Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회논문지)

Korean Institute of Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회)
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A Numerical Study of an Effect of the Aspect Ratio on Smoke Movement in funnel Fires

터널 화재시 종횡비에 따른 연기 거동에 관한 수치해석적 연구

  • 이성룡 (중앙대학교 기계공학부 대학원) ;
  • 김충익 (중앙대학교 기계공학) ;
  • 유홍선 (중앙대학교 기계공학부)
  • Published : 2004.06.01
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Abstract

In this study, numerical simulations were conducted to analyze an effect of the aspect ratio on smoke movement in tunnel fires using FDS 3.0. It was confirmed an application for tunnel fires in comparison with experimental results. The results showed relatively good agreement with experimental data within 1$0^{\circ}C$. Clear height of CFD by velocity distribution was about 3% higher than that of experiment. Smoke movement was confirmed by the analysis of temperature and velocity field. Results from variation of the aspect ratio showed good agreement with experimental data. The temperature at the vicinity of the fire source became lowly with the increase of the aspect ratio. But, decrease rate of the temperature was reduced by the decrease of the heat loss to the width direction.

본 연구에서는 터널 화재 시 종횡비에 따른 연기의 거동 특성을 파악하기 위하여 화재 전용 해석 코드인 FDS 3.0을 이용하여 수치해석 하였다. 수치해석 결과를 실험 결과와 비교하여 FDS의 터널 화재 적용 가능성을 검증하였으며, 실험 값과 비교한 결과 1$0^{\circ}C$이내의 범위에서 비교적 잘 일치하였다. 속도 분포를 이용한 연층의 경계높이의 예측 값이 실험과 약 3%의 오차를 보였으며 온도장과 속도장의 해석을 통해 터널내 연기의 거동을 확인하였다. 종횡비의 변화에 따른 결과도 잘 일치하였으며, 종횡비가 증가할수록 화원 부근에서는 온도가 낮지만 연기가 퍼져나가면서 폭방향으로의 열손실 감소로 인해 온도 감소율은 줄어들었다.

Keywords

References

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