THE EFFECTS OF DIETARY CONSISTENCY ON THE TRABECULAR BONE ARCHITECTURE IN GROWING MOUSE MANDIBULAR CONDYLE : A STUDY USING MICRO-CONFUTED TOMOGRAPHY

성장 중인 쥐에서 음식물의 경도가 하악 과두의 해면골에 미치는 영향 : 미세전산화 단층촬영을 이용한 연구

  • Youn, Seok-Hee (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Dae (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Jung-Wook (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Hoon (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University) ;
  • Hahn, Se-Hyun (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Chong-Chul (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University)
  • 윤석희 (서울대학교 치과대학 소아치과학교실 및 치학연구소) ;
  • 이상대 (서울대학교 치과대학 소아치과학교실 및 치학연구소) ;
  • 김정욱 (서울대학교 치과대학 소아치과학교실 및 치학연구소) ;
  • 이상훈 (서울대학교 치과대학 소아치과학교실 및 치학연구소) ;
  • 한세현 (서울대학교 치과대학 소아치과학교실 및 치학연구소) ;
  • 김종철 (서울대학교 치과대학 소아치과학교실 및 치학연구소)
  • Published : 2004.05.31

Abstract

The development and proliferation of the mandibular condyle can be altered by changes in the biomechanical environment of the temporomandibular joint. The biomechanical loads were varied by feeding diets of different consistencies. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether changes of masticatory forces by feeding a soft diet can alter the trabecular bone morphology of the growing mouse mandibular condyle, by means of micro-computed tomography. Thirty-six female, 21 days old, C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into two groups. Mice in the hard-diet control group were fed standard hard rodent pellets for 8 weeks. The soft-diet group mice were given soft ground diets for 8 weeks and their lower incisors were shortened by cutting with a wire cutter twice a week to reduce incision. After 8 weeks all animals were killed after they were weighed. Following sacrifice, the right mandibular condyle was removed. High spatial resolution tomography was done with a Skyscan Micro-CT 1072. Cross-sections were scanned and three-dimensional images were reconstructed from 2D sections. Morphometric and nonmetric parameters such as bone volume(BV), bone surface(BS), total volume(TV), bone volume fraction(BV/TV), surface to volume ratio(BS/BV), trabecular thickness(Tb. Th.), structure model index(SMI) and degree of anisotropy(DA) were directly determined by means of the software package at the micro-CT system. From directly determined indices the trabecular number(Tb. N.) and trabecular separation(Tb. Sp.) were calculated according to parallel plate model of Parfitt et al.. After micro-tomographic imaging, the samples were decalcified, dehydrated, embedded and sectioned for histological observation. The results were as follow: 1. The bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness(Tb. Th.) and trabecular number(Tb. N.) were significantly decreased in the soft-diet group compared with that of the control group (p<0.05). 2. The trabecular separation(Tb. Sp.) was significantly increased in the soft-diet group(p<0.05). 3. There was no significant differences in the surface to volume ratio(BS/BV), structure model index(SMI) and degree of anisotropy(DA) between the soft-diet group and hard-diet control group (p>0.05). 4. Histological sections showed that the thickness of the proliferative layer and total cartilage thickness were significantly reduced in the soft-diet group.

하악 과두의 발달과 증식은 측두하악관절 부위의 생역학적 환경의 변화에 따라 변경될 수 있다. 이 부위에 전달되는 생역학적 하중은 섭취하는 음식물의 경도를 다르게 함으로써 변화시킬 수 있다. 이번 연구의 목적은 성장 중인 쥐에서 부드러운 음식물의 섭취에 의해 저작력을 변화시키는 것이 하악 과두의 해면골의 형태를 변화시킬 수 있는지 미세전산화 단층촬영을 이용하여 분석하는 것이었다. 생후 21일 된 C57BL/6 쥐 36마리를 무작위로 두 그룹으로 나누었다. 8주 동안 대조군의 쥐들은 일반적인 딱딱한 덩어리의 사료를, 실험군의 쥐들은 덩어리의 사료를 잘게 갈은 후 물과 섞어 부드럽게 만들어 먹였다. 또한 실험군의 쥐들의 하악 절치를 일주일에 두 번씩 잘라서 짧게 만들었다. 8주 후 모든 쥐들을 희생하여 우측 하악 과두를 준비하였다. 미세전산화 단층촬영과 삼차원 영상 분석프로그램을 이용하여 하악 과두 해면골의 bone volume(BV), bone surface(BS), total volume(TV) bone volume fraction(BV/TV), surface to volume ratio(BS/BV), trabecular thickness(Tb. Th.), structure model index(SMI)와 degree of anisotropy(DA)를 측정하고 이들 값으로부터 trabecular number(Tb. N.)와 trabecular separation (Tb. Sp.)을 계산하였다 미세전산화 단층영상을 얻은 후 하악 과두의 조직 표본을 만들었다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. Bone volume fraction(BV/TV), trabecular thickness(Tb. Th.)와 trabecular number(Tb. N.)가 대조군에 비해 부드러운 음식을 먹인 실험군에서 유의하게 감소되었다(p<0.05). 2. Trabecular separation(Tb. Sp.)은 부드러운 음식을 먹인 실험군에서 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.05). 3. Surface to volume ratio(BS/BV), structure model index(SMI), degree of anisotropy (DA)는 두 군 사이에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 4. 조직 절편을 관찰한 결과, 부드러운 사료를 먹인 실험군에서 하악 과두의 연골층의 증식 층과 전체 두께가 상당히 감소하였다.

Keywords