중합인산염의 항균효과에 관한 연구

Bacteriostatic Effect of Condensed Phosphate on the Growth of Bacteria

수산물 가공에 있어서 품질개량제로 널리 사용되고 있는 sodium polyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, 및 polymixer가 위생지표세균 및 식중독 원인세균등 여러세균의 생리, 생육에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 중합인산염의 항균력은 Escherichia colisk Salmonella와 같은 Gram음성 균에 비하여 Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus 및 Bacillus subtilis와 같은 Gram양성균에서 강하게 나타났다. 2. 중합인산염으로 처리 하였을 때 Gram양성균인 Staphylococcus aureus에서는 균체성분의 누출이 확인 되었으나 Gram음성균인 Escherichia coli에서는 균체성분의 누출을 확인할 수 없었다. 3. Sodium polyphosphate $3.5\%$ 용액에 침지한 냉동 명태 fillet는 대조구 보다 대장균군은 $39\~72\%$, 생균수는 $27\~50\%$ 감소 되었으며, 중합인산염 처리는 균의 동결 저항성을 약화 시키는 것으로 나타났다.

Condensed phosphates have been used in various meat products to enhance the water holding capacity, to improve texture and to prevent the development of off flavors and off odors. This study was intended to observe the effects of poly - and pyrophosphate on the growth of sanitary indicative bacteria and food poisoning bacteria. The bacteriostatic effect of poly - and pyrophosphates against Gram positive bacteria was much stronger than that of against Gram negative organisms. The effective inhibitory concentration of sodium polyphosphate on the growth of bacteria was varied by species such as $0.3\%$ to Staphylococcus aureus, $0.9\%$ to Salmonella, and more than $1.0\%$ to Escherichia coli in nutrient broth. When Staphylococcus aureus suspension was treated with $0.5\%$ sodium polyphosphate at $35^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour, the release of UV-absorbing substances from the organism was confirmed. However no significant effect was observed in Escherichia coli under the similar condition. When alaska pollack fillets were dipped in $ 3.5\%$ sodium polyphospahate at $2^{\circ}C$ for 1 min. prior to freezing, the viable cell count and coliform MPN's of the frozen product were decreased with the range of 30 to $50\%$ in comparison with those of control.