고립성폐결절의 진단시 FDG-PET의 임상적 유용성에 관한 연구

Diagnostic Efficacy of FDG-PET Imaging in Solitary Pulmonary Nodule

  • 천은미 (삼성서울병원 호흡기내과) ;
  • 김병태 (삼성서울병원 핵의학과) ;
  • 권오정 (삼성서울병원 호흡기내과) ;
  • 김호중 (삼성서울병원 호흡기내과) ;
  • 정만표 (삼성서울병원 호흡기내과) ;
  • 이종헌 (삼성서울병원 호흡기내과) ;
  • 한용철 (삼성서울병원 호흡기내과) ;
  • 이경수 (삼성서울병원 영상의학과) ;
  • 심영목 (삼성서울병원 흉부외과) ;
  • 김진국 (삼성서울병원 흉부외과) ;
  • 한정호 (삼성서울병원 진단병리과)
  • Cheon, Eun Mee (Division of Pulmonology, Department of internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center) ;
  • Kim, Byung-Tae (Division of Pulmonology, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center) ;
  • Kwon, O. Jung (Division of Pulmonology, Department of internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center) ;
  • Kim, Hojoong (Division of Pulmonology, Department of internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center) ;
  • Chung, Man Pyo (Division of Pulmonology, Department of internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center) ;
  • Rhee, Chong H. (Division of Pulmonology, Department of internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center) ;
  • Han, Yong Chol (Division of Pulmonology, Department of internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center) ;
  • Lee, Kyung Soo (Division of Pulmonology, Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center) ;
  • Shim, Young Mog (Division of Pulmonology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center) ;
  • Kim, Jhingook (Division of Pulmonology, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center) ;
  • Han, Jungho (Division of Pulmonology, Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center)
  • 발행 : 1996.12.30

초록

연구배경: 고립성 폐결절의 3분의 1이상이 악성결절로 알려져 있으나 고립성 폐결절로 발견될 때는 상당수에서 치유 가능한 병기이다. 국내는 특성상 결핵종이 많아 고립성 폐결절의 진단에 주의를 요한다. 현재 까지 사용되고 있는 진단수기들로 진단이 되지 않아 때에 따라서는 불필요한 개흉술을 해야되는 경우가 많은 실정이다. 최근 새로운 비침습적 진단수기인 FDG-PET가 악성과 양성의 감별진단에 활발히 사용되고 있다. 방법: 1994년 9월부터 1995년 9월까지 삼성서울병원에 내원한 환자중 6cm 마만의 고립성 폐 결절을 가진 34명의 환자를 대상으로 전향적 연구를 시행하였다. 모든 환자는 단순흉부방사선촬영, 흉부전산화단층촬영 그리고 FDG-PET를 시행한 후 FDG-PET의 결과와 객담세포진 검사 경피적흡인세침술, 기관지경검사와 개흉술 의 조직학적 결과와 비교하여 FDG-PET의 정확도를 비교하였다. PET영상은 SUV 값이 4.0이상이고 시간-방사능 곡선(t ime-activity curve)이 지속적으로 증가하는 경우를 악성으로 판정하였다. 결과: 1) 악성결절($3.1{\pm}1.5cm$, $mean{\pm}SD$)과 양성결절($2.8{\pm}1.0cm$, $mean{\pm}SD$)의 크기에는 의의있는 차이가 없었다(P=0.407). 2) 악성결절의 최대 SUV는 $6.9{\pm}3.7$($mean{\pm}SD$)로써 양성결절의 $2.7{\pm}1.7$($mean{\pm}SD$) 보다 의미있게 높았으며 시간-방사능 곡선은 악성결절에서 지속적인 증가를 보였다(P< 0.05). 3) FDG-PET는 18명의 악성결절중 15명을 악성으로 진단하고 3 례의 위음성을 보였다. 3 례의 위음성은 모두 2cm미만의 비점액성의 세기관지폐포암이었다. 4) FDG- PET는 83% 의 민감도, 100%의 특이도, 100%의 양성예측도와 84%의 음성예측도를 보였다. 결론: 고립성 폐결절에서 FDG-PET는 악성결절과 양성결절의 감별진단에 높은 정확도를 보이는 비침습적 진단수기로써 불필요한 시술로 인한 이환율과 사망율을 줄이고 필요시는 개흉술의 근거를 줄 수 있는 새로운 진단수기 로 사료된다.

Background : Over one-third of solitary pulmonary nodules are malignant, but most malignant SPNs are in the early stages at diagnosis and can be cured by surgical removal. Therefore, early diagnosis of malignant SPN is essential for the lifesaving of the patient. The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Korea is somewhat higher than those of other countries and a large number of SPNs are found to be tuberculoma. Most primary physicians tend to regard newly detected solitary pulmonary nodule as tuberculoma with only noninvasive imaging such as CT and they prefer clinical observation if the findings suggest benignancy without further invasive procedures. Many kinds of noninvasive procedures for confirmatory diagnosis have been introduced to differentiate malignant SPNs from benign ones, but none of them has been satisfactory. FOG-PET is a unique tool for imaging and quantifying the status of glucose metabolism. On the basis that glucose metabolism is increased in the malignant transfomled cells compared with normal cells, FDG-PET is considered to be the satisfactory noninvasive procedure which can differentiate malignant SPNs from benign SPNs. So we performed FOG-PET in patients with solitary pulmonary nodule and evaluated the diagnostic accuracy in the diagnosis of malignant SPNs. Method : 34 patients with a solitary pulmonary nodule less than 6 cm of irs diameter who visited Samsung Medical Center from Semptember, 1994 to Semptember, 1995 were evaluated prospectively. Simple chest roentgenography, chest computer tomography, FOG-PET scan were performed for all patients. The results of FOG-PET were evaluated comparing with the results of final diagnosis confirmed by sputum study, PCNA, fiberoptic bronchoscopy, or thoracotomy. Results : (I) There was no significant difference in nodule size between malignant (3.1 1.5cm) and benign nodule(2.81.0cm)(p>0.05). (2) Peal SUV(standardized uptake value) of malignant nodules (6.93.7) was significantly higher than peak SUV of benign nodules(2.71.7) and time-activity curves showed continuous increase in malignant nodules. (3) Three false negative cases were found among eighteen malignant nodule by the FDG-PET imaging study and all three cases were nonmucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma less than 2 em diameter. (4) FOG-PET imaging resulted in 83% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% positive predictive value and 84% negative predictive value. Conclusion: FOG-PET imaging is a new noninvasive diagnostic method of solitary pulmonary nodule thai has a high accuracy of differential diagnosis between malignant and benign nodule. FDG-PET imaging could be used for the differential diagnosis of SPN which is not properly diagnosed with conventional methods before thoracotomy. Considering the high accuracy of FDG-PET imaging, this procedure may play an important role in making the dicision to perform thoracotomy in diffcult cases.

키워드