Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Hypoglycemic Effect of the Methanol Extract of Soybean Sprout in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Streptozotocin 유발 당뇨쥐에 있어서 콩나물 메탄올 추출물의 헐당강하효과

  • 김정인 (인제대학교 식품생명과학부) ;
  • 강민정 (인제대학교 식품생명과학부) ;
  • 배세연 (인제대학교 식품생명과학부)
  • Published : 2003.08.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

To control blood glucose level as close to normal is the major goal of treatment of diabetes mellitus. $\alpha$-glucosidase is the enzyme to digest dietary carbohydrate and inhibition of $\alpha$-glucosidase could suppress postprandial hyperglycemia. The methanol extract of soybean sprout was tested for the inhibitory activities against $\alpha$-glucosidase in vitro. Soybean sprout extract inhibited yeast $\alpha$-glucosidase activity by 24.5% at the concentration of 5 mg/mL. The methanol extract of soybean sprout was subsequently subjected to sequential fractionation with hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water. Among the fractions tested ethyl acetate-soluble fraction showed relatively strong inhibition against $\alpha$-glucosidase by 36.3% at the concentration of 5 mg/mL. Acarbose, standard $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitor, inhibited $\alpha$-glucosidase activity by 40.1%. The ability of soybean sprout extract to lower postprandial glucose was studied in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Starch solution (1 g/kg) with and without the methanol extract of soybean sprout (500 mg/kg) was administered to diabetic rats after an overnight-fast by gastric intubation. A single oral dose of soybean sprout extract inhibited the increase in blood glucose levels significantly at 60, 90, 120, 180 min (p<0.05) and decreased incremental response areas under the glycemic response curve significantly (p<0.05). These results suggest that soybean sprout might exert hypoglycemic effect by inhibiting $\alpha$-glucosidase activity.

콩나물 메탄을 추출물의 yeast $\alpha$-glucosidase 저해활성을 in vitro에서 측정한 결과 5 mg/mL 농도에서 24.5%로 나타났다. 콩나물 용매분획 중 ethyl acetate층에서 $\alpha$-glucosidase 저해활성이 36.3%로 가장 높게 나타났다. STZ로 당뇨를 유발한 흰쥐에 있어서 콩나물 추출물의 탄수화물 소화효소 저해활성을 측정하였다. 공복상태의 동물에게 전분(1 g/kg)과 함께 콩나물 메탄올 추출물 (500 mg/kg)을 경구 투여한 경우, 전분(1 g/kg)만 투여 경우에 비해 투여 후 60, 90, 120, 180분에 혈당 증가가 유의적으로 낮았으며 (p<0.05), 식후 혈당 증가곡선의 면적(AUC)도 유의적으로 작게 나타났다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과에서 콩나물 메탄올 추출물은 $\alpha$-glucosidase 저해 활성에 의해 식후 혈당 조절 효과를 나타내어, 콩나물의 섭취는 당뇨병 치료 및 예방에 도움을 줄 수 있는 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Korea National Statistical Office. 1999. The cause of death statistics 1998. Annual Report on the Cause of Death Statistics 19.
  2. Korea National Statistical Office. 2002. The cause of death statistics 2001. Annual Report on the Cause of Death Statistics 21.
  3. Defronzo RA. 1981. The effect of insulin on renal sodium metabolism. Diabetologia 21: 165-171.
  4. Steiner G, Haynes F, Yoshino G. 1984. Hyperinsulinemia and in vivo very-low-density lipoprotein triglyceride kinetics. Am J Physio 246: 187-192.
  5. Young IR, Stout RW. 1987. Effects of insulin and glucose on the cells of the arterial wall: Interaction of insulin with dibutyryl cyclic AMP and low density lipoprotein in arterial cells. Diabetes Metab 13: 301-306.
  6. Yu HJ, Song OG. 1985. Dietary therapy for diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Mellitus 9: 21-25.
  7. Heo GB. 1985. Exercise therapy for diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Mellitus 9: 5-10.
  8. Koivisto VA. 1993. Insulin therapy in type II diabetes. Diabetes Care 16: 29-39. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.16.3.29
  9. Jenkins DJ, Wolever TM, Jenkins AL. 1988. Starchy foods and glycemic index. Diabetes Care 11: 149-159. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.11.2.149
  10. Haller H. 1998. The clinical importance of postprandial glucose. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 40: S43-S49. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-8227(98)00042-4
  11. Lebovitz HE. 1998. Postprandial hyperglycemic state: importance and consequences. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 40: S27-S28. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-8227(98)00039-4
  12. Mooradian AD, Thurman JE. 1999. Drug therapy of postprandial hyperglycaemia. Drugs 57: 19-29.
  13. Baron AD. 1998. Postprandial hyperglycemia and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitors. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 40: S54-S55.
  14. Tattersall R. 1993. $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibition as an adjunct to the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med 10: 658-662.
  15. Hanefeld M. 1998. The role of acarbose in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Complications 12: 228-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1056-8727(97)00123-2
  16. MacLennan AH, Wilson DH, Taylor AW. 1996. Prevalence and cost of alternative medicine in Australia. Lancet 347 (9001): 569-573. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(96)91271-4
  17. Jenkins DJ, Wolever TM, Taylor RH, Ghafari H, Jenkins AL, Barker H, Jenkins MJ. 1980. Rate of digestion of foods and postprandial glycaemia in normal and diabetic subjects. Br Med J 281: 14-17. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.281.6232.14
  18. Wong S, O'Dea K. 1983. Importance of physical form rather than viscosity in determining the rate of starch hydrolysis in legumes. Am J Clin Nutr 37: 66-70.
  19. Fujita H, Yamagami T, Ohshima K. 2001. Fermented soybean-derived water-soluble Touchi extract inhibits $\alpha$-glucosidase and is antiglycemix in rats and humans after single oral treatments. J Nutr 13: 1211-1213.
  20. Madar Z. 1984. Effect of brown rice and soybean dietary fiber on the control of glucose and lipid metabolism in rats. Am J Clin Nutr 43: 388-396.
  21. Kim SH, Yang JL, Song YS. 1999. Physiological functions of Chongkukjang. Food Industry and Nutr 4: 40-46.
  22. Watanabe J, Kawabata J, Kurihara H, Niki R. 1997. Isolation and identification of $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitors from Tochu-cha. Biosci Biotechi Biochem 61: 177-178. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.61.177
  23. Nishioka T, Kawabata J, Aoyama Y. 1998. Baicalein, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor from Scutellaria baicalensis. J Nat Prod 61: 1413-1415. https://doi.org/10.1021/np980163p
  24. Kim JS, Kwon CS, Son KH. 2000. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities of some wild vegetable extracts. J Food Sci Nutr 5: 174-176.
  25. Yoshiaki Y. 1988. Inhibition of intestinal $\alpha$-glucosidase and postprandial hyperglycemia by Moranoline and its N-alkyl derivatives. Agric Biol Chem 52: 121-128. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.52.121
  26. Asano N, Tomioka E, Kizu H, Matsui K. 1994. Sugars with nitrogen in the ring isolated from the leaves of Morus bombycis. Carbohydr Res 253: 235-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-6215(94)80068-5
  27. Asano N, Oseki K, Tomioka E, Kizu H, Matsui K. 1994. N-containing sugars from Morus alba and their glycosidase inhibitory activities. Carbohydr Res 259: 243-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-6215(94)84060-1
  28. Goldmann A, Milat ML, Ducrot PH. 1990. Tropane derivatives from Calystegia sepium. Phytochemistry 29: 2125-2128. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)83019-W
  29. Elbein AD, Mitchell M, Sanford BA, Fellows LE, Evans SV. 1984. The pyrrolidine alkaloid, 2,5-dihydroxymethyl-3-4-dihydroxypyrrolidine, inhibit glycoprotein processing. J Biol Chem 259: 12409-12413.
  30. Lau AL, Failla ML. 1984. Urinary excretion of zinc, copper and iron in the streptozotocin-diabetic rats. J Nutr 114: 224-233.
  31. Forman LJ, Estilow S, Lewis M, Vasilenko P. 1986. Streptozotocin diabetes alters immunoreactive beta-endorphin levels and pain perception after 8 wk in female rats. Diabetes 35: 1309-1313. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.35.12.1309
  32. Inoue I, Takahashi K, Noji S, Awata T, Negishi K, Katayama S. 1997. Acarbose controls postprandial hyper-proinsulinemia in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Prac 36: 143-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-8227(97)00045-4
  33. Fujita H, Yamagami T, Ohshima K. 2001. Efficacy and safety of Touchi extract, $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitor derived from fermented soybeans, in non-insulin-dependent diabetic mellitus. J Nutr Biochem 12: 351-356. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0955-2863(01)00149-8
  34. Fujita H, Yamagami T. 2001. Fermented soybean-derived Touchi extract with anti-diabetic effect via $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory action in a long-term administration study with $KKA^y$ mice. Life Science 70: 219-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-3205(01)01381-9
  35. Fujita H, Yamagami T, Ohshima K. 2003. Long-term ingestion of Touchi extract, $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitor, by borderline and mild type-2 diabetic subjects is safe and significantly reduces blood glucose levels. Nutr Res 23: 713-722. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0271-5317(03)00028-9
  36. Park SH, Lee HS. 1999. Effects of legume supplementation on the gastrointestinal function and diabetic symptoms in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Korean J Nutr 32: 617-627.
  37. Grant G, Edwards JE, Pusztai A. 1995. $\alpha$-amylase inhibitor levels in seeds generally available in Europe. J Sci Food Agric 67: 235-238. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740670214

Cited by

  1. Antioxidant Activity of Soy-sprout Extracts Prepared by Enzyme and Ultra High Pressure vol.43, pp.8, 2014, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2014.43.8.1228
  2. Inhibition of α-Glucosidase by a Semi-Purified Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Submerged-Liquid Culture of Agaricus blazei Murill vol.21, pp.11, 2011, https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2011.21.11.1579
  3. Changes in the Nutritional Compositions of Soybean Sprouts Cultivated with Bamboo Ash vol.31, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.7318/KJFC/2016.31.3.213
  4. vol.21, pp.3, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2017.3939
  5. 조릿대잎 추출문의 탄수화물 소화효소활성 저해 및 식후혈당강하효과 vol.36, pp.8, 2007, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2007.36.8.989
  6. 한약재의 물 추출물이 당대사 관련 효소와 항산화 활성에 관한 연구 vol.37, pp.5, 2008, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2008.37.5.542