Positive Expression of EGFP Gene in Bovine Embryos after ICSI using Spermatozoa Co-cultured with Exogenous DNA

외래 유전자와 공배양한 정자를 이용해 난자내 직접 주입술한 후 EGFP의 발현

  • 윤효진 (건국대학교 동물자원연구센터) ;
  • 이훈택 (건국대학교 동물자원연구센터) ;
  • 정길생 (건국대학교 동물자원연구센터)
  • Published : 2002.09.01

Abstract

There are many methods to introduce exogenous DNA into embryo to produce transgenic animals. Exogenous gene can be integrated into oocyte by sperm vector. In this study, sperm was used as a vector for a transgene, which is encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of exogenous gene in bovine embryos after injection of spermatozoa cocultured with EGFP DNA fragment. Spermatozoa were plunged into liquid nitrogen and thawed several times or shook in 0.2% Triton X-100 to remove sperm membrane followed by DTT treatment. The injected oocytes were co-cultured with vero cells in CR1aa, and expression of EGFP gene was observed under fluorescent microscope. Blastocyst formation rates of oocytes injected with sperm treated with DTT, DTT-freezing or DTT-Triton X-100 were 34.7, 39.4 and 31.9%, respectively. The rates of EGFP expression in oocytes injected with 54 ng DNA after DTT-treated, DTT-freezing and DTT-Triton X-100-treated sperm were 0, 19.1 and 13.9%. On the other hands, expression rate of oocytes injected with sperm cocultured with 13.5, 27 and 63.5 ng of EFGP DNA were 6.7, 9.0 and 5.1%, respectively. When intact sperm was mixed with 63.5 ng/${mu}ell$ EGFP DNA fragment, and then electroporated before injection, the expression rate of injected oocyte was 2%. Unexpectedly, electro-poration could not increase the expression rate. These results suggest that sperm can be used as a transgene vector, even if the efficiency was low (19.1%).

현재까지 외래 유전자를 도입하여 형질전환 동물을 생산하는 방법이 다방면으로 연구되어 왔다. 그 중에서 본 연구에서는 정자를 EGFP 유전자와 공배양한 후 이를 난모 세포내에 미세 주입한 다음, 수정란의 발달과 ECFP 유전자의 발현을 조사하였다. 즉, 동결후 융해나 Triton X-100 처리 등으로 세포막을 파괴하여, 이들 정자를 EGFP 유전자와 다분간 공배양함으로써 정자와 EGFP 유전자와의 결합을 유도하였다. 정자나 정자두부의 미세주입에 의해 수정된 난자는 0.3%의 BSA가 첨가된 CR1aa 배양액에서 배양하였으며, EGFP 유전자의 발현은 형광현미경 하에서 관찰하였다. 통결 후 융해로 처리된 정자와 Triton X-100 처리 한 정자를 미세주입한 결과 난할율은 85.7과 80.1%였고, 배반포 발생율은 32.4 과 35.0%로서 유의차가 없었다. 동결 후 융해와 Triton X-100 으로 처리된 정자를 각각 미세주입한 수정란의 EGFP 유전자 발현율은 각각 19.1과 13.9%로서 전자가 유의하게 높았다. 또 정자 배양액에 첨가된 EGFP유전자의 농도가 54 ng/${\mu}\ell$일 때 EGFP 발현율은 15.4% 로서, 27 ng/${\mu}\ell$일 때의 9.0%와 63.5 ng/${\mu}\ell$일 때의 5.1% 보다 유의하게 높았다. 발현율을 높히기 위한 방법중 하나로써 electric shock의 방법을 이용해 보았으나 기존의 공배양 방법으로 얻은 최고 발현율인 19.1%에 못 미치는 2%를 보였다. EGFP 유전자가 발현된 수정란의 배반포 발생율은 0%로서 비발현 수정란의 29.5%보다 유의하게 낮았으며, EGFP 유전자의 발현은 mosaicism 형태를 보였다. 본 연구에서는 비록 낮은 외래 유전자 도입율을 보이기는 하나 (19.0%), 정자를 매개로 한 형질전환 동물의 생산은 그 방법이 간단하고 비용이 적게 든다는 장점이 있다. 기존 보고들의 효율성을 재고하여 볼 때, 난자내 정자 직접 주입술에 의한 형질전환 동물 생산의 연구는 향후 밝은 전망을 시사하고 있다.

Keywords

References

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