An Application of GIS Technique to Analyze the Location of Fastfood Stores : The Case of Kangnam-Gu , Seoul

GIS 기법을 활용한 패스트푸드점의 입지분석에 관한 연구 - 서울시 강남구를 중심으로

  • Published : 1996.10.01

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to extract the main locational factors to affect the location of fastfood stores in Kangnam -Gu, Seoul by using Geographic Information Systems. The Franchise system, which came to be employed in full scale since 1990, now enjoying the booming period, especially fast food industry. The procedure of this research has four steps. First, the spatial distribution of fastfood chain stores in Seoul is analyzed by the land use and road map. Second, the spatial variations of fastfood stores in dong districts of Seoul is explained by multiple regression analysis. Third, the main locational factors to affect the location of fast food stores in Kangnam -Gu are extracted by demand and supply sides using GIS technologies. Finally, the potentiallocational zones where are selected by extracted locational factors are compared with the actual distribution of f astf ood stores in Kangnam - Gu. In terms of demand side, the main locational factors include commercial and service facilities, sub¬ways and bus stops which have a lot of pedestrians, and large apartment districts that have high popu¬lation densities. In terms of supply sides, the main locational factors include land use types and land value, accessibility. After fast food chain stores of Kangnam -Gu are overlaid final potentiallocational zones extracted by demand and supply sides of locational factors, it can be identified that over 80 % of fastfood stores are located in the potentiallocational zone. In conclusion, this study shows that spatial analysis functions may potentially be improved using GIS technologies. However there are still difficulties for the locational analysis for service industries to col¬lect appropriate data in terms of computerized base maps as well as consumer behavior and store characteristics itself.

본 논문은 GIS기법을 활용하여 서비스업의 새로운 형태인 프랜차이즈 방식의 패스트푸드점의 입지를 분석한 것이다. 패스트푸드 체인점을 이용하는 고객들의 행태조사와 서울시의 패스트푸드점의 분포를 통해 패스트푸드점의 입지요인을 계량적 기법을 적용하여 일차적으로 추출하였다. 수요적 측면에서 패스트푸드점의 입지에 영향을 주리라 예상되는 인구유인 시설물과 통행인구가 많은 결절지점, 그리고 고밀도 대단위 아파트 단지로 부터의 버퍼죤을 생성한 후 입지가능지구를 추출하였다. 한편 공급적인 측면에서 용도지구, 지가, 접근성 그리고 가시성 요인들을 고려하여 이미 추출된 입지가능지구로 부터 최종적인 후보입지지구를 선정하였다. 이렇게 패스트푸드점이 입지할 수 있는 가설적인 후보지구와 실제 패스트푸드점의 분포와를 비교하였다. 결론에서 본 연구의 제한점과 GIS 기법을 활용하여 입지를 분석에서 시급히 이루어져야 할 자료구축의 필요성을 논하였다.

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