Effects of Stocking Density on Performance and Physiological Responses of Egg-type Breeder Laying Hens in Cages

케이지 내 사육밀도가 산란종계의 생산성 및 생리적 반응에 미치는 영향

  • 우상원 (건국대학교 축산대학 동물자원연구센터) ;
  • 신승철 (건국대학교 축산대학 동물자원연구센) ;
  • 김성권 (건국대학교 축산대학 동물자원연구센) ;
  • 김은집 (건국대학교 축산대학 동물자원연구센) ;
  • 안병기 (건국대학교 축산대학 동물자원연구센) ;
  • 강창원 (건국대학교 축산대학 동물자원연구센터)
  • Published : 2003.06.01

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effects of stocking density on performance and physiological responses of egg-type breeder layers in cages. A total of 264 Hy-Line Brown egg-type breeder layers at the age of 32 weeks were divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates of 22 birds (20 females, 2 males) per replicate and assigned to four stocking density treatments with 22 birds per cage with different sizes (980, 735, 640 and 560 $\textrm{cm}^2$/bird). The birds were fed the same experimental diet ad libitum for 12 weeks, and laying performance, egg and eggshell qualities, fertility and hatchability were determined. At the end of the experimental period, 9 birds were selected in each treatment in order to measure the scores of plumage condition. Antibody titers to Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis were also determined. No significant differences were observed in laying performances, eggshell strength, Haugh unit, fertility and hatchability among the treatments. In birds housed 640 $\textrm{cm}^2$ per bird, eggshell thickness were significantly lower (P<0.05) than those of the other groups from 7 to 12 weeks. There was no significant difference in antibody titers to Newcastle disease. In birds housed 980 $\textrm{cm}^2$ per bird, antibody titers to infectious bronchitis were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of the other groups. With increase in the level of stocking density, the scores of plumage condition were also significantly decreased (P<0.01). This study demonstrated that moderate increment of stocking density did not resulted in reduction in laying-performances of egg-type breeder layers. However, it seemed that the higher stocking density might give more stress to the birds from physical stimuli and thus were harmful environment causing higher mortalities compared to the lower ones.

본 연구는 산란종계를 케이지 내 사육밀도 수준이 다르게 배치하였을 때 생산성 및 생리적인 반응에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위한 목적으로 실시하였다. 총 264수의 Hy-Line Brown 산란종계를 4처리 3반복 반복당 22수 (♀20, ♂2)로 나누어 사육밀도를 수당 980 $\textrm{cm}^2$, 735 $\textrm{cm}^2$, 640 $\textrm{cm}^2$ 및 560 $\textrm{cm}^2$ 수준으로 설험사료를 12주간 급여하여 산란종계의 생산성, 난질 및 난각질, 수정율과 부화율을 측정하였다. 사양실험 종료시 생체중 측정치의 평균에 해당하는 개체를 처리구별로 9수씩 선발하여 우모 상태를 측정하였고, 처리구별로 6수씩 선발하여 혈청 내 ND 및 IB 항체역가를 측정하였다 .생산성, 난각강도, Haungh unit, 수정율 및 부화율에는 처리간의 차이가 없었고, 난각두께는 실험 7∼12 주에서 있어서 640 $\textrm{cm}^2$/bird 처리구가 유의적으로 (P<0.05) 낮은 수치를 나타내었지만 전체적인 실험기간으로 볼 때 처리간의 차이는 나타나지 않았다 .ND 항체역가는 처리간의 차이가 없었고 ,IB항체역가는 사육밀도가 가장 낮은 980 $\textrm{cm}^2$/bird 처리구에서 유의하게 (P<0.05) 높은 수치를 나타내었다. 우모상태는 사육 밀도가 가장 높은 560 $\textrm{cm}^2$/bird 처리구에서 유의하게 (P<0.01) 낮은 결과가 나타났으며, 또한 사육밀도 수준이 증가할수록 우모 상태는 유의하게 (P<0.01) 감소하는 결과가 관찰되었다 본 연구결과 케이지 내 사육밀도의 적절한 증가는 산란종계의 생산성은 차이가 없었다. 그러나 사육밀도의 증가는 물리적인 자극으로부터 개체들에게 더 많은 스트레스를 유발시켜 폐사율을 높일 수 있는 열악한 환경을 조성할 수 있음을 시사하였다.

Keywords

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