Effects of Tillage Methods on the Changes of Soil Physical Properties and Rice Yields

경운방법(耕耘方法)의 차이(差異)가 토양(土壤)의 물리성(物理性)과 수도생육(水稻生育)에 미치는 영향(影響)

A field experiment was conducted to find out the effects of tillage methods on the changes of soil physical properties and rice yields. Silty clay loam soil was treated with six kinds of different tillage methods, cultivator plow-rotary, rotary, tractor deep plow-rotary, subsoiling-rotary, chisel plow-rotary and no-tillage, and Jinju variety of rice was cultivated. The results were summarized as follows; 1. Working efficiency was highest at chisel plow and the efficiencies were decreased with the order of deep plow, subsoiling, rotary, and cultivator plow. 2. Deep plow and chisel plow were considered as the useful treatments of physical properties to 20 cm depth soil and subsoiling was effective to 40 cm depth soil. 3. Rice yields were decreased 4% by rotary and 11% by no-tillage compare to cultivator plow-rotary but the yields were increased 5% by deep plow, 4% by subsoiling and 3% by chisel plow. As the results of all the data, welting efficiency, soil physical properties and rice yields, tractor deep plow was recommendable tillage method for rice paddy soils.

경운방법(耕耘方法)의 차이(差異)가 토양(土壤)의 물리적특성(物理的特性)과 수도생육(水稻生育)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)하기 위(爲)하여 미사식양질답(微砂埴壤質畓)에서 경운기경운(耕耘機耕耘), 무경운(無耕耘), 로타리, 심경(深耕), 심토파쇄(深土破碎) 및 치슬프라우 등(等) 6개(個)의 상이(相異)한 경운조건하(耕耘條件下)에서 수도(水稻)를 재배(栽培)하였다. 1. 작업능률(作業能率)은 치슬프라우가 600a/hr로 가장 높았으며 트랙터심경(深耕)>심토파쇄(深土破碎)>로타리>경운기경운(耕耘機耕耘)의 순서(順序)로 낮아졌다. 2. 물리성개선(物理性改善) 효과(效果)는 토심(土深) 20cm까지는 트랙터 심경(深耕)과 치슬프라우가 양호(良好)하였으며, 20cm이하(以下) 깊이에서는 심토파쇄(深土破碎)가 효과적(效果的)이었다. 3. 수도수량(水稻收量)은 경운기경운(耕耘機耕耘)에 비(比)하여 로타리구(區) 4% 무경운구(無耕耘區)는 11% 감수(減收)되었고, 심경구(深耕區)는 5%, 심토파쇄(深土破碎) 4%, 치슬프라우는 3% 증수(增收)되었으며 작업능률(作業能率)과 수량면(收量面)에서 종합(綜合) 고찰(考察)해보면 심경구(深耕區)가 합리적(合理的)인 경운방법(耕耘方法)으로 판단(判斷)된다.