Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Early Feed Restriction on the Occurrence of Compensatory Growth, Feed Conversion Efficiency, Leg Abnormality and Mortality in Unsexed Broiler Chickens Reared in Cages

  • Santoso, U. (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University)
  • Received : 2002.02.20
  • Accepted : 2002.06.03
  • Published : 2002.09.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of early feed restriction on growth, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality in unsexed broiler chickens. In Experiment 1, 350 one-day-old broiler chickens were divided into 7 groups. Each treatment group was represented by five replicates of ten broilers each. One group was fed ad libitum as the control group and the other six groups were fed 25% ad libitum (25% multiplied by amount of feed intake of ad libitum chickens at the previous day) for 4 or 6 days, 50% ad libitum for 4 or 6 days, and 75% ad libitum for 4 or 6 days. In experiment 2, 500 broiler chickens were divided into 10 groups. Each treatment group was represented by five replicates of ten broilers each. One group was fed ad libitum as the control group. Three ages of feed restriction initial timing (2, 4 or 6 days of age) and three types of feed restriction (physical restriction, meal feeding and diet dilution) were used ($3{\times}3$) in both experiments. They were feed-restricted for 6 days. Results showed that restricted broilers exhibited compensatory growth in both experiments except for diet dilution groups. In both experiments, FCR of restricted broilers was higher, whereas feed intake of them was lower during restriction period. FCR of restricted broilers was lower upon refeeding. Mortality was inconsistently affected by early feed restriction. Leg abnormality was lower in restricted broilers in both experiments. Level of feed restriction significantly influenced body weight, FCR and feed intake of restricted broilers (p<0.05), but duration of feed restriction had no effect. Type of restriction significantly affected body weight, feed intake and FCR (p<0.05). It appeared that to achieve the best result (complete compensatory growth and better FCR), broilers should be restricted at 25% ad libitum for 6 days (Experiment 1). Meal feeding started at 2 days of age would show the best performance (Experiment 2).

Keywords

References

  1. Anderson, K. E. and A. W. Adams. 1994. Effect of floor versus cages rearing and feeder space on growth, long bone development, and duration of tonic immobility in Single Comb White Leghorn-pullets. Poult. Sci. 73:958-964. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0730958
  2. Ballay, M., E. A. Dunnington, W. B. Gross and P. B. Siegel. 1992. Restricted feeding and broiler performance: Age at initiation and length of restriction. Poult. Sci. 71:440-447. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0710440
  3. Brody, S. 1964. Bioenergetics and Growth. 2nd rev. ed. Hafner Publishing Co., New York, NY.
  4. Duncan, D. B. 1955. Multiple range and multiple F test. Biometrics, 11:1-42. https://doi.org/10.2307/3001478
  5. Hester, P. Y., K. K. Krueger and M. Jackson. 1990. The effect of restriction and compensatory growth on the incidence of leg abnormalities and performance of commercial male turkeys. Poultry Sci. 69:1731-1742. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0691731
  6. Hulan, H. W., F. G. Proudfoot, D. Ramey and K. B. McRae. 1980. Influence of genotype and diet on general performance and incidence of leg abnormalities of commercial broilers reared to roaster weight. Poult. Sci. 59:748-757. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0590748
  7. Leeson, S., J. D. Summers and L. J. Caston. 1991. Diet dilution and compensatory growth in broilers. Poult. Sci. 70:867-873. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0700867
  8. Mitchell, H. H. 1962. Comparative Nutrition of Man and Domestic Animals. Vol. 1. Academic Press, New York, NY.
  9. Nitsan, Z., G. Ben-Avraham, Z. Zoref and I. Nir. 1991. Growth and development of the digestive organs and some enzymes in broiler chickens after hatching. Br. Poult. Sci. 32:515-523. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669108417376
  10. Pinchasov, Y., I. Nir and Z. Nitsan. 1985. Metabolic and anatomical adaptations of heavy-bodied chickens to intermittent feeding I. Food intake, growth rate, organ weight and body composition. Poult. Sci. 64:2098-2109. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0642098
  11. Plavnik, I. and S. Hurwitz. 1985. The performance of broiler chickens during and following a severe feed restriction at an early age. Poult. Sci. 68:1118-1125.
  12. Plavnik, I. and S. Hurwitz. 1988. Early feed restriction in chickens: effect of age, duration, and sex. Poultry Sci. 67: 1407-1413. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0671407
  13. Plavnik, I. and S. Hurwitz. 1990. Performance of broiler chickens and turkey poults subjected to feed restriction or to feeding of low-protein or low-sodium diets at an early age. Poultry Sci. 69:945-952. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0690945
  14. Robinson, F. E., H. L. Classen, J. A. Hanson and D. K. Onderka. 1992. Growth performance, feed efficiency and the incidence of skeletal and metabolic disease in full-fed and feed restricted broiler and roaster chickens. J. Appl. Poultry Res. 1:33-41. https://doi.org/10.1093/japr/1.1.33
  15. Santoso, U. 2001a. Effects of early feed restriction on growth, fat accumulation and meat composition in unsexed broiler chickens. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 14:1585-1591. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2001.1585
  16. Santoso, U. 2001b. Pengaruh pemberian pakan berprotein plus berlemak tinggi selama refeeding terhadap pertumbuhan dan akumulasi lemak pada broiler umur duapuluh delapan hari. Jurnal Peternakan dan Lingkungan, 7 (3): 1-5.
  17. Santoso, U., K. Tanaka and S. Ohtani (1993a) Effects of skip day feeding on growth performance and body composition in broilers. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 6:451-461. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.1993.451
  18. Santoso, U., K. Tanaka, S. Ohtani and B. S. Youn. 1993b. Effects of early feed restriction on growth performance and body composition. Asian-Aus. J. Anim. Sci. 6:401-409. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.1993.401
  19. Santoso, U., K. Tanaka and S. Ohtani. 1995a. Early skip-a-day feeding of female broiler chickens fed high-protein realimentation diets. Performance and body composition. Poult. Sci. 74:494-501. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0740494
  20. Santoso, U., K. Tanaka and S. Ohtani. 1995b. Does feedrestriction refeeding program improve growth characteristics and body composition in broiler chickens? Anim. Sci. Technol. (Jpn) 66:7-15.
  21. Sinurat, A. P., D. Zainuddin and R. Dharsana. 1995. Pengujian penampilan biologis ayam pedaging strain Hybro pada lantai litter dan kawat. Ilmu dan Peternakan, 8(2):23-27.
  22. Su, G., P. Sorensen and S. C. Kestin. 1999. Meal feeding is more effective than early feed restriction at reducing the prevalence of leg weakness in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 78:949-955. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/78.7.949

Cited by

  1. Effects of Feed Restriction and Diet Nutrient Density During Re-Alimentation on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Organ Weight, Blood Parameters and the Immune Response of Broilers vol.14, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2015.4037
  2. The effect of physical feed restriction during the starter period on broilers performance vol.10, pp.1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.5897/IJLP2018.0523
  3. Effects of Early Feed Restriction on Breast and Leg Meat Composition and Plasma Lipid Concentration in Unsexed Broiler Chickens Reared in Cages vol.15, pp.10, 2002, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2002.1475