절삭력 간접 측정을 이용한 CNC공작기계 제어

Control of a CNC Machining Center Using the Indirect Measurement of the Cutting Force

In recent manufacturing process, the increase of productivity has been attempted by reducing machining time with the increase of cutting force. However, the excessive increase of cutting force can cause tool breakage and have a bad effect on both manufacturing machine and workpiece. Thus, it is necessary to estimate and control the cutting force in real time during the process. In this study, use of disturbance observer is proposed for the indirect cutting force estimation. The estimated cutting force is used for the real-time control of feedrate, making the actual cutting force follow the reference force command. Since the suggested method does not need an expensive sensor like a dynamometer, the method is expected to be used practically. Since the actual cutting force follow the reference force, resulting the reducing of the machining time the increase of productivity are also expected, and the quality of cutting surface has been improved due to the adjusted feedrate. Besides, an actual constant cutting force guarantees the prevention of tool breakage. To show the effectiveness of the suggested cutting force control method, an experimental setup has been made without sensor and applied to several workpieces. Experiments show that the suggested method is effective to cutting force control of a CNC machining center.