정보처리학회논문지C (The KIPS Transactions:PartC)

한국정보처리학회 (Korea Information Processing Society)
권호 표지

Gram-Schmidt 직교화를 이용한 다중 워터마킹

Multiple Watermarking Using Gram-Schmidt Orthogonal Processing

  • Oh, Yun-Hui (Net&TV) ;
  • Kang, Hyun-Ho (Dept. of Compute Engineering, Graduate School of Pukyong National University) ;
  • Park, Ji-Hwan (Dept. of Electronics Computer Information Communication Engineering, Pukyong National University)
  • 발행 : 2001.12.01
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⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

본 논문에서는 영상의 저작권 보호를 위하여 하나의 컨텐츠에 복수개의 서로 다른 워터마크를 삽입하는 다중 워터마킹(multiple watermarking)에 대하여 고찰한다. 대역확산(spread spectrum)을 이용한 다중 워터마킹에서 워터마크 삽입시 사용되는 키 사이의 직교성(orthogonality)이 유지되어야 삽입된 워터마크의 정확한 추출이 가능하게 된다. 랜덤계열 사이의 직교성을 유지하기 위하여 Gram-schmidt 직교화를 이용하여 워터마크를 삽입하는 방식을 제안한다. 제안 방식은 삽입된 워터마크를 정확하게 추출할 수 있을 뿐 아니라, 가우시안 노이즈 추가, 히스토그램 평활화, 감마 보정, 샤프닝, 명도/대비조정 등의 다양한 공격에 대하여 강인함을 보인다.

In this paper, we consider a multiple watermarking for image copyright protection. Multiple watermarking can be defined that two or more watermarks are inserted into the same content. Multiple watermarking using spread spectrum technique is able to extract the correct watermarks from the watermarked content when the orthogonality among keys should be guaranteed only. To keep the orthogonal property between keys, we perform the process of Gram-Schmidt on the random sequences. The orthogonalized sequences are used as keys to embed the watermarks. The proposed method can not only extract correctly the embedded watermarks but also show the robustness against various attacks such as Gaussian noise addition, histogram equalization, gamma correlation, sharpening and brightness/contrast adjustment.

키워드

참고문헌

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