An Analysis of Thermal Stress and Angular Distortion in Bead-on-Plate Welding Incorporating Constrained Boundary Conditions

판재의 비드 용접에서 구속경계조건을 적용한 열응력 및 각변형 해석

  • 배강열 (진주산업대학교 산업자동화공학과) ;
  • 최태완 (진주산업대학교 산업자동화공학과)
  • Published : 1999.02.01

Abstract

There have been many studies on the two dimensional thermo-elasto-plastic analysis in welding process, mostly from viewpoint of residual stresses. In this study, the temperature distribution, transient thermal stress, and angular distortion during bead-on-plate gas metal arc welding of rectangular plates were analyzed by using the finite element method. A nonlinear heat transfer analysis was first performed by taking account of the temperature-dependent material properties and convection heat losses on the surface. This was followed by a thermo-elasto-plastic stresses and distortion analysis that incorporates the constrained boundary condition of the two dimensional solution domain to get the three dimensional size effect of the plate. The constrained boundary conditions adopted in this study were the constant displacement condition over the whole two dimensional section for axial movement in the welding direction, and the force boundary condition for rotational movementof the domain around the axis of the welding direction. It could be revealed that the theoretical predictions of the angular distortion have an improved agreement with the experimentally obtained data presented in the previous study.

판재의 비드 용접과정에서 열응력과 각변형의 발생기구 및 크기를 판재 단면에 대한 2차원 유한 요소해석을 통해 규명하고자 할 때 판재의 3차원 특성을 판재 길이의 크기효과로 간주하여, 구속경계조 건으로 설정함으로써 2차원 해석으로도 더욱 실제에 근접한 현상해석이 가능함을 제안하고자 하였다. 먼저 용접 입열에 의한 판재 내부의 천이 온도분포를 해석하였고, 이를 열응력 해석에 활용하였다. 2차 원 열응력 해석에 있어, 용접도중에 단면 전체가 길이 방향으로 동일한 크기의 변위를 한다고 가정하여 일정 변위를 길이 방향 경계조건으로 설정하고, 판재의 길이에 따라 각변형의 발생이 구속된다고 가정 하여, 판재의 길이에 의한 구속효과를 상당 구속력으로 간주하여 이를 단면 부재의 회전방향에 대한 경 계조건으로 설정함으로써 판재의 3차원 특성을 고려하고자 하였다. 제안된 방법에 의한 응력 분포 형태, 각변형 크기 등의 해석 결과가 기존의 2차원 해석 결과에 비해 실제에 더 근접함을 보여 주었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Trans. of the Japan Welding Society v.2 Analysis of Thermal Elastic-Plastic Stress and Strain during Welding by Finite Element Method Ueda, Y.;Yamakawa, T.
  2. Trans. ASME, J. Press. Vessel Technol. v.104 Numerical Analysis of Thermal Stresses during Welding including Phase Transformation Effects Papazoglou, V.J.;Masubuchi, K.
  3. Trans. ASME, J. Vessel Technol. v.97 Thermo-mechanical Analysis of the Welding Process using the Finite Element Method Friedman, E.
  4. Computer Methods in Appl. Mech. and Eng v.33 Computational Aspects of Welding Stress Analysis Argyris, J.H.;Szimmat, J.;Willam, K.J.
  5. J. Japan Welding Society v.45 Effect of Welding Conditions on Welding Deformations in Welded Structural Materials Satoh, K.;Terasaki, T.
  6. Finite Element Procedures in Engineering Analysis Bathe, K.-J.
  7. Nuclear Engineering and Design v.64 A Solution Procedure for Thermo-Elasto-Plastic and Creep Problems Snyder, M.D.;Bathe, K.-J.
  8. Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs. v.204 A Study on the Thermal and Residual Stress by Welding and Laser Surface Hardening using a New Two-dimensional Finite Element Model Yang, Y.-S.;Na, S.-J.
  9. Mathematical Theory of Elasticity(2nd ed.) Sokolnikoff, I.S.
  10. Ph.D. Thesis, KAIST A Study on the Analysis of Weld Pool Convection and Seam Tracking by Considering the Arc Length Characteristics in GMAW Kim, J.-W.
  11. J. of the Soc. of Naval Architects of Japan v.146 Studies on Transient Stresses and Deformation Behavior of Groove due to Butt-Welds of Thin Mild Steel Plates Tsuji, I.;Yoshimura, H.