Journal of Microbiology

The Microbiological Society of Korea (한국미생물학회)
권호 표지

Microscopic Detection of Urinary Tract Infection in Nepalese Patients

  • Published : 2002.12.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common domiciliary and nosocomial bacterial infections prevalent in both males and females. UTI is diagnosed on the basis of clinical symptoms, microscopy and culture of urine. In order to evaluate the efficacy of microscopic detection for presumptive diagnosis of UTI we analyzed urine samples of Nepalese patients. We have conducted Gram staining and counting of pus cells, red blood cells (RBC) and epithelial cells. We observed that RBC and epithelial cell counts were not sensitive enough to be used for presumptive diagnosis of UTI. However, pus cell counts as well as Gram stain are sensitive and significant enough to presume UTI. When the Gram stain result was compared with the culture result, it was statistically significant. From this, we suggest that Gram stain of centrifuged urine is a very sensitive screening method to detect bacteriuria. In addition, we found that E. coli was the most predominant microorganism causing UTI and nitrofurantoin was the most effective antibiotic against the isolated urinary pathogens.

Keywords

References

  1. J. Fam.Pract. v.33 Screening for asymptomatic bacteria in pregnancy:Urinalysis vs urine culture. Abyad,A.R.
  2. Bailey and Scott’s diagnostic microbiology,9th ed. Baron,E.J.;L.R. Peterson;S.M.Finegold.
  3. J. Clin Microbiol. v.36 Simplified technique for detection of significant bacteriuria by microscopic examination of urine. Cardoso, C.L.;C.B. Muraro;V.L. Siqueira;M.Guilhermentti
  4. Microbiology 1st ELBS ed. v.Ⅱ Medical laboratory manual for tropical countries. Cheesbrough,M.
  5. Cumitech 2A, laboratory disgnosis of urinary infections. Clarridge,J.E.;M.T.Pezzlo;K.L.Vosti;(Coordinating ed)
  6. Mackie and McCartney practical medical microbiology(13th ed.) Collee,J.G.;J.P.Duguid;A.G.Fraser;B.P.Marmion
  7. Clin. Nephrol. v.47 Does pyuria indicate unfection in asymptomatic dialysis patients? Eisinger,R.P.;F.Asghar;C.Kosala;M.P.Weinstein
  8. J.Urol v.130 Bacterial infection and male infertility: Absence of immunuglobulin Awith specificity for common Escherichia coli O-serotypes in seminal fluid of infertile man. Fowler,J.E.Jr;M.Mariano
  9. Am.J. Clin. Pathol. v.86 THe effect of age on prevalence of asymptomatic microscopic hematuria. Froom,P.;M. Gross;J. Ribak
  10. J. Lab.Clin.Med. v.56 Culture of urine. Hoeprich,P.D.
  11. Clinical microbiology procedures handbook. Isenberg,H.D.
  12. JAMA. v.255 Review of urine microscopy for bacteriuria Jenkins,R.D.;J.P.Fenn;J.M.Matsen
  13. J. Clin. Microbiol. v.21 Bioluminescence screening for bacteriuria. Kollbeck,J.C.;R.A.Padgett;E.G.Estevez;L.J.Harrell
  14. N.Engl. J.Med. v.303 The dysuria-pyuria syndrome. Komaroff,A.L.;G.Friedland
  15. Jpn.J.Antibiot. v.43 Comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial againts against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infection:1987:Ⅱ.Background of patients. Kosakai,N.;Y.KumamotolT.Hirose.
  16. Urinary-tract infections v.3 Topley and Wilson’s princioles of bacteriology, virology and immunidy,Bacterial diseases,8th ed Leigh,D.;G.R.Smith;C.S.F.Easman(eds)
  17. West Indian Med.J. v.42 Analysis of pathogens isolated from urinary tract infection in Barbados. Levett,P.N.
  18. J. Ciln.Pathol. v.33 Significance of bacterial and white cell counts in midstream urines. Little,P.J.;B.A.Peddie;A.R.Sincock.
  19. Hong Kong Med.J. v.44 Bacteriology of UTI in two general hospital in Hong Kong. Ling, J.M.;A.F. Cheng;E.M.Ho.
  20. Eur.Urol. v.17 no.(suppl.1) Review of norfloxacin in lower urinary tract infections. Miano,L.;S.Gildoni;A.Tubaro.
  21. Manual of clinical microbiology,(6th ed) Murray,P.R.;E.J.Baron;M.A.Pfaller;F.C.Tenover;R.H.Tolken.
  22. NCCLS document M2-A6 v.19 no.1 Performance standards for antimicrobial disk suscptibility tests. National Committee on Clinical Laboratory Standards
  23. Cent.Afr.J. Med. v.42 Scope of urinary pathogens isolated in the Public Health Bacteriology Laboratory ,Harare: Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of isolates and incidence of haemolytic bacteria. Obi,C.L.;A.Tarupiwa;C.Simango.
  24. J.Microbiol. v.40 Characterization of quinolone-resistant clinical isolates of Escherichia coli in Korea. Oh,Y.;S.Park;M.Ha;Y.Lee.
  25. J. Am. Geriatr.Soc. v.44 Pyuria among chronically incontinent but otherwise asymptomatic nursing home residents. Ouslander,J.G.;M.Schapira;J.F.Schnelle;S.Finfold
  26. Med.Clin. v.91 Rapid diagnostic mathods for predicting urinary infectionin primary health care. Pallares,J.;J.Casas;A.Guarga
  27. Clin.Microbiol.Rev. v.1 Detection of urinary tract infections by rapid methods. Pezzlo,M.
  28. Clin.Microbiol.Newsl. v.12 Significance of low-count bacteriuria. Pezzlo,M.
  29. Am. J.Med. v.75 no.(suppl.1B) Laboratory techniques for detection by rapid methods. Pollock,H.M.
  30. N.Engl.J.Med. v.299 Problems of spectrum and bias in evaluating tne efficacy of diagnostic tests. Ransohoff,D.F.;A.R.Feinstein.
  31. Eur.Urol. v.17 no.(suppl.1) Review of norfloxacin in complicated and recurrent urinary tract infections. Schaeffer,A.J.
  32. Examination of urine Clinical diagnosis and management by laboratory method,18th ed. Schumann,G.B.;S.C.Schweitzer.
  33. Indian J. of Pediatr. v.58 Urinary examination, its importance in paediatric medicine. Singh,S.
  34. Am.J.Clin.Pathol. v.13 Failure do the urinalysis and quantitative urine culture in diagnosing symptomaic urinary tract infection in patients with long-term urinary catheters. Steward,D.K.;G.L.Wood;R.L.Cohen.
  35. Am.J.Clin.Pathol. v.88 Urine sediment analysis by the Yellow IRIS automated urinalysis workstation. Wargotz,E.S.;J.E.Hyde;D.S.Karcher
  36. Lab.Med. v.12 Detection of significant bacteriuria by microscopic examination of urine. Washington,J.A.;C.M.White;M.Laganiere;L.H.Smith
  37. Pediatr.Infect.Dis.J. v.10 Urine screen for bacteriuria in symptomatic pediatric outpatients. Weinberg,A.G.;V.N.Gan.
  38. Am.J.Clin.Pathol. v.92 Eliminating unnecessary urine microscopy: Results and performance characteristics of an algorithm based on chemical reagent strip testing. Wenz,B;J.A.Lampasso.
  39. J.Ciln.Microbiol. v.21 Evaluation of three bacteriuria screening methods in a clinical research hospital Wu,T.C.;E.C.Williams,;S.T.Koo;J.D.MacLowry.
  40. Am.Fam. Physician. v.39 Urinary tract infections in the elderly. Zilkoski,M.W.;D.R.Smucker.