Applied Microscopy

Korean Society of Microscopy (한국현미경학회)
권호 표지

Ultrastructure of the Mantle Epidermis in the Ark Shell, Scapharca broughtonii (Bivalvia: Acridae)

피조개, Scapharca broughtonii 외투막 상피층의 미세구조

  • Lee, Jung-Sick (Department of Aqualife Medicine, College of Fisheries and Ocean Science, Yosu National University)
  • 이정식 (여수대학교 수산해양대학 수산생명의학과)
  • Published : 2002.09.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Histology and ultrastructure of the mantle epidermis in the ark shell, Scapharca broughtonii are described using light and electron microscopy. The mantle of the ark shell is composed of outer epidermis, connective tissue and inner epidermis. Both epidermis are simple and consists of supporting cells, ciliated cells and secretory cells. Connective tissue is composed of mainly collagen and muscle fibers. The supporting cells in the inner epidermis are usually columnar and covered with microvilli. The ciliated cell have cilia and microvilli on the free surface, and numerous tubular mitochondria are observed in the apical cytoplasm. Secretory cells are mainly observed in the outer epidermis, and it can be divided into four types of A, B, C and D with morphological features of the secretory granules. Type A cells of mucous cell are found in the marginal and central mantle. And these cells contains numerous secretory granules of non-bounded and low electron density. Type B cells contains numerous rough endoplasmic reticula, well-developed Golgi complex and secretory granules of membrane-bounded and high electron density. Secretory granules of type C cells are divided into fibrous core layer and homogeneous peripheral layer. Type D cells are found in the outer epidermis of the central and umbonal mantle. And secretory granules of these cells are divided into homogeneous core layer and granular peripheral layer. This results suggest that the outer and inner epidermis of the mantle are related with shell formation and cleaning of the mantle cavity, respectively.

피조개의 외투막은 바깥 상피층, 결합조직층 그리고 안쪽 상피층으로 구성되어 있다. 상피층은 단층으로 지지세포, 섬모세포 및 분비세포들로 구성되며, 결합조직층은 주로 교원섬유와 근섬유로 이루어져 있다. 안쪽 상피층의 지지세포들은 원주형으로 자유면은 미세융모로 덮여있다. 섬모세포들은 자유면에 섬모와 미세융모를 가지며, 이들 세포의 세포질 상부에서는 다수의 관상 미토콘드리아들이 관찰된다. 분비세포들은 주로 바깥 상피층에서 관찰되며, 분비과립의 형태학적 특징에 따라 A, B, C, D 네 종류로 구분할 수 있다. A형 분비세포들은 점액세포들로서 가장자리와 중앙부의 외투막에서 주로 관찰되며, 이들 세포의 분비과립은 전자밀도가 낮고 막을 가지지 않는다. B형 분비세포들은 발달된 다수의 조면소포체와 골지체 그리고 전자밀도가 높고 막을 가진 분비과립들을 함유한다. C형 분비세포들의 분비과립은 섬유성분의 중심부와 균질성의 주변부로 구분된다. D형 분비세포들은 주로 중앙부와 각정부 외투막의 바깥 상피층에서 관찰되며, 이들 세포의 분비과립은 균질성의 중심부와 과립상의 주변부로 구분된다. 이와 같은 결과들은 피조개 외투막의 바깥 상피층은 패각형성에 관여하며, 안쪽 상피층은 외투강 정화에 관여함을 의미한다.

Keywords

References

  1. Beedham GE: Observation on the mantle of the lamellibranchia. Q J Microsc Sci 99: 181-197, 1958
  2. Bubel A: An electron-microscope investigation of the cells lining the outer surface of the mantle in some marine molluscs. Mar Biol 21: 245-255, 1973 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00355254
  3. Bubel A: Epidermal cells. In: Bereiter-Hahn J, Matoltsy AG, Richards KS, eds, Biology of the Integument, 1 Invertebrates, pp. 400-477, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1984
  4. Garcia-Gasca A, Ochoa-Baez RI, Betancourt M: Microscopic anatomy of the pearl oyster Pinctada mazatlanica (Hanley, 1856). J Shellfish Res 13: 85-91, 1994
  5. Hillman RE: Histochemistry of mucosubstances in the mantle of the clam, Mercenaria mercenaria I. A glycosaminoglycan in the first marginal fold. Trans Am Microsc Soc 87: 361-367, 1968 https://doi.org/10.2307/3224822
  6. Kapur SP, Gibson MA: A histochemical study of the development of the mantle-edge and shell in the fresh water gastropod, Helisoma duryi eudiscus (Pilsbry). Can J Zool 46: 481-491, 1968 https://doi.org/10.1139/z68-067
  7. Kawaguti S, Ikemoto N: Electron microscopy on the mantle of a bivalve, Fabulina nitidula. Biol J Okayama Univ 8: 21-30, 1962a
  8. Kawaguti S, Ikemoto N: Electron microscopy on the mantle of a bivalve, Musculus senhousia during regeneration of the shell. Biol J Okayama Univ 8: 31-42, 1962b
  9. Kurosumi K, Shibasaki S, Ito T: Cytology of the secretion in mammalian sweat glands. Int`l Rev Cytol 87: 253-329, 1984 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-7696(08)62445-6
  10. Morrison CM: Histology and cell ultrastructure of the mantle and mantle lobes of the Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin): a summary atlas. Amer Malac Bull 10: 1-24. 1993
  11. Neff JM: Ultrastructural studies of periostracum formation in the hard shelled clam Mercenaria mercenaria (L). Tissue Cell 4(2): 311-326. 1972a https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-8166(72)80050-8
  12. Neff JM: Ultrastructure of the outer epithelium of the mantle in the clam Mercenaria mercenaria in relation to calcification of the shell. Tissue Cell 4(4): 591-600, 1972b https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-8166(72)80032-6
  13. Prezant RS: The arenophilic radial mantle glands of the Lyonsiidae (Bivalvia: Anomalodesmata) with notes on Lyosiid evolution. Malacologia 20(2): 267-289, 1981
  14. Saleuddin ASM: An electron microscopic studies of the formation and structure of the periostracum in Astarte (Bivalvia). Can J Zool 52: 1463-1471, 1974 https://doi.org/10.1139/z74-188
  15. Timmermans LPM: Studies on shell formation in molluscs. Neth J Zool 19: 417-523, 1969
  16. Vitellaro-Zuccarello L: Ultrastructrual and cytochemical study on the enzyme gland of the foot of a mollusc. Tissue Cell 13: 701-713, 1981 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-8166(81)80007-9
  17. Wilbur KM, Saleuddin ASM: Shell formation. In: Saleuddin ASM, Wilbur KM, eds, The mollusca, Vol 4 Physiology, Part 1, pp. 235-287, Academic Press, New York, 1983