Journal of Aquaculture (한국양식학회지)

The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science (한국양식학회)
권호 표지

Ammonia Removal Capacities of Several Filter Media in a Seawater Recirculating Aquaculture System

해수 순환 여과 양식 시설의 여과 재료별 암모니아 제거 능력

  • 전임기 (국립수산진흥원 양식개발과) ;
  • 손맹현 (국립수산진흥원 양식개발과) ;
  • 조재윤 (부경대학교 양식학과) ;
  • 이종문 (포항수산종묘배양장)
  • Published : 1997.08.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Ammonia removal capacities of five submerged filter media, 2~3mm sand, 30~50mm gravel, 20~40mm coral sand, polythylene net, and corrugated plastic plate in a seawater recirculating system were tested. A rotating biological contactor (RBC) was also tested for comparison. Oxygen consumption rates were measured along with the ammonia removal efficiencies. The ammonia concentrations in the system were maintained from 0.052 to 0.904 mg/l (mean 0.338$\pm$0.219 mg/l) and the water temperature was ranged from 19.2 to $21.4^{\circ}C\;(mean 20.2^{\circ}C\pm0.58^{\circ}C$). The 1/2-order kinetic model (Y:g/$m^3$/day) and the mean ammonia removal rates (g/$m^3$/day) of the filter media were : Sand : Y=135.5X0.5-25.1(r2=0.8110), 45.1 Coral sand : Y=125.1X0.5-33.0 (r2=0.7307), 31.8 Polyethylene net : Y=87.4X0.5-20.1 (r2=0.6780), 25.2 Corrugated plastic plate : Y=87.4X0.5-20.1(r2=0.5206), 19.2 Gravel : Y=4307X0.5-5.5 (r2=0.2596), 17.1 RBC : Y=127.6X0.5-33.4 (r2=0.7146), 32.8 where X is the concentration of ammonia. Oxygen consumption rates well corresponded to the ammonia removal capacities of each filter medium, thus the sands showing the highest value (442g/$m^3$/day) followed by coral sands (291.1g/$m^3$/day), polyethylene nets (236.9g/$m^3$/day), gravels (135.6g/$m^3$/day) and corrugated plastic plates (134.2g/$m^3$/day). Oxygen consumption rate of the RBC was unable to measure because of the characteristics of the structure.

해수 순환여과식 양식 시스템의 여과 재료별 암모니아 제거 능력을 정량적으로 평가하기 위하여 5종류의 침지식 여과 재료인 모래(직경 2-3 mm), 산호사 (직경 30-50 mm), 자갈 (직경 20-40 mm), 폴리에틸렌 망 (네트론) 및 플라스틱 파판(스카이라이트)의 암모니아 제거량과 산소 소비량을 측정하고 그리고 회전원판식 여과 재료의 암모니아 제거량을 측정하여 비교하였다. 실험 기간중 사육조의 암모니아 농도는 0.052-0.904(평균 0.338$\pm$0.219) mg/l였고, 수온은 19.2-21.4 (평균 20.2$\pm0.58) ^{\circ}C$의 범위였으며 사육수의 암모니아 농도 (x : mg/l)에 대한 여과 재료별 단위 용적당 일간 암모니아 제거량 (y : g/m supper(3)/day)의 1/2-order kinetic 식과 1일 평균 암모니아 제거량(g/m supper(3)/day)은 다음과 같다. 모래 : Y=135.5X 상(0.5)-25.1 (r 상(2)=0.8110), 45.1 자갈 Y=43.7X 상(0.5)-5.5 (r 상(2)=0.2596), 17.1 산호사 : Y=125.1X 상(0.5)-33.0 (r 상(2)=0.7307), 31.8 폴리에틸렌 망 : Y=87.4X 상(0.5)-20.1 (r 상(2)=0.6780), 25.2 플라스틱 파판 : Y=71.1X 상(0.5)-17.6 (r 상(2)=0.5206), 19.2 회전원판 : Y=127.6X 상(0.5)-33.4 (r 상(2)=0.7146), 32.8 사육조의 용존산소 농도 범위 3.8-7.5 (평균 5.7$\pm0.98)\;mg/\ell$ 에서의 여과 재료 단위 용적($m^3$/day))당 1일 산소 소비량은 모래, 산호사, 폴리에틸렌망을 이용한 여과조에서 각각 442.1, 291.1, 및 236.9 g/$m^3$/day 로 모래 여과조의 산소 소비량이 가장 많았으며, 자갈과 플라스틱 파판은 각각 135.6 및 134.2 g/$m^3$/day로 가장 적었다. 한편 회전원판 여과조는 물에 노출되는 구조적 특성 때문에 산소 소비량 측정은 불가능하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Water Research v.3 Nitrogen relationship in biological treatment processes-Ⅱ. Nitrification in tric-kling filters Balakrishnan, S.;W. W. Eckenfelder
  2. Aquaculture v.4 Studies on nitrification in marine biological filters Forster, J.R.M.
  3. Water Research v.20 no.11 Design of a nitrifying tertiary trickling filter based on theoretical concepts Gujer, W.;M. Boller
  4. J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. v.44 Nitrification with submerged filters Haug, R.T.;P.I. McCarty
  5. Suisan Zoshoku v.8 On operation of filter of marine closed-system aquarium Hirayama, K.
  6. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. fish v.31 Studies on water control by filtration through sand bed in a marine aquarium with closed circulation system-Ⅰ. Oxygen consumption during filtration as an index in evaluating the degree of purification of breeding water Hirayama, K.
  7. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish v.31 Studies on water control by filtration through sand bed in a marine aquarium with closed circulation system-Ⅱ. Relation of filtering velocity and depth of sand layer to purification of breeding water Hirayama, K.
  8. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish v.32 Studies on water control by filtration through sand bed in a marine aquarium with closed circulation system-Ⅲ. Relation of grain size of filter sand to purification of breeding water Hirayama, K.
  9. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish v.32 Studies on water control by filtration through sand bed in a marine aquarium with closed circulation system-Ⅳ. Rate of pollution of water by fish, and possible number and weight of fish kept in an aquarium Hirayama, K.
  10. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi v.36 Studies on water control by filtration through sand bed in a marine aquarium with closed circulating system-VI. Acidification of aquarium water Hirayama, K.
  11. Design and operating guide for aquaculture seawater systems John E. H.;C. John
  12. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish. v.30 no.1 Biochemical studies on the bacteria in the aquarium with a circulating system-Ⅰ. Change of the qualities of breeding water and bacterial population of the aquarium during fish cultivation Kawai, A.;Y. Yoshida;M. Kimaia
  13. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish. v.31 no.1 Biochemical studies on the bacteria in the aquarium with a circulating system-Ⅱ. Nitrifying activity of the filter sand Kawai, A.;Y. Yoshida;M. Kimaia
  14. Bull. Korean Fish. Soc. v.20 no.6 The ammonia removal capacity of a few kinds of filter media in a water reuse aquaculture system Kim, I.-B.;P.-K. Kim;Y.-O. Chee
  15. Aquacultural Engineering v.7 Submerged rock filter evaluation using an oxygen consumption criterion for closed recirculating systems Manthe, D.P.;R.F. Malone;S. Kumar
  16. Aquaculture v.23 A study on nitrification in the presence of prawns (Panaeus japonicus) in marine closed systems Mevel, G.;S. Chamroux
  17. Aquacultural Engineering v.3 Evalution of a trickling biofilter in a recirculting aquaculture system containing channel catfish Miller, G. E.;G. S. Libey
  18. Aquaculture v.87 Fixed film nitrification characteristics in sea water recirculation fish culture systems Nijhof, M.;J. Bovendeur
  19. Water Res. v.4 A review of literature on inorganic nitrogen metabolism in microorganisms Painter, H. A.
  20. Dutch Aquacultural Engineering Recirulating Aquaculture Systems, INFOFISH Technical Handbook 8. Remmerswaal, R.A.M.
  21. Nippon Suisan Gakkaiski v.23 Studies on fish culture in the aquarium of closed-circulating system. Its fundamental theory and standard plan Saeki, A.
  22. Fish and Invertebrate Culture-Water Management in Closed Systems(2nd ed.) Spotte S.
  23. J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. v.47 Kinetic response of perturbed marine nitrification systems Srna, R.F.;A. Baggaley
  24. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, Bull. A practical handbook of seawater analysis Strickland, J.D.H.;T.R. Parsons
  25. Water Res. v.17 no.12 Studies on marine biological fillters. Model filter Wickins, J.F.