Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회지)

Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회)
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Soil-Water Partition Coefficients for Cadmium in Some Korean Soils

우리나라 일부 토양에 대한 카드뮴의 토양-물 분배계수

  • Ok, Yong-Sik (Division of Environmental Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Korea University) ;
  • Lee, Ok-Min (Division of Environmental Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Korea University) ;
  • Jung, Jin-ho (Division of Environmental Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Korea University) ;
  • Lim, Soo-kil (Division of Environmental Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Korea University) ;
  • Kim, Jeong-Gyu (Division of Environmental Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
  • 옥용식 (고려대학교 생명환경과학대학 환경생태공학부) ;
  • 이옥민 (고려대학교 생명환경과학대학 환경생태공학부) ;
  • 정진호 (고려대학교 생명환경과학대학 환경생태공학부) ;
  • 임수길 (고려대학교 생명환경과학대학 환경생태공학부) ;
  • 김정규 (고려대학교 생명환경과학대학 환경생태공학부)
  • Received : 2003.07.04
  • Accepted : 2003.07.22
  • Published : 2003.08.30
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Abstract

Distribution coefficient ($K_d$) is an universal parameter estimating cadmium partition for a soil-water-crop system in agricultural lands. This study was performed to find some factors affecting soil-water partition coefficients for cadmium in some Korean soils. The distribution coefficients ($K_d$) of cadmium for the 15 series of agricultural soils were measured at quasi-steady state in the pH ranges from 2 to 11. The adsorption data of the selected soils showed a linear relationship between log $K_d$ and pH, which was well agreed with theoretically expected results ; $log\;K_d=0.6339pH+0.5532(r^2=0.70^{**})$. Normalization of the partition coefficients were performed in a range of pH 3.5 ~ 8.5 to minimize adverse effects of Al dissolution, cationic competition, and organic matter dissolution. The $K_d$-om, partition coefficients normalized for organic matter, improved this linearity to the pH of soils. The values of $K_d$-om measured from the field samples were significantly correlated with those of $K_d$ predicted from the sorption-edge experimental data ($r^2=0.68^{**}$).

우리나라의 몇 가지 경작지 토양을 대상으로 하여 카드뮴의 토양-물 분배계수를 측정하였다. 토양에 대한 카드뮴의 흡착은 토양 영구전하에 의한 이온교환 반응과 토양 가변전하에 의한 표면착물 반응의 합으로 표현할 수 있으며, 이때 카드뮴의 분배계수는 pH와 이론적 으로 다음의 상관관계를 갖는다. $log\;K_d=a_0+b_0{\times}pH$ (단, $a_0$와 $b_0$는 상수). 토양에 대한 카드뮴의 회분형 흡착실험에서 분배계수는 토양의 pH 변화에 따라 정으로 증가하였다. 그러나 pH 3.5 이하 및 pH 8.5 이상에서는 측정한 분배계수가 위의 식으로 예측한 값보다 낮게 나타났다. 이는 산성 조건에서는 알루미늄의 용해가 일어나고, 알칼리 조건에서는 토양 유기물이 용해되어 용액 내 카드뮴의 분배에 영향을 미쳤기 때문으로 판단된다. 각각의 토양에 대한 유기물 함량을 이용 해 표준화한 분배계 수 ($K_{d-om}$)에 의하여 위 식의 상관계수는 $0.52^{**}$에서 $0.70^{**}$으로 상승되어 예측력을 개선할 수 있었다. 또한, 실제 오염토양에서 측정한 분배계수와 표준화한 함수식을 이용하여 예측한 분배계수 사이에는 고도의 유의적인 상관관계 ($r^2=0.68^{**}$)를 보였다.

Keywords

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