의 Fe-단백질의 기능은 Mofe-단백질과 상호작용을 위해 적합한 구조를 갖추며 전자 전달을 위한 추진력을 제공하기 위해 산화 환원 퍼텐셜을 변화시키는 능력에 의존한다. Nitrogenase Fe-단백질에 MgADP가 결합한 (혹은 떨어진) 구조적 정보는 핵산 결합 자리로부터 MoFe-단백질과의 결합력을 조절하기 위한 장거리 상호작용 메커니즘을 제시한다. 스위치 I과 II의 두 가지 경로가 뉴클레오티드의 신호전달 메커니즘을 담당한다. MgADP가 결합된 Fe-단백질의 구조는 Fe 단백질이 핵산과 결합할 때 관찰되는 [4Fe-4S] 클라스터의 생물리학적 특성 변화의 기초를 제공한다. 스위치, I과 II의 핵산 의존 신호전달 경로에서 특정 아미노산이 치환된 nitrogenase Fe-단백질의 구조들이 X-선 회절법에 의해서 결정되었다. 이들 경로는 아미노산 치환 연구, 구조 분석, 유사한 핵산 의존 신호전달 경로에 이용된 다른 단백질 등에 의해서도 분석되었다. 이들 경로가 거대분자 착물 형성과 분자간 전자 전달을 위한 MgADP 결합과 가수분해의 신호전달 경로로의 타당성이 조사되었다. 이러한 결과는 nitrogenase Fe 단백질과 MoFe-단백질 착물에서 Fe-단백질의 변이와 상호작용의 생물리학적 및 생화학적 특성을 위한 기초적 자료를 제공할 것이다.

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