신선초 녹즙섭취가 흡연자의 지질 수준 및 혈장 항산화 비타민 영양상태에 미치는 영향

The Effects of Green Vegetable Juice (Angelica Keiskei) Supplementation on Plasma Lipids and Antioxidant Status in Smokers

  • 김정신 (한남대학교 이과대학 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김혜영 (한남대학교 이과대학 식품영양학과) ;
  • 박유경 (한남대학교 이과대학 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김태석 (㈜풀무원 기술연구소 생물공학연구팀) ;
  • 강명희 (한남대학교 이과대학 식품영양학과)
  • 발행 : 2003.11.01

초록

It has been suggested that green juice supplementation may have some health promoting benefits. We evaluated the effects of green juice (Angelica keiskei) consumption on parameters of lipid profiles and plasma antioxidant status in healthy male smokers. Fifty-four smokers were supplemented with 300 ml of green juice for 6 weeks while maintaining their normal diet. Blood samples were collected on week 0 and week 6 in order to evaluate plasma lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol) , plasma antioxidant vitamin levels (ascorbic acid, $\alpha$ -tocopherol, ${\gamma}$ -tocopherol, $\alpha$ -carotene, $\beta$ -carotene, cryptoxanthin and lycopene) , the degree of LDL oxidation and GOT, GPT levels for liver function. Plasma ascorbic acid level remained at the same level. However, $\alpha$ -tocopherol and ${\gamma}$ -tocopherol normalized by total cholesterol (p <0.05) and $\beta$ -carotene (p <0.001) level were all significantly increased after green juice supplementation. Plasma cholesterol was reduced for 12%, LDL-cholesterol was reduced for 9.3% after green juice consumption, while plasma triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol was not changed. Oxidized LDL assessed by conjugated diene (CD) , was decreased (p < 0.0001) after green juice consumption. These results further support a role for green juice supplementation in the improvement of lipid status, prevention of lipid peroxidation, and thereby reducing risk factors of numerous diseases associated with elevated oxidative stress in smokers.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Am Heart J v.115 Lipid effects of smoking Mjos,O.D.
  2. Am Heart J v.125 the cardiovascular pathology of smoking McGill,H.C.Jr.
  3. Mol Aspects Med v.15 no.4 Antioxidants and disease prevention Diplock,A.T. https://doi.org/10.1016/0098-2997(94)90005-1
  4. Am J Clin Nutr v.63 no.4 Destruction of tocopherols, carotenoids, and retinol in human plasma by cigarette smoke Handelman,G.J.;Packer,L.;Cross,C.E.
  5. J Mol Med v.74 no.6 Cancer risk and oxidative DNA damage in men Loft,S.;Poulsen,H.E. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00207507
  6. Clin Sci (Lond) v.91 no.1 Effects of vitamin E supplimentation on erythrocyte antioxidant defence mechanism of smoking and non-smoking men Brown,K.M.;Morrice,P.C.;Arthur,J.R.;Duthie,G.G.
  7. Am J Clin Nutr v.60 no.3 Vitamin E supplementation suppresses indexes of lipid peroxidation concentration remain unchanged Brown,K.M.;Morrice,P.C.;Duthie,G.G.
  8. J Natl Cancer Inst v.88 no.21 Risk factors ofr lung cancer and for intervention effects in CARET, the beta carotene and retinol efficacy trial Omenn,G.S.;Goodman,G.E.;Thornquist,M.D.;Balmes,J.;Cullen,M.R.;Glass,A.;Keogh,J.P.;Meyskens,F.L.Jr https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/88.21.1550
  9. J Natl Cancer Inst v.88 no.21 α-Tocopherol and β-Carotene supplements and lung cancer incidence in the α-Tocopherol, β-Carotene cancer prevention study compliance Albanes,D.;Heinonen,O.P.;Taylor,P.R.;Virtamo,J.;Edwards,B.K.;Rautalaghi,M.;Hartman,A.M.;Palmgren,J.;Freedman,L.S.;Haapakoski,J.;barrett,M.J.;Pietinen,P.;Malila,N.;Tala,E.;Lippo,K.;Salomaa,E.R.;Tangrea,J.A.;Teppo,L.;Askin,F.B.;Taskinen,E.;Erozan,Y.;Greenwald,P.;Huttunen,J.K. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/88.21.1560
  10. Am J Clin Nutr v.69 Does tomato consumption effectively Increase the resistance of lymphocyte DNA to oxidative damage? Riso,P.;Pinder,A.;Santangelo,A.;Porrini,M.
  11. Carcinogenesis v.18 no.9 consumption of vegetables reduces genetic damage in humans: First results of a human intervention trial with carotenoid-rich Foods Pool-Zobel,B.L.;bub,A.;Muller,H.;Wollowski,I.;Rechkemmer,G. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/18.9.1847
  12. FASEB Meeting Experimental Biology 2002 Grape juice consumption protects DNA damage in human peripheral lymphocytes Kang,M.H.;Park,E.J.;Kim,S.M.;Kim.J.S.
  13. FASEB Meeting Experimental Biology 2002 Daily Grape juice consumption reduces plasma free radical level in healthy subjects Park,Y.K.;Kang,M.H.
  14. Symposium of Korean Nutritional Society The effects of grape Juice supplementation on plasma lipid profiles, plasma antioxidant status in smokers Kim.J.S.;Jeon,E.J.;Kim.H.Y.;Park,Y.K.;Kang,M.H.
  15. Cancer Lett 23 v.132 no.1-2 Inhibition of Oxidative DNA Damage, 8-OHdG, and carbonyl contents in smokers treated with antioxidants (vitamin E, vitamin C, beta-carotene and red ginseng) Lee,B.M.;Lee,S.K.;Kim,H.S. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3835(98)00227-4
  16. Korean J Food Sci Technol v.31 no.4 Analysis of antioxidant nutrients in green yellow vegetable juice Jung,S.Y.;Kim.H.Y.;Yoon,S.
  17. Korean J Food Sci Technol v.34 no.6 The nutritional components of aerial whole plant and juice of Angelica keiskei koidz Kim,O.K.;Kung,S.S.;Park.W.B.;Lee,M.H.;Ham,S.S.
  18. Korean J Parmacogn v.26 no.4 Isolation of flavone-7-O- glycosides from the aerial Parts of Angelica Keiskei and anti-hyperlipidemic effect Park,J.C.;Cho,Y.S.;Park,S.K.;Park,J.R.;Jeon,S.S.;Ok,K.D.;Choi,J.W.
  19. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr v.27 no.1 Changes in biologically active component of Angelica keiskei by Cooking Methods Jeon,S.S.;Park,J.C.;Kim,S.H.;Lee,D.Y.;Choi,H.M.;Hwang,E.Y.
  20. Korean J Food Sci Technol v.27 no.3 Changes of contents of β- carotene and vitamin C and antioxidative of juice of angelica keiskei Koidz stored at differnet conditions Park,W.B.;Kim,D.S.
  21. Korean J Food Sci Technol v.26 no.5 Antimutagenic effect and active compound analysis of kale juice in salmonella assay system Lee,S.M.;Park,K.Y.;Lee,S.H.
  22. J Fd Hyg Safety v.8 no.4 Antimutagenicity of small water dropwort juice on the microbial mutagenicity induced by 2-Aminofluorene Hahn,K.S.;Jeong,E.H.;Ham,S.S.;Shim,T.H.;Lee,T.S.Lee,H.K.
  23. Korean J Nutr v.36 no.1 Protective effect of yellow-green vegetables juices on DNA damage in chinese hamster lung cell using comet assay Jeon,E.J.;Kim,J.S.Park,Y.K.;Kim,T.S.;Kang,M.H.
  24. Planta Med v.57 no.3 Anti-tumor-promotion by principles obtained from Angelica keiskei Okuyama,T.;Takata,M.;takayasu,J.;Hasegawa,T.;Tokuda,H.;Nishino,A.;Nishino,H.;Iwashima,A https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-960082
  25. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr v.28 no.2 Nitrite scavenging effect of methanol fraction obtained from green yellow vegetable juices Chung,S.Y.;Kim,N.K.;Yoon,S.
  26. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr v.19 no.5 Effects of water soluble extract of ganoderma lucidum,kale juice and sodium dextrothyroxine on hormone and lipid metabolism in hypercholesterolemic rats 1. concentrations of triodothyronine, thyroxine,blood sugar and lipid composition in serum Chung,S.Y.Kim,S.H.;Kim,H.S.;Kang,J.S.;Chung,H.S.;Kim,K.J.;Kim,H.J.
  27. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr v.27 no.3 Inhibitory effect of Angelica keiskei Koidz green juice on the liver damage in CCI4-treated Rats Chung,H.K.;Park,P.S.;Huh,N.C.;Kim,S.O.;Kim,K.S.;Lee,M.R.
  28. Symposium of Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr Cholesterol lowering effect of Angelica Keiskei Park,J.C.;Park,S.K.;Cho,Y.S.;Chun,S.S.;Park,J.R.;Choi,S.H.
  29. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr v.26 no.2 Effect of Angelica keiskei on lipid metabolism in rats Park,J.R.;Park,S.K.;Cho,Y.S.;Chun,S.S.;Choi,S.H.;Park,J.C.
  30. Symposium of Korean Nutritional Society Study on lipid lowering effect of green vegetable juice Kwon,S.M.;Yoon,S.;Kim,S.Y.;Park,K.S.;Yeoh Lim ChoiⅠ;Lee,Y.J.
  31. Korean Dietetic Assoc Photo Collection of Estimated Food Weight
  32. Korean J Nutr v.35 no.10 Estimated flavonoids intake in Korean adults using semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire Park,Y.K.;Kim,Y.A.;Park,E.J.;Kim,J.S.;Kang,M.H.
  33. Food Standard Code The ministry of health and welfare
  34. Korean J Food Sci Technol v.31 no.2 Determination of antioxidants contents in various plants used as tea materials Kim,M.H.;Kim,M.C.;Park,J.S.;Park,E.J.;Lee,J.O.
  35. Clin Chem v.18 no.6 Estimation of the concentration of low density-lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge Friedewald,W.T.;Levy,R.I.;Frdreicson,D.S.
  36. Free Radic Biol Med v.27 no.11-12 Baseline diene conjugation in LDL lipids: an indicator of circulating oxidized LDL Ahotupa,M.;Vasankari,T.J. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(99)00201-4
  37. Clin Biochem v.29 no.2 Simple methods of quanitifying oxidation products and antioxidant potential of low density lipoproteins Ahotupa,M.;Ruutu,M.;Matyla,E. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-9120(95)02043-8
  38. Methods in clinical chemistry Pesce,A.J;Kaplan,L.A.
  39. Eur J Clin Nutr v.53 Status of lipid soluble antioxidants and TRAP in patients with crohn's disease and healthy controls Genser,D.;Kang,M.H.;Vogelsang,H.;Elmadfa,I. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600764
  40. Am J Clin Nutr v.24 On the requirements of ascorbic acid in man : Steady state turnover and body pool in smoker Kallner,A.B.;Hartmann,D.;Hornig,D.H.
  41. Am J Coin Nutr v.62 no.SUP 6 Dietary antioxidants and cigarette smoded-induced biomolecular damage: A Complex interaction Eiserich,J.P.;van der Vliet A.;Handelman,G.J.;halliwell,B.;Cross,C.E.
  42. Int J Epidemiol v.25 no.1 Do Dietary and supplementary intakes of antioxidants differ with smoking status Zondervan,K.T.;Ocke,M.C.;Smit,H.A.;Seidell,J.C. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/25.1.70
  43. Am J Clin Nutr v.53 no.6 Ascorbic acid requirements for smokers: Analysis of a Population Survey Schectman,G.;Byrd,J.C.;Hoffmann,R.
  44. Korean J Nutr v.29 no.2 Vitamin C intakes and serum levels in smoking collee students Park,J.A.;Kang,M.H.
  45. Acta Cardiol v.49 no.5 Diet, Antioxidant vitamins, oxidative stress and risk of coronaty artery disease: The Peerzada Prospective Study Singh,R.B.;Niaz,M.A.;Bishnoi,I.;Sharma,J.P.;Gupta,S.;Rastogi,S.S.;Singh,R.;Begum,R.;Chibo,H.;Shoumin,Z.
  46. Int J Cancer v.65 no.3 Determinants of plasma antioxidant vitamin levels in a population at high risk for stomach cancer Bujatti,E.;Munoz,N.;Kato,J.;Vivas,J.;Muggli,R.;Plummer,M.;Benz,M.;Franceschi,S.;Oliver,W. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19960126)65:3<317::AID-IJC7>3.0.CO;2-2
  47. Eur J Nutr v.38 no.1 Plasma concentrations of carotenoids in healthy volunteers after intervention with carotenoid-rich Food Muller,H.;Bub,A.;Watzl,B.;Rechkemmer,G. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003940050044
  48. Eur J Clin Nutr v.51 no.9 Effect of increased fruit and vegetable intake on the susceptibility of lipoprotein to oxidation in smokers Hininger,I.;Chopra,M.;Thurnham,D.I.;Laporte,F.;Richard,M.J.;Favier,A.;Roussel,A.M. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600451
  49. Antioxidant methodology: in vivo and in vitro concepts Aruoma,O.I.
  50. Toxicol in vitro v.15 no.1 Antioxidant and prooxidant roles for β-carotene, α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid in human lung cells Zhang,P.;Omaye,S.T. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0887-2333(00)00054-0
  51. Clin Chem v.46 no.11 Influence of increased fruit and vegetable intake on plasma and lipoprotein carotenoid and LDL oxidation in smokers and nonsmokers Chopra,M.;O'Neill,M.E.;Keogh,N.;Wortley,G.;Southon,S.;thurnham,D.I.
  52. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol v.17 no.1 Reduced progression of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E deficient mice following consumption of red wine or its polyphenol quercetin or catechin, is associated with reduced susceptibility of LDL oxidation and aggregation Hayek,T.;Fuhrman,B.;Vaya,J.;Rosenblat,M.;Belinky,P.;Coleman,R.;Elis,A.;Aviram,M. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.17.11.2744
  53. Hepatology v.34 no.1 Cigarette smokin and hepatic lesions in patients with chronic hepatitis C Pessione,F.;Ramond,M.J.;Njapoum,C.;Duchatelle,V.;Degott,C.;Erlinger,S.;Rueff,B.;Valla,D.C.;Degos,F. https://doi.org/10.1053/jhep.2001.25385