표층부(T1) 식도암에 있어서 암종의 침윤정도에 따른 림프절 전이의 양상

Lymph Nodes Metastasis Pattern and Prognosis of Resected T1 Esophageal Cancer

  • 박창률 (울산대학교 흉부외과, 울산대학교 의과대학) ;
  • 김동관 (서울아산병원 흉부외과, 울산대학교 의과대) ;
  • 김용희 (서울아산병원 흉부외과, 울산대학교 의과대) ;
  • 김종욱 (강릉아산병원 흉부외) ;
  • 박승일 (서울아산병원 흉부외과, 울산대학교 의과대학)
  • 발행 : 2004.08.01

초록

배경: 흉부 식도암에서의 림프절 전이는 식도암이 점막하층에만 국한된 경우라도 흔하게 발견된다고 보고되고 있다. 림프절 전이가 수술 후의 예후에 큰 영향을 주고 있음에도 불구하고 조기식도암의 림프절 전이 양상은 완전히 조사되어 있지 않으며 림프절 절제술의 역할에 대해서도 여전히 의견이 분분하다. 대상 및 방법: 저자는 1995년 12월부터 2001년 8월까지 수술한 표층부(T1)식도암 환자 44예를 대상으로 림프절 전이의 양상을 후향적으로 연구하였다. 결과: 총 44예의 환자 중에서 림프절 전이는 총 10예(22.7%)에서 있었다. 식도암의 침윤 정도에 따라 볼 때 상피성 점막층에 국한된 경우 3예 중 0예, 점막고유 점막층까지 침윤된 경우 4예 중 0예, 근육성 점막층까지 침윤된 경우 4예 중 2예, 그리고 점막하층까지 침윤된 경우 33예 중 8예에서 림프절 전이가 발견되었다. 반회후두신경 림프절 전이는 5예, 복강내 림프절 전이가 8예에서 있어 흉부내 림프절 전이 3예보다 흔히 있었다. 수술사망은 없었고 병원사망이 점막고유층 환자에서 1예, 만기사망이 점막하식도암 환자에서 1예 있었다. 병원사망을 제외한 3년 생존율은 점막식도암이 100%, 점막하식도암은 97.0% (32/33예)였다(p>0.05). 림프절 전이가 없는 환자들의 3년 생존율은 100%, 림프절 전이가 있는 환자들은 90.0% (9/10예)였다(p>0.05). 결론: 표층부(T1) 식도암은 수술적 절제 후 생존율이 우수하다. 그러나 표층부(T1) 식도암에서 근육성 점막층 이상의 침윤이 있는 암에서는 림프절전이가 있을 수 있으며 특히 반회후두신경 림프절과 복강내 림프절 등 원격 림프절에도 빈번한 전이가 관찰되므로 광범위한 림프절 절제술이 필요하다고 생각된다.

Background: Lymph node metastasis is commonly reported in thoracic esophageal cancer, even in the early esophageal cancer which may be localized only in the mucosa or within the submucosal layer. Although lymph node metastasis greatly influence long-term outcome and cure of the disease, endoscopic mucosal resection or photodynamic therapy without lymph node dissection is widely attempted. The investigation of the pattern of lymph node metastasis and results of surgical resection of superficial esophageal cancer is needed. Material and Method: Pattern of lymph node metastsis and depth of tumor invasion were studied retrospectively from 44 patients with early esophageal cancer who underwent radical resection of the tumor from December, 1995 to August, 2001. Result: Lymph node metastasis was found in 10 patients (22.7%) out of total of 44 patients. Lymph node metastasis was found in 0% (0 of 3), 0% (0 of 4), 50% (2 of 4), and 24.24% (8 of 33) of tumors that invaded the intraepitherium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosa, and submucosa respectively. Anatomically distant lymph node metastases were found more frequently in recurrent laryngeal nerve node(5 cases of 10 patients) and in intraperitoneal node (8 cases of 10). than intrathoracic node (3 cases of 10). There was no operative mortality, however, there were 1 hospital death in patient with lamina propria cancer, 1 late death in patient with submucosal cancer. Three-year survival rates (except hospital death) were 100% in mucosal cancer and 97.0% in submucosal cancer (p>0.05), and 100% in the node negative group and 90.0% in the node positive group (p>0.05). Conclusion: The survival rate of superficial esophageal cancer patient who was recieved operative resection was excellent. But, lymph node metastasis were found in superficial esophageal cancer, even in esophageal cancer limited to the muscularis mucosa. Systemic lymph node dissection which includes recurrent laryngeal nerve nodes and intraperitoneal nodes was recommended for favorable outcome in superficial esophageal cancer.

키워드

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