Effect of Magnesium Administration on Preventing Arrhythmias after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft

관상동맥 우회술 후 마그네슘 투여가 심 부정맥을 예방하는 효과

  • Kim, Jun-Hyun (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan) ;
  • Song, Hyun (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan) ;
  • Kim, Yong-Hee (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan) ;
  • Lee, Eun-Sang (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan) ;
  • Lee, Jay-Won (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan) ;
  • Song, Myung-Kun (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan)
  • 김준현 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울중앙병원 흉부외과학 교실) ;
  • 송현 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울중앙병원 흉부외과학 교실) ;
  • 김용희 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울중앙병원 흉부외과학 교실) ;
  • 이은상 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울중앙병원 흉부외과학 교실) ;
  • 이재원 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울중앙병원 흉부외과학 교실) ;
  • 송명근 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울중앙병원 흉부외과학 교실)
  • Published : 1998.04.01

Abstract

Arrhythmias are common after cardiac surgery and are multifactorial. Intravenous magnesium administration reduces the frequency of ventricular arrhythmias in patient with symptomatic heart failure or acute myocardial infarction. This study was designed to evaluate the role of magnesium in preventing PVCs(premature ventricular contractions) occurred frequently after coronary artery bypass graft(CABG). 50 consecutive patients were prospectively entered into a randomized trial to determine the efficacy of postoperative magnesium therapy on the incidence of cardiac arrhythmias after elective coronary artery bypass graft. The patients underwent coronary angiography, echocardiography, electrocardiography and clinical laboratory study preoperatively. Continuous electrocardiographic monitoring was done and magnesium level was checked 0, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours postoperatively. Study group of 25 patients were given 4g of magnesium continuously over the first 24 hours and then 2g/24hours from 25 to 72 hours. The clinical characteristics of both groups were similar(p<0.05). The preoperative mean serum magnesium concentration was similar in both study group, 1.59mg/dl and control group, 1.71mg/dl. The mean postoperative serum magnesium concentration in study group elevated significantly over postoperative 12hours through 36hours(p<0.05). The postoperative mean serum magnesium concentration in control group declined and remained significantly depressed over immediate postoperation through 72hours. The mean serum magnesium concentration was significantly greater in the study group compared with the control group over postoperative 3hours through 72hours(p<0.05). There was a significant decrease in the incidence of arrhythmias such as PVCs(p<0.01) which might jeopardize hemodynamics. There were no recognized adverse effects of magnesium Administration. In conclusion, prophylactic magnesium administration seems to lessen the incidence and severity of rrhythmias after coponary artery bypass graft.

부정맥은 심장수술 후 자주 발생하며 여러 인자가 요인이 되고 있다. 마그네슘의 정맥주사는 증상이 있는 심부전 환자나 급성 심근경색 환자에 있어서 심실 부정맥의 빈도를 줄여준다는 보고가 있다. 이 연구는 관상동맥 우회술 후 흔하게 발생하는 미숙 심실수축을 예방하는데 있어 마그네슘의 역할을 평가해 보고자 고안하였다. 50 명의 연속된 환자를 전향적으로 무작위로 정규 관상동맥 우회술 후 심 부정맥의 발생에 대한 술후 마그네슘 치료의 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 모든 환자는 술전에 관상동맥 조영술, 심초음파, 심전도, 기타 임상병리 검사를 시행하였으며, 술후에는 계속적인 심전도 관찰과 마그네슘의 농도를 술직후, 술후 3시간, 6시간, 12시간, 18시간, 24시간, 36시간, 48시간, 60시간, 72시간에 각각 측정하였다. 25명의 연구군 환자들은 술후 첫 24시간 동안 4그램의 마그네슘을 계속적으로 투여받은 후 그 다음 24시간에는 2그램의 마그네슘을 72시간까지 투여받았다. 두 군 간의 임상특성은 비슷하였고(p<0.05) 술전 평균 혈청 마그네슘의 농도는 연구군에서 1.59 mg/dl, 대조군에서 1.71 mg/dl로 비슷하였다(p<0.05). 연구군에서 술후 평균 혈청 마그네슘의 농도가 술전의 농도와 비교해 보아 술후 12시간에서 36시간까지 의미있게 상승되었다(p<0.05). 대조군에서는 술후 평균 혈청 마그네슘의 농도가 술직후 감소한 상태로 72시간까지 일정한 상태를 유지하고 있었다. 대조군과 비교하여 연구군에서 평균 혈청 마그네슘의 농도가 술후 3시간에서 72시간까지 의미있게 높게 유지하고 있었다(p<0.05). 연구군에 있어서 마그네슘의 투여로 혈역학에 악영향을 끼치는 미숙 심실 수축과 같은 부정맥의 발생이 대조군에 비하여 감소하였다(p<0.01). 연구 기간동안 마그네슘 투여로 인한 부작용은 나타나지 않았다. 결론적으로 마그네슘의 예방적 투여는 관상 동맥우회술 후 부정맥의 발생과 심한 정도를 경감시킨다.

Keywords

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