Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회논문지)

Korean Institute of Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회)
권호 표지

Fire Characteristics of Plastic Insulating Materials from Cone Calorimeter Test

콘칼로리미터를 이용한 플라스틱 단열재의 화재특성

  • 이근원 (한국산업안전공단 산업안전보건연구원) ;
  • 김관응 (한국산업안전공단 산업안전보건연구원)
  • Published : 2003.03.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was designed to investigate fire characteristics of the plastics insulating materials such as a polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, and polyethylene foam, which is used an insulating materials i3t workplace. The fire characteristics of plastic insulating materials were carried out from the Cone Calorimeter test according to ISO 5660. The experimental materials used were commercial plastic insulating materials by products and their composition is not disclosed by the manufacturer. As the results of this study; the heat release rate of plastic insulating materials was increased with increasing density and heat flux. The peak heat release rate and the average heat release rate for the polyethylene foam in insulating materials were showed the highest, and the peak heat release rate for the polyethylene foam was the highest. The standard of heat release rate with a kind of products and heat flux of irradiance to prevent fire by plastic insulating materials was suggested.

본 연구는 산업현장에서 단열재로 .사용되고 있는 폴리스티렌 폼, 폴리우레탄 폼, 폴리에틸렌 폼과 같은 플라스틱 단열재의 화재특성을 구명하고자 하였다. 플라스틱 단열재의 화재특성은 ISO 5660에 따라 콘칼로리미터 시험을 수행하였다. 사용된 실험재료는 국내에서 생산되는 상업용 플라스틱 단열재를 사용하였고 그들의 조성은 제조자에 의해 밝혀지지 않았다. 연구 결과플라스틱 단열재의 열방출율은 재료의 밀도와 열플럭스의 증가에 따라 증가하였다. 플라스틱 단열재 중 폴리에틸렌 폼이 최대열방출율 및 평균열방출율이 가장 크게 나타났고, 열플럭스 및 밀도의 증가에 따른 최대열방출율의 증가율도 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 플라스틱 단열재에 의한 화재예방을 위해 제품의 종류 및 열플럭스의 크기에 따른 열방출 평가 기준을 제시하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Factory Mutual, 'Caution-Plastics in construction, Part 1. Foamed Plastic Insulation', Record, 3rd Quarter, pp.6-11(l997).
  2. Babrauskas and S.J. Grayson, "Heat Release in Fire", Elselvier Science Publishing Co.(1992)
  3. NFPA 264, 'Standard Method of Test for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter', NFPA(1992)
  4. W.H. Kim and J.G. Quintiere, 'Application of A Model to Compare Spread and Heat Release Properties of Interior Finish Materials in A Compartment', Proc. of International Symposium on Fire Science and Technology, KIFSE, pp.193-200(1997)
  5. 이근원, 김관응, '발포 플라스틱의 착화특성 및 연소가스 분석', 산업안전학회지, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp.48-52(2001)
  6. 박영근, 김동일, 현성호, '가스검지관법에 의한 플라스틱 재료의 연소가스 독성평가', 한국화재 . 소방학회지, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp.77-84(2002)
  7. ISO 5660, 'Reaction to Fire Part 1. Rate of Heat Release from Building Products (Cone Calorimeter)', Generer, ISO(1993)
  8. ASTM E 1354, 'Standard Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter', Philadelphia(1990)
  9. Andrew Kim and Robert Onno, 'A System to Evaluate Fire Hazards of Materials Using a Small-Scale and Full-Scale Fire Test Methods, Internal Report No.649, pp.1-3, NRCC(1993)
  10. NFPA 264 A, 'Standard Method of Test for Heat Release Rates for Upholstered Furniture Components or Composites and Mattresses Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter', NFPA(1994)
  11. MIL-STD-2031, 'Military Standard Fire and Toxicity Test Methods and Qualification Procedure for Composite Material Systems Used Hull, Machinery and Structural Applications in side Naval Submarines Pot', U.S. MIL(1991)
  12. IMO MSC 61, 'Adoption of the International Code for Application of Fire Test Procedures. Part 2, Smoke and Toxicity Test', IMO(1996)